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1.
Raquel Cano Jos L. Prez Liss Angarita Dvila ngel Ortega Yosselin Gmez Nereida Josefina Valero-Cedeo Heliana Parra Alexander Manzano Teresa Isabel Vliz Castro María P. Díaz Albornoz Gabriel Cano Joselyn Rojas-Quintero Maricarmen Chacín Valmore Bermúdez 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the most common liver disorder, affecting around 25% of the population worldwide. It is a complex disease spectrum, closely linked with other conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome, which may increase liver-related mortality. In light of this, numerous efforts have been carried out in recent years in order to clarify its pathogenesis and create new prevention strategies. Currently, the essential role of environmental pollutants in NAFLD development is recognized. Particularly, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have a notable influence. EDCs can be classified as natural (phytoestrogens, genistein, and coumestrol) or synthetic, and the latter ones can be further subdivided into industrial (dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, and alkylphenols), agricultural (pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides), residential (phthalates, polybrominated biphenyls, and bisphenol A), and pharmaceutical (parabens). Several experimental models have proposed a mechanism involving this group of substances with the disruption of hepatic metabolism, which promotes NAFLD. These include an imbalance between lipid influx/efflux in the liver, mitochondrial dysfunction, liver inflammation, and epigenetic reprogramming. It can be concluded that exposure to EDCs might play a crucial role in NAFLD initiation and evolution. However, further investigations supporting these effects in humans are required. 相似文献
2.
Suk-Young Song Soonil Pyo Sungchul Choi Hee Sang Oh Jung Hwa Seo Ji Hea Yu Ahreum Baek Yoon-Kyum Shin Hoo Young Lee Ja Young Choi Sung-Rae Cho 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(7)
Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a devastating neonatal brain condition caused by lack of oxygen and limited blood flow. Environmental enrichment (EE) is a classic paradigm with a complex stimulation of physical, cognitive, and social components. EE can exert neuroplasticity and neuroprotective effects in immature brains. However, the exact mechanism of EE on the chronic condition of HIE remains unclear. HIE was induced by a permanent ligation of the right carotid artery, followed by an 8% O2 hypoxic condition for 1 h. At 6 weeks of age, HIE mice were randomly assigned to either standard cages or EE cages. In the behavioral assessments, EE mice showed significantly improved motor performances in rotarod tests, ladder walking tests, and hanging wire tests, compared with HIE control mice. EE mice also significantly enhanced cognitive performances in Y-maze tests. Particularly, EE mice showed a significant increase in Cav 2.1 (P/Q type) and presynaptic proteins by molecular assessments, and a significant increase of Cav 2.1 in histological assessments of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. These results indicate that EE can upregulate the expression of the Cav 2.1 channel and presynaptic proteins related to the synaptic vesicle cycle and neurotransmitter release, which may be responsible for motor and cognitive improvements in HIE. 相似文献
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伴生矿开发利用会使得天然放射性核素通过废气、废液及固体废物等途径进入环境。随着伴生矿开发利用类别和规模的增大,其造成的环境辐射污染也日益增加。"十三五"规划对伴生矿监管提出了要求,明确了伴生矿监管的重要性。本文梳理了从上层法律到参考性监管文件的伴生矿现有法规标准体系,并总结了现状。当前伴生矿辐射环境安全法规标准体系的问题包括体系不完善、适用性不足和法规标准间存在不自恰等。结合监管关注的要点,参考其他行业的标准体系,对伴生矿监管需求进行了研究分析,提出了完善伴生矿开发利用行业法规标准体系的针对性建议,给出了一套完整的适用于伴生矿的法规标准体系,进一步加强对伴生矿开发利用企业的监管,保障辐射环境安全。 相似文献
5.
随着对环境保护的日益重视,各国在在矿山环境保护实践中采取了一系列规制措,如实施矿山环境影响评价制度和矿山环境许可证制度,设立矿山环境治理恢复基金以及注重矿山闭坑与复垦管理等。与国外典型矿业大国的环境规制措施相比较,我国的矿业环境规制措施有其特点,但在环境保护立法、矿山闭坑管理、公众参与等方面也存在一定的不足之处,需要在借鉴国外先进做法的基础上加以完善。 相似文献
6.
