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1.
In this work, gallium doped copper sulfide (Ga-doped CuS) nanocrystals were prepared using a solvothermal method. The effects of Ga doping on the crystal structures, chemical composition, morphology, optical properties and thermal performance of copper sulfide (CuS) were investigated. The Ga-doped CuS nanocrystals had a hexagonal structure comparable to that of pure CuS. The Cu+/Cu2+ ratio first decreased and then increased with increasing Ga3+ doping. Both CuS and Ga-doped CuS exhibited nanoplate and nanorod morphologies. The visible transmittance of the Ga-doped CuS films was in the range of 61–77.1%. Importantly, the near-infrared (NIR) shielding performance of the films can be tuned by adjusting the concentration of the Ga dopant. The NIR shielding value of the optimal Ga-doped CuS film was 72.4%, which was approximately 1.5 times as high as that of the pure CuS film. This can be ascribed to the enhanced plasmonic NIR absorption that resulted from an increase in the hole concentration after doping with Ga3+ ions. In the thermal performance test, the Ga-doped CuS film lowered the interior temperature of the heat box by 9.1 °C. Therefore, the integration of good visible transmittance and high NIR shielding performance make the Ga-doped CuS nanocrystals a promising candidate for energy-efficient window coatings. 相似文献
2.
实物期权法是对项目决策中的灵活性价值进行定量评估的一种方法,是对传统经济评价方法净现值法的修正补充。采用实物期权理论和方法,分析煤层气利用项目可研建设阶段和生产运营阶段的期权特征,确定出煤层气利用项目总价值为现金流量净现值与项目灵活性价值之和。采用二叉树期权定价方法,构建基于实物期权的煤层气利用项目投资评价方法和模型。并结合煤层气脱氧制液化天然气项目实例,在确定评价参数的基础上,分别用净现值法、基于实物期权的延迟期权方法、扩张期权方法及复合期权方法,计算煤层气项目投资价值,同时对评价方法主要影响参数进行敏感性分析。结果表明:实物期权法评价出的煤层气利用项目价值明显高于传统经济评价方法计算出的项目价值,而且组合期权能有效增加项目的价值;标的资产价值和期权执行价格对煤层气利用项目期权价值的影响最大。 相似文献
3.
In dense traffic railway networks, trains may often slow down or stop between stations owing to previous train delays. If preceding train trajectory can be predicted, energy‐efficient driving can be achieved by suppressing unnecessary speed changes. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to find energy‐efficient driving considering fixed‐block signaling (FBS) system by using dynamic programming (DP). DP is suitable for use because it can optimize the control inputs with discrete and state constraints. In this paper, we discuss energy‐efficient driving by considering a FBS system using some case studies of simulation. In the simulation, we examine a technique to drive an express train in an energy‐efficient way when the preceding local train is running toward the station with passing loops. The results show that the proposed method can derive complex speed profiles for energy‐efficient driving and the train can be operated with a maximum reduced energy consumption of 8.3%. 相似文献
4.
Risk perceptions and technology innovativeness are the two primary factors related to the adoption of mobile technologies. The current study examines the role of technology innovativeness and risk perceptions on smartphone use and dependence in an Asian context. A total of 9086 participants were recruited through online surveys from ten Asian countries. Ordinary least squares regression analyses revealed the effects of technology innovativeness, information security, privacy concern, and their interactions on smartphone use and dependence. Moreover, based on users’ smartphone usage patterns and perceptions, this paper identified four homogeneous groups using cluster analysis. Results shows that Asian smartphone users can be segmented into four groups: innovators, conservatives, moderators, and laggards. The four clusters show significant differences in demographic features. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed based on these findings. 相似文献
5.
吐哈油区稀油油藏经历30 a的开发与实践,形成了一系列稀油油藏高效开发的方法。由于主力油田稀油油藏多为特低渗—低渗油藏,储集层非均质性强,低含水开发阶段采用强采强注面积井网,采油速度较高,开发效果较好;中—高含水阶段及时采取了井网加密等对策,短期为减缓递减、稳定产量发挥了重要作用。但油田开发初期的强注强采也影响了主力层的驱油效率和采收率,尤其是进入特高含水期,无效注水循环严重,套损井和停产井增多,造成地层压力保持水平低,常规措施治理难度大,稀油油藏开发进入低速低效开采阶段。为了从根本上提高开发效果,积极开展注气提高采收率、纳米微球复合调驱及转变渗流场等室内研究和矿场先导试验,取得了初步效果,形成一系列多元类型油藏分类提高采收率和提高开发效果的技术。随着这些技术的进一步发展和应用,吐哈油区稀油油藏自然递减率有望由19.8%逐步降至11.0%,采收率将提高2.00%~3.00%。 相似文献
6.
7.
Alexander J.A.M. van Deursen Jan A.G.M. van Dijk Peter M. ten Klooster 《Telematics and Informatics》2015
We investigate types of Internet activities among a representative sample of the Dutch population from 2010 to 2013. We examined usage patterns of seven types of Internet activities (i.e., information, news, personal development, commercial transaction, social interaction, leisure, and gaming) and related these patterns with gender, age, education, and income. Activities related to news, personal development, commercial transaction, and social interaction increased in popularity. For most capital enhancing activities, men, younger people, higher educated people, and people with higher than average incomes were prominent. These observations, however, are subject to change. The Internet seems to provide increasingly more capital-enhancing opportunities for those with higher education and income, which would accordingly reinforce their already strong positions in society. 相似文献
8.
As the standard of living constantly improves, and as life expectancy increases in developed countries, the number of adults who want to have a gratifying life increases as well. Furthermore, although the Internet offers a world of potentially rewarding experiences, there is much heterogeneity among older people with respect to those who are able to benefit from its use. To reduce this gap, public access and digital literacy programs have been implemented. The aim of the study was to find out the extent to which these programs moderate the effects of age and socioeconomic status on social access to and use of the Internet in a sample of older users in Spain. Through quota sampling of retired users over 54 years of age in Spain (N = 560), who were regular users of public supports for Internet access, a structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis was conducted. The data showed a staggered association of access indicators (physical access, digital skills and social e-activities) on the social gratifications obtained, as well as the moderating role of institutional supports. This study provides empirical evidence of the ability of public supports to moderate the effect of socioeconomics inequalities on access and social exploitation of the Internet by older people. The findings point to the need to strengthen digital literacy actions, especially in supports that are more sensitive to the effect of age and socio-economic status. 相似文献
9.
China, despite its rapid economic modernization and the lack of powerful conservative institutions, is not known for embracing diverse sexual orientation. The present study investigates whether and how Internet use, a increasingly important part of contemporary people's daily life, leads to changes in people's attitudes toward homosexuality in China, and relevant policy implications. Analyzing the Chinese General Social Survey data from 2010 to 2015, this paper develops an ordered probit model to quantify the influence of Internet use on homosexuality tolerance, adopts a substitution variable method to conduct the robustness check, and utilizes instrument variables to address the potential endogeneity in the regressions. The results show that Internet use has a significant positive impact on Chinese people's homosexuality tolerance. Further studies have found that the influence of Internet use on homosexuality tolerance is also heterogeneous to different populations. Besides, compared with traditional media, the Internet has a more significant impact on homosexuality tolerance. This paper provides some explanations for the rise in China's homosexuality tolerance from 2010 to 2015, and additional impetus for the international community to push for a liberal Internet policy in China. 相似文献
10.