The influence of mining factors on seismic activity during longwall mining of a coal seam

In this article an attempt to determine the influence of mining factors on the seismic activity during the longwall mining of the upper layer of coal seam no. 405/2 in one of the Polish hard coal mines in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin was conducted. Two longwall panels were mined in analogous geological conditions and based on the same mining system and technology. However, there was significant difference with regards to the mining factors, which was reflected in the observed seismic activity. Some tools used in mining seismology were applied to illustrate the aforementioned influence of mining factors, e.g. the frequency-energy distribution, the frequency-magnitude distribution, the 2 D distribution of released seismic energy, the relationship between released seismic energy and the volume of mined coal, the Benioff strain release, and the Gutenberg-Richter(GR) b coefficient distribution(b is the proportion between high and low energy tremors). Concerning the Benioff strain release, a new solution, based on the slope of a fitted line in a moving time window, is proposed.     

废气蓄热式热氧化炉装置的安全优化

分析近年来RTO装置发生的安全事故,找出了该类环保装置存在的安全风险,并在储罐与污水池废气分类处理、在线废气浓度检测仪与废气切断阀的位置设置、新风稀释及风机控制、阻火器与爆破片、操作压力、储罐呼吸阀后采用非接触废气罩收集、风机材质等方面提出了建议。     

煤泥燃烧过程中汞的迁移行为研究

采用在线汞测试方法，以山西省低热值煤电厂中掺烧的煤泥为研究对象，利用实验室小型流化床，研究煤泥中汞的热转化行为差异及共性特征、影响煤泥热转化过程中汞迁移的关键因素，以揭示煤泥热转化过程中汞污染物的迁移机理。结果表明，同一种煤泥，相同气氛，800、900、1 000 ℃下，燃烧温度对煤泥中的汞的释放比例没有变化；相同温度，汞的释放比例为氮气>空气>氧气。3种煤泥在相同燃烧条件下，汞的释放特征相似，元素汞的释放量和释放比例差异较大。释放量与煤泥中的汞含量正相关，释放比例与煤泥中汞的赋存形态有一定关系。     

Physiochemical structure of semicoke derived from co-carbonization of coal and sawdust blends

The substitution of coal blending with sawdust had been widely investigated for metallurgical coke production. In this paper, the physiochemical structures of the semicoke derived from sawdust/coals blends co-coking were characterized by several analytical techniques including FTIR-ATR, XPS, NMR, OM, and SEM. Meanwhile, the influence of the sawdust on the physicochemical properties of the sawdust/coals blends were also investigated. Results indicated that partial substitution of coal blending with sawdust benefited from the formation of colloid and optical anisotropy due to the positive synergetic effect, whereas high proportion of sawdust (>10 wt%) inhibited the agglomeration of semi-coke. On the other hand, the semicoke consisted primarily of aromatic carbons replaced by the oxygen linked to carbons and aliphatic carbons when the coal blending was replaced by high proportion of sawdust, causing a less polyaromatic graphite-like structure formation in the semicoke.     

面粉厂车间楼定向倾倒爆破

该楼体为框架结构,是车间楼和办公楼的结合体,由于加工面粉设备流程的需要,该楼同时承受动荷载和静荷载。楼体按照伸缩缝分为3部分,每部分的结构不相同,同部分不同层结构也各异。在爆破过程中严格控制各种参数,并采取有效的减振与防护措施,使此爆破工程在安全和质量上都达到了预期效果。     

水浴振荡碱消解-火焰原子吸收法测定土壤中六价铬

建立了水浴振荡碱消解-火焰原子吸收法测定土壤中的六价铬的方法。称取经风干、研磨并过0.15 mm孔径筛的土壤样品2.0 g(精确至0.01 g)置于150 mL锥形瓶中,加入25.0 mL碱性提取溶液,再加入400 mg氯化镁和0.5 mL磷酸氢二钾-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液,用聚乙稀薄膜封口,置于水浴恒温振荡器中。常温振荡样品5 min后,开启加热装置,加热水浴振荡至90～95℃,保持90 min。取下,冷却至室温。过滤,用硝酸调节溶液pH至7.5±0.5,将此溶液定容至50 mL容量瓶中,摇匀,待测。该方法采用水浴振荡碱消解的前处理方式进行土壤中六价铬的全消解,代替了磁力搅拌加热方式的消解,优化了前处理条件,简化了试验步骤,节约了分析测试时间,提高了分析效率,此方法还有利于处理大批量土壤样品。探讨了样品前处理提取温度的优化选择、氯化镁加入量的研究优化、提取时间的优化选择、pH值的优化以及三价铬干扰试验的影响。确认了最优化的仪器条件,对六价铬做了线性范围测试,曲线相关系数均在0.999以上。依据HJ 168—2020方法做了检出限,六价铬的检出限为0.5 mg/kg,以4倍检出限做测定下限,则测定下限为2.0 mg/kg。(取样量为2.0 g,定容体积为50 mL)。选取GBW(E)07251—255系列标准物质进行测试试验,试验结果的精密度和准确度均可满足土壤环境监测技术规范的要求。     

基于VMD和BSA-KELM的高陡边坡位移预测模型研究

边坡位移的时间序列曲线存在复杂的非线性特性,传统的预测模型精度不足以满足预测要求。为此提出了基于变分模态分解的鸟群优化-核极限学习机的预测模型,并用于河北省某水泥厂的边坡位移预测。该方法首先采用VMD把边坡位移序列分解为一系列的有限带宽的子序列,再对各子序列分别采用相空间重构并用核极限学习机预测,采用鸟群算法优化相空间重构的嵌入维度和KELM中惩罚系数和核参数三个数值,以取得最优预测模型。最后将各个子序列预测值叠加,得到边坡位移的最终预测值。结果表明：和KELM、BSA-KELM、EEMD-BSA-KELM模型相比,基于VMD的BSA-KELM预测精度更高,为边坡位移的预测提供一种有效的方法。