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1.
Flame structure and NO emission characteristics in counterflow diffusion flame of blended fuel of H2/CO2/Ar have been numerically simulated with detailed chemistry. The combination of H2, CO2 and Ar as fuel is selected to clearly display the contribution of hydrocarbon products to flame structure and NO emission characteristics due to the breakdown of CO2. A radiative heat loss term is involved to correctly describe the flame dynamics especially at low strain rates. The detailed chemistry adopts the reaction mechanism of GRI 2.11, which consists of 49 species and 279 elementary reactions. All mechanisms including thermal, NO2, N2O and Fenimore are taken into account to separately evaluate the effects of CO2 addition on NO emission characteristics. The increase of added CO2 quantity causes flame temperature to fall since at high strain rates a diluent effect is prevailing and at low strain rates the breakdown of CO2 produces relatively populous hydrocarbon products and thus the existence of hydrocarbon products inhibits chain branching. It is also found that the contribution of NO production by N2O and NO2 mechanisms are negligible and that thermal mechanism is concentrated on only the reaction zone. As strain rate and CO2 quantity increase, NO production is remarkably augmented. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
2.
低工作温度的氧化钨气敏材料   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
陈祖熊 《功能材料》1994,25(1):63-65
本文报道了一种可以在100℃左右工作的氢化钨气敏材料,它对氢气和一氧化氮有很高的灵敏度和良好的选择性,并可对空气中的一氧化氮进行探测  相似文献   
3.
The decomposition of NO and of N2O over a CuZSM-5 zeolite and a Fe-mordenite, respectively, has been studied using tracer techniques. The results demonstrate the high mobility of the lattice oxygen ions in self-diffusion. They afford a possible explanation for the problem of how two extralattice oxygens located at positions remote from each other may combine to form the O2 molecules which are spontaneously desorbed in these redox reactions. They show that a portion of the lattice oxygen mixes into the O2 released on decomposition. The data also show that N18O and N2 18O undergo exchange with the catalyst oxygen under reaction conditions.On leave from Central Research Institute for Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.  相似文献   
4.
Cu ion co-ordination-location in zeolites of MFI, erionite, mordenite matrices has been determined and the activity of the individual Cu sites compared for NO decomposition and its selective reduction by hydrocarbons or ammonia. It appears that Cu ions in the vicinity of one framework Al (site II), able to form stable Cu+-dinitrosyl complexes, and abundant in MFI structure, are responsible for high activity in NO decomposition. The Cu ions neighbouring two framework Al atoms (site I), and forming mostly mononitrosyl complexes, which dominate in erionite structure, provide a high activity in selective reduction of NO.  相似文献   
5.
The effect of SO2 on catalytic activity for NO reduction to N2 by methanol in excess oxygen over $\gamma$ -alumina has been investigated. SCR activity increased initially upon exposure of a fresh $\gamma$ -alumina catalyst to SO2 which is attributed to formation of Brønsted acid sites. Longer exposure to SO2 leads to a decline in catalytic activity to a lower steady-state NOx reduction activity which is independent of the SO2 content in the feed gas.  相似文献   
6.
A remarkably high inferred initial rate of NO oxidation by O2 has been observed over Ba–Y, FAU zeolite at 25 °C in simple flow-reactor experiments. The rate of reaction at steady state was found to be lower, but still an order of magnitude greater than over alumina-supported Pt, also at 25 °C.  相似文献   
7.
The concept of non-faradaic electrochemical modification of catalytic activity (NEMCA) has been applied for the in situ control of catalytic activity of a rhodium film deposited on YSZ (yttria stabilized zirconia) solid electrolyte towards reduction of 1000 ppm NO by 1000 ppm C3H6 in presence of excess (5000 ppm) O2 at 300 °C. A temporary heating at this feed composition results in a long-lasting deactivation of the catalyst under open circuit conditions due to partial oxidation of the rhodium surface. Positive current application (5 A) over both the active and the deactivated catalysts gives rise to an enhancement of N2 and CO2 production, the latter exceeding several hundred times the faradaic rate. While active rhodium exhibits a reversible behaviour, electrochemical promotion on the deactivated catalyst is composed of a reversible and an irreversible part. The reversible promotion results from the steady-state accumulation of current-generated active species at the gas exposed catalyst surface whereas the irreversible effect is due to the progressive reduction of the catalyst resulting in an increased recovery rate of lost catalytic activity. The results are encouraging with respect to application of rhodium for the catalytic removal of NO from auto-exhaust gases under lean-burn conditions.  相似文献   
8.
Equilibrium exchange isotherms were determined for the exchange of Cu2+ with NaZSM-5 at varying Cu(Ac)2 concentrations in solutions of constant volume and zeolite weight. At low Cu2+ levels the solid scavenged all the copper ions. When copper could be detected in the equilibrated solutions, overexchange was observed. The extent of overexchange was higher at pH 6 than at pH 4. These results were analyzed in relation to catalytic activity.On leave from the Central Institute for Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H1525 Budapest, Hungary.  相似文献   
9.
Using TiO2 as carrier, CuO/TiO2 catalysts with different CuO loading were prepared by the impregnation method. The catalytic activities in NO+CO reaction were examined with a micro-reactor gas chromatography reaction system and the methods of TPR, XPS and NO-TPD. It was found that the catalytic activities were affected by pretreatment atmosphere, i.e. H2 atmosphere > reduction–reoxidation > 10%CO/He > reaction gas (fresh sample). NO decomposition was better by low-valence Cu species than by high-valence Cu species, i.e. Cu0>Cu+>Cu2+. The XPS results indicated that Cu species on CuO/TiO2 were Cu0, Cu+, normal Cu2+(Cu2+(I)) and chain-structured Cu2+(Cu2+(II)) as –Cu–O–Ti–O–. The activities of Cu2+(II) were much higher than that of Cu2+(I), but both species were very unstable in the reaction atmosphere and easily reduced by CO, which accounted for the variable activities of fresh catalysts with increasing reaction temperature. In NO+CO reaction, the redox process was a cycle of Cu+–Cu2+(I) at low reaction temperature but was a cycle of Cu0–Cu+ at high reaction temperature. As shown by NO-TPD, high catalytic activities could be attributed to the following factors, e.g. oxygen caves on the catalyst’s surface after pretreatment with H2 and reduction–reoxidation, formation of Cu0 after pretreatment with H2, and increment of Cu species dispersion and formation of Cu2+(II) after pretreatment with reduction–reoxidation.  相似文献   
10.
The interaction of nitric oxide with Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 solid solution were investigated by means of EPR and IR spectroscopies. The influence of adsorption parameters such as adsorption temperature and pressure, presence of the O2 co-reactant on the nature and relative surface abundance of the resultant mono- and dimeric NO species was elucidated. The thermal stability of the surface nitrosyl complexes and their reactivity toward dioxygen were also examined.  相似文献   
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