织物增强混凝土的纤维协同等代效应对约束混凝土的影响分析

通过ABAQUS对织物增强混凝土拉伸性能及其永久模壳加固混凝土柱的轴压性能进行了数值分析,在材料层面研究了短纤维掺量、纤维织物层数对水泥基复合材料(ECC)和超高性能混凝土(UHPC)拉伸性能的影响;在结构层面研究织物增强超高性能混凝土模壳对不同强度核心区混凝土的约束效率及纤维织物和短纤维间的替代关系.结果表明:织物合...     

超高性能混凝土连接装配式柱抗震性能试验研究

为了改善装配式结构中构件连接部位的抗震性能,提出采用超高性能混凝土（UHPC）连接预制柱.设计1个普通混凝土（NC）整浇柱和6个塑性铰区采用UHPC的装配式柱,通过拟静力试验,研究轴压比、搭接长度、配箍率、搭接段配置短钢筋对试件破坏形态、滞回特性、承载力、变形能力、耗能能力等的影响.结果表明,搭接长度为8倍钢筋直径的装配式柱的各项抗震性能均高于普通混凝土整浇试件,可以实现与现浇整体柱相同的效果.随着搭接长度的增大,装配式柱的承载力逐渐增大,变形能力与耗能能力显著提高.在搭接区段设置短钢筋,可以提高装配式柱的受弯承载力,改变破坏形态,使塑性铰区上移.基于试验结果,考虑UHPC的受拉作用,提出UHPC装配式柱的正截面受弯承载力计算公式,计算值与试验值吻合较好.     

An experimental and numerical study of reinforced ultra-high performance concrete slabs under blast loads

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) which is characterized by high strength, high ductility and high toughness has been widely applied in modern structure construction. Outstanding mechanical feature of UHPC not only enables strong yet slim structure design but also highlights its potential in protective engineering against extreme loads like impact or explosion. In this research a series of reinforced concrete slabs are tested to determine their response under explosive loading conditions. Concrete materials used in the slab construction are ultra-high strength concrete (UHPC) and normal strength concrete (NSC). In total five slabs are tested including four UHPC slabs with varying reinforcement ratios and one control NSC slab with normal reinforcement. Explosive charges with TNT equivalent weights ranging from 1.0 to 14.0 kg at scaled distances ranging from 0.41 to 3.05 m/kg^1/3 are used in the current experiments. Test results verified the effectiveness of UHPC slabs against blast loads. Numerical models are established in LS-DYNA to reproduce the field blast tests on UHPC slabs. The numerical results are compared with the field test data, and the feasibility and validity of the numerical predictions of UHPC slab responses are demonstrated.     

超高性能混凝土抗压强度尺寸效应及收缩特性

研究了钢纤维体积分数、膨胀剂种类及掺量对不同尺寸的超高性能混凝土(UHPC)试件28d抗压强度及自成型27h后至180d收缩特性的影响.结果表明:以40mm立方体试件抗压强度为基准,不掺膨胀剂时100mm立方体试件的抗压强度换算系数为0.75～0.80,而掺有膨胀剂的100mm立方体试件抗压强度换算系数为0.74～0.80;UHPC的收缩形式以自收缩为主,约占其总收缩量的87.0%～92.7%,掺加钢纤维能够有效降低其收缩量;试验选用的EA1膨胀剂因水化速率过快,在UHPC收缩测试前已基本完全水化,造成试件内部自干燥作用加强,因此增大了UHPC的收缩量;选用的EA2膨胀剂能与空气中的水蒸气及试件内部的水分发生反应并产生持续的膨胀效果,因此在实际应用时应注意控制其掺量,以保证UHPC的体积稳定性.     

UHPC浆体的工作性和流变性与颗粒膜层厚度的关系

建立超高性能混凝土(UHPC)浆体的工作性和流变性之间的关系可从理论上研究其工作性变化规律。本文以颗粒膜层厚度为UHPC浆体的工作性的综合衡量指标,设计了正交试验,研究水胶比、超细粉煤灰替代率和硅灰掺量对UHPC浆体的工作性与流变性的影响。根据流动度和流变性测试结果,分析了水胶比和超细粉煤灰替代率的共同作用对UHPC浆体的工作性与流变性的影响,探究了UHPC的净浆与砂浆的工作性关系,基于浆膜层厚度给出了UHPC砂浆的工作性与流变性的关系式。研究结果表明:水胶比是UHPC浆体的工作性与流变性的最主要影响因素,水胶比、超细粉煤灰替代率和硅灰掺量提高均造成UHPC浆体的颗粒表面膜层厚度增大;水胶比和超细粉煤灰替代率的共同作用下,UHPC浆体的流动度和黏度系数具有相关性。     

Age-dependent size effect and fracture characteristics of ultra-high performance concrete

This paper presents an investigation of the age-dependent size effect and fracture characteristics of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). The study is based on a unique set of experimental data connecting aging tests for two curing protocols of one size and size effect tests of one age. Both aging and size effect studies are performed on notched three-point bending tests. Experimental data are augmented by state-of-the-art simulations employing a recently developed discrete early-age computational framework. The framework is constructed by coupling a hygro-thermo-chemical (HTC) model and the Lattice Discrete Particle Model (LDPM) through a set of aging functions. The HTC component allows taking into account variable curing conditions and predicts the maturity of concrete. The mechanical component, LDPM, simulates the failure behavior of concrete at the length scale of major heterogeneities. After careful calibration and validation, the mesoscale HTC-LDPM model is uniquely posed to perform predictive simulations. The ultimate flexural strengths from experiments and simulations are analyzed by the cohesive size effect curves (CSEC) method, and the classical size effect law (SEL). The fracture energies obtained by LDPM, CSEC, SEL, and cohesive crack analyses are compared, and an aging formulation for fracture properties is proposed. Based on experiments, simulations, and size-effect analyses, the age-dependence of size effect and the robustness of analytical-size effect methods are evaluated.     

膨胀剂对约束条件下UHPC早期抗裂性能影响的试验研究

超高性能混凝土(UHPC)在钢桥面铺装结构中由于铺装材料受到钢板、栓钉等的约束,加上材料本身水胶比小,更易收缩,早期容易承受拉应力导致开裂。通过在拌和过程中添加膨胀剂可以起到减小收缩的作用,但该方法对于约束条件下的UHPC铺装的早期抗裂性能提升是否有促进作用,仍需通过更多试验进行合理评估和深入研究。通过圆环法对3组不同配方的UHPC在均匀约束条件下的早期抗裂性能进行定量测试,并将试验数据进行回归分析和计算,得到了各组的平均应力发展速率,进而评估了各组的开裂风险等级。试验结果表明,通过在UHPC中加入适量膨胀剂,可使其最终收缩应力减小,并可降低其收缩应力发展速率,进一步降低其在约束条件下的开裂风险。     

圆钢管约束超高性能混凝土短柱轴压受力性能研究

为研究钢管约束超高性能混凝土（UHPC）短柱的套箍效应和轴压承载力,进行了12根钢管约束超高性能混凝土短柱的轴压试验,分析其破坏模式、变形及受力全过程。试验结果表明：钢管约束超高性能混凝土轴压短柱破坏模式与套箍系数相关,随着套箍系数的增大,轴压短柱分别出现剪切破坏、混合破坏和腰鼓破坏;套箍系数较小（0.43~0.52）的短柱,其破坏全过程中弹塑性段较短,表现出较明显的脆性破坏,当套箍系数较大（1.21~1.80）时,短柱破坏时的塑性明显增强。基于试验验证的有限元模型,参数分析表明,钢管套箍效应产生的承载力提高系数介于1.2~1.4之间;在0.43≤ξ≤1.08范围内,承载力提高系数随套箍系数增大而增大,建议径厚比的取值范围为12.0~23.0。通过对现有钢管约束混凝土承载力计算方法分析,提出了钢管约束超高性能混凝土轴压短柱承载力计算方法,其计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

Zentrische Druckversuche an schlanken UHPC‐Stützen

Axial compression tests on slender columns – unreinforced slender columns: a taboo? – Debate on potential and risk Within the project of the Priority Programme (SPP) 1542 ”Concrete light“, which is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), unreinforced UHPC columns with square and rectangular cross‐section were tested under axial compression in the subproject ”Cross sectional adaption for rod‐shaped elements in compression“. The results were compared with test series of other researchers. The focus of the study was on the buckling behavior of columns with different conditions of end support. A hinged and a fixed support have been applied for these experiments. In addition to an analysis of the failure process, the results were compared with the Euler buckling load and the normal stress in consideration of second‐order effects. Concluding, advantages and disadvantages of both approaches are presented, compared, and discussed.