饱和块状混合回填土地基的一维固结分析

用块状渣土置换软弱地基和回填低洼谷地等是处置工程渣土的有效途径。为了分析饱和块状混合回填土地基的固结性状，运用混合物理论建立了其一维固结模型。首先，假定块状土固相和充填土固相之间满足等应变条件，获得了饱和块状混合回填土中各相应变与块状土孔隙变形和充填土孔隙变形的关系式。其次，在小应变条件下，根据自由能势函数方程建立了饱和块状混合回填土的一维线弹性本构方程，再结合达西定律和应力平衡方程获得了一维固结控制方程。再次，利用分离变量法得到一维固结解析解，通过退化本文模型与已有模型进行对比，验证了本文模型的正确性。最后，基于所得解析解，分析了充填土孔隙渗透系数、块状土孔隙渗透系数以及流体交换参数等因素对饱和块状混合回填土地基固结性状的影响。分析结果表明：充填土孔隙渗透系数对饱和块状混合回填土地基整体固结性状起主导作用；在固结初期，块状土超孔压会有一定程度的上升，且3个参数具有相似的作用机理。     

Electric field-assisted synthesis/sintering cerium oxide: 5 wt.% gadolinium oxide

Gadolinium oxide ceramic powders were mixed to cerium oxide ceramic powders, pressed to pellets, and sintered either at 1450 °C or applying 200 V cm⁻¹ electric field at 800 °C, 900 °C and 1000 °C. The structural phases and the microstructure of the sintered pellets were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The formation of substitutional solid solution was followed by monitoring the increase of the electrical conductivity by impedance spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The main results show that Joule heating due to the flow through the pellets of the electric current, which was produced by the application of the electric field, allows for promoting partial solid solution as well as partial sintering the ceria-gadolinia pellets. Moreover, grain growth that occurred in the high temperature sintered pellets was inhibited in the electric field-assisted synthesized/sintered pellets, being an alternative technique for producing cerium oxide-gadolinium oxide solid solutions.     

A thermal-aware VM consolidation mechanism with outage avoidance

Efficient energy and temperature management techniques are essential elements for operators of cloud data centers. Dynamic virtual machine (VM) consolidation using live migration techniques presents a great opportunity for cloud service providers to adaptively reduce energy consumption and optimize their resource utilization. In recent studies, power consumption readings of individual physical hosts were chosen as the main monitoring parameters in their allocation policies, whereas very few have considered host temperature, which has shown to have a negative impact on server reliability, as a migration criterion. In this work, a thermal-aware VM consolidation mechanism is proposed for resource allocation optimization and server reliability assurance. We consider the variability in host temperature as a migration criterion to avoid outage incidents via having better VM consolidations. Extensive simulation results obtained from CloudSim show the promising performance of the proposed mechanism in energy saving while reducing the number of server outage incidents due to fluctuations in host temperature.     

分级加载电压下考虑有效电势变化的软黏土电渗固结理论

分级加载电压技术能够有效延长电渗处理的时间,改善地基的处理效果并能有效降低能耗。在利用分级加载电压技术开展电渗试验时,随着土体的排水固结,土体各点的电势会发生明显的变化,这与现有的电渗固结理论假设土体各点电势保持不变有所差异。利用自主设计的电渗试验仪器开展了分级加载电压下的电渗室内试验,分析了电渗过程中土体有效电势变化的规律。基于该规律并结合Esrig固结理论建立了在阳极处不排水、阴极处排水条件下考虑土体有效电势变化的电渗固结理论,得到了分级加载电压条件下考虑土体有效电势变化的超静孔隙水压力和平均固结度的解析表达式。研究表明,在电压分级加载过程中,土体有效电势变化规律表现为随时间先基本保持不变,后呈抛物线状先增后减。通过试验案例验证了考虑土体有效电势变化所求得解析解的合理性,且该数值计算结果相较于Esrig数值计算结果,前者更加接近实测值,该固结方程的建立为后续分级加载电压技术的推广应用提供了理论依据,也为实际工程提供了参考。     

飞灰固结体在沥青混合料中应用研究

通过对新型固结剂固化飞灰生成的固结体研磨成微粉全部或部分替代矿粉作为沥青混合料进行试验探究。试验结果表明,当微粉替代矿粉时,混合料的物理性能、水稳定性及高温稳定性得到了提高,确定了微粉替代矿粉最佳替代率。微粉在沥青混合料中重金属的存在状态采用多级提取的方法进行分析,试验结果进一步证明了微粉中重金属在沥青混合料中的长期稳定性。为焚烧垃圾飞灰固化稳定化和资源化利用提供了一定的理论指导。     

特高砂砾石面板坝流变效应及面板防裂措施

针对高面板坝后期变形导致的面板破坏问题,采用大型室内试验测定了大石峡筑坝料流变力学特性,重点研究了后期流变效应对坝体、防渗体应力变形的影响。评估了各期面板浇筑前坝体沉降速率,复核了面板浇筑前预沉降时间的合理性。研究结果表明,该坝各期面板浇筑前设置的预沉降期可将坝顶沉降率控制在5mm/月以内。大坝蓄水运行后面板应力,尤其是轴向应力,较初次蓄水增加明显,存在挤压破坏的风险。论证了在面板受压区设置柔性缝的面板应力改善措施,结果表明该工程措施对削减面板轴向压应力效果明显。总体上,250m级的特高砂砾石面板坝坝体和防渗体应力变形能满足安全控制要求,通过合理的工程措施可保证大坝施工与运行安全。