Laura-Jayne. A. Ellis Stephen Kissane Iseult Lynch 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(1)
There is increasing recognition that environmental nano-biological interactions in model species, and the resulting effects on progeny, are of paramount importance for nanomaterial (NM) risk assessment. In this work, Daphnia magna F0 mothers were exposed to a range of silver and titanium dioxide NMs. The key biological life history traits (survival, growth and reproduction) of the F1 intergenerations, at the first (F1B1), third (F1B3) and fifth (F1B5) broods, were investigated. Furthermore, the F1 germlines of each of the three broods were investigated over 3 more generations (up to 25 days each) in continuous or removed-from NM exposure, to identify how the length of maternal exposure affects the resulting clonal broods. Our results show how daphnids respond to NM-induced stress, and how the maternal effects show trade-offs between growth, reproduction and survivorship. The F1B1 (and following germline) had the shortest F0 maternal exposure times to the NMs, and thus were the most sensitive showing reduced size and reproductive output. The F1B3 generation had a sub-chronic maternal exposure, whereas the F1B5 generation suffered chronic maternal exposure where (in most cases) the most compensatory adaptive effects were displayed in response to the prolonged NM exposure, including enhanced neonate output and reduced gene expression. Transgenerational responses of multiple germlines showed a direct link with maternal exposure time to ‘sub-lethal’ effect concentrations of NMs (identified from standard OECDs acute toxicity tests which chronically presented as lethal) including increased survival and production of males in the F1B3 and G1B5 germlines. This information may help to fine-tune environmental risk assessments of NMs and prediction of their impacts on environmental ecology. 相似文献
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8.
Karolina Storesund Francine Amon Anne Steen‐Hansen Shayesteh Haghighatpanah Ida Larsson 《火与材料》2021,45(1):181-190
The aim of this exploratory study has been to investigate the fire properties and environmental aspects of different upholstery material combinations, mainly for domestic applications. An analysis of the sustainability and circularity of selected textiles, along with lifecycle assessment, is used to qualitatively evaluate materials from an environmental perspective. The cone calorimeter was the primary tool used to screen 20 different material combinations from a fire performance perspective. It was found that textile covers of conventional fibres such as wool, cotton and polyester, can be improved by blending them with fire resistant speciality fibres. A new three‐dimensional web structure has been examined as an alternative padding material, showing preliminary promising fire properties with regard to ignition time, heat release rates and smoke production. 相似文献
9.
Andrew J. Steveson Waltraud M. Kriven 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2021,104(7):3397-3410
The K[AlSi2O6]-Cs[AlSi2O6] pseudo-binary system was synthesized by geopolymer crystallization. The thermal expansion properties of these materials were studied by in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction to characterize thermal expansion behavior for potential application as environmental barrier coatings. Tailorable thermal expansion through changing cation stoichiometry allowed reduced thermal expansion mismatch with SiCf/SiC composites compared to rare-earth-based coatings. 相似文献
10.
Lucas A. Herweyer Elizabeth J. Opila 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2021,104(12):6496-6507
The high-temperature interaction between ~2.5 mg/cm2 of Na2SO4 and an atmospheric plasma sprayed (APS) Yb2Si2O7 topcoat–Si bond coat system on SiC CMC substrates was studied for times up to 240 h at 1000°C–1316°C in a 0.1% SO2–O2 gaseous environment. Yb2Si2O7 reacted with Na2SO4 to form Yb2SiO5 and an intergranular amorphous Na-silicate phase. Below 1200°C, the reaction was sluggish, needing days to cause morphological changes to the “splat microstructure” associated with APS coatings. The reaction was rapid at 1200°C and above, needing only a few hours for the entire topcoat to transform into a granulated microstructure consisting of Yb2SiO5 and Yb2Si2O7 phases. Na2SO4 deposits infiltrated the Yb2Si2O7 topcoat and transformed into an amorphous Na-silicate in less than 1 h at all exposure temperatures. Quantitative assessment of the Yb2