Estimation of power density in IMPATT using different materials

ABSTRACT

The RF output power dissipated per unit area is calculated using Runge-Kutta method for the high-moderate-moderate-high (n⁺-n-p-p⁺) doping profile of double drift region (DDR)-based impact avalanche transit time (IMPATT) diode by taking different substrate at Ka band. Those substrates are silicon, gallium arsenide, germanium, wurtzite gallium nitride, indium phosphide and 4H-silicon carbide. A comparative study regarding power dissipation ability by the IMPATT using different material is being presented thereby modelling the DDR IMPATT diode in a one-dimensional structure. The IMPATT based on 4H-SiC element has highest power density in the order of 10¹⁰ Wm^?2 and the Si-based counterpart has lowest power density of order 10⁶ Wm^?2 throughout the Ka band. So, 4H-SiC-based IMPATT should be preferable over others for the power density preference based application. This result will be helpful to estimate the power density of the IMPATT for any doping profile and to select the proper element for the optimum design of the IMPATT as far as power density is concerned in the Ka band. Also, we have focused on variation of power density with different junction temperatures and modelled the heat sink with analysis of thermal resistances.     

高速滑坡–碎屑流颗粒反序试验及其成因机制探讨

采用室内物理模型试验对滑坡碎屑流在运动过程的颗粒分离问题进行研究,主要考虑小颗粒含量、粒径差以及滑床糙率等因素的影响。试验结果表明:碎屑物质在运动中的分离程度受粒径差影响较大、受小颗粒含量的影响较小,增加滑床糙率可以使得颗粒分离现象更加明显。结合现场调研、物理模型试验及已有研究成果对高速滑坡–碎屑流运动过程中颗粒反序的成因机制进行探讨:碎屑物质在高速运动过程中,由于小颗粒等效摩擦系数较大,碎屑物质在运动方向上出现大颗粒在前小颗粒在后的分离现象;进入减速堆积阶段,小颗粒先停积,后续大颗粒可越过小颗粒堆积物继续向前运动,而小颗粒则多被阻挡在堆积物末端,最终堆积物形成前端以大颗粒为主、末端以小颗粒为主,中部大颗粒在上小颗粒在下的堆积物结构。     

基于0.35μm CMOS工艺的APD器件仿真分析

提出了一种基于0.35μm CMOS工艺的、具有p+/n阱二极管结构的雪崩光电二极管(APD),器件引入了p阱保护环结构.采用silvaco软件对CMOS-APD器件的关键性能指标进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明:p阱保护环的应用,明显降低了击穿电压下pn结边缘电场强度,避免了器件的提前击穿.CMOS APD器件的击穿电压为9.2V,工作电压下响应率为0.65 A/W,最大内部量子效率达到90％以上,响应速度能够达到6.3 GHz,在400～900 nm波长范围内,能够得到很大的响应度.     

日盲雪崩探测器滤波膜系的优化设计及器件性能的影响

利用传输矩阵法设计了空气与基本膜系之间具 有3个周期减反膜结构的日盲紫外探测器滤波膜系,并利用半导体 器件仿真软件Atlas分析集成了滤波膜系的GaN/AlGaN异质结雪崩光电探测器(APDs)的光 电性能。研究结果表明,相对 无减反射膜的滤波膜系,本文设计的膜系明显提高了光在日盲区的透过率及截止区的反射率 ,使GaN/AlGaN APDs有更 加平滑的光谱响应曲线、更大的响应度、更陡峭的响应截止边频及更好的滤波性能;同时, GaN/AlGaN APDs比传统AlGaN APDs 更有利于光生空穴的注入,使GaN/AlGaN APDs的最大光谱响应度及紫外/可见抑制比较传统的 APDs提高超过300%。     

用于光子计数的InGaAs/InP SPAD设计

重点研究了InGaAs/InP SPAD的隧道贯穿电场、雪崩击穿电场、雪崩宽度与过偏电压的关系,提出了过偏电压的计算方法.分析了InGaAs/InP SPAD的基本特性即探测效率、暗计数率与其过偏电压、工作温度、量子效率、电场分布的依赖关系,提出了一种单光子InGaAs雪崩二极管的设计方法.设计制作了InGaAs/InP SPAD,并在门控淬灭模式下进行了单光子探测实验.结果表明:对于200m的SPAD,在过偏2 V、温度-40 ℃条件下,探测效率(PDE) 20%(1 550 nm)、暗计数率(DCR)20 kHz;对于50m的SPAD,在过偏2.5 V、温度-40 ℃条件下,探测效率(PDE) 23%(1 550 nm)、暗计数率(DCR)2 kHz.最后对实验结果进行了分析和讨论.     

室内可见光通信APD 探测电路的设计与实现

室内可见光无线通信技术是随着白光LED 照明技术的发展而兴起的无线光通信技术。在分析目前的可见光通信技术基础上,针对室内可见光通信系统的应用需求,设计了雪崩光电二极管(APD)探测电路组件。首先阐述了APD 探测电路的工作原理,其次详细设计并分析了系统各组成部分的电路结构及其功能,最后对所设计的用于室内可见光通信接收子系统的探测组件进行了相关实验测试。实验结果表明:设计有效可行,APD 探测电路具有增益高、带宽宽、温控可靠、稳定性好等优点,对室内可见光通信系统有很好的应用价值,为室内可见光通信系统进一步研究提供依据。     

雪崩击穿条件下4.5kV IGBT器件的背面优化研究

The static avalanche breakdown behavior of 4.5 kV high-voltage IGBT is studied by theory analysis and experiment. The avalanche breakdown behaviors of the 4.5 kV IGBTs with different backside structures are investigated and compared by using the curve tracer. The results show that the snap back behavior of the breakdown waveform is related to the bipolar PNP gain, which leads to the deterioration of the breakdown voltage. There are two ways to optimize the backside structure, one is increasing the implant dose of the N C buffer layer, the other is decreasing the implant dose of the P C collector layer. It is found that the optimized structure is effective in suppressing the snap back behavior and improving the breakdown characteristic of high voltage IGBT.     

Heterojunction DDR THz IMPATT diodes based on AlxGa1-xN/GaN material system

Simulation studies are made on the large-signal RF performance and avalanche noise properties of heterojunction double-drift region (DDR) impact avalanche transit time (IMPATT) diodes based on Al_xGa_1-xN/GaN material system designed to operate at 1.0 THz frequency. Two different heterojunction DDR structures such as n-Al_0.4Ga_0.6N/p-GaN and n-GaN/p-Al_0.4Ga_0.6N are proposed in this study. The large-signal output power, conversion efficiency and noise properties of the heterojunction DDR IMPATTs are compared with homojunction DDR IMPATT devices based on GaN and Al_0.4Ga_0.6N. The results show that the n-Al_0.4Ga_0.6N/p-GaN heterojunction DDR device not only surpasses the n-GaN/p-Al_0.4Ga_0.6N DDR device but also homojunction DDR IMPATTs based on GaN and Al_0.4Ga_0.6N as regards large-signal conversion efficiency, power output and avalanche noise performance at 1.0 THz.     

The global avalanche characteristics of two Boolean functions and algebraic immunity

The global avalanche characteristics criterion of two Boolean functions was introduced by Zhou et al. [On the global avalanche characteristics criterion of two Boolean functions and the higher order nonlinearity, Inform. Sci. 180(2) (2010), pp. 256–265] to measure the cryptographic behaviour in a global characteristic. The two indicators σ _{f, g} and Δ _{f, g} of Boolean functions f and g were presented. In this paper, a new upper bound on σ _{f, g} is derived, and a technique on constructing Boolean functions to attain the lower bound on the sum-of-squares indicator is described by using the disjoint spectra method. Some new upper bounds on Δ _{f, g} and σ _{f, g} are deduced for two special Boolean functions. Two relationships between σ _{f, g} and algebraic immunity of the two Boolean functions are obtained. Finally, some links among different cryptographic indicators are shown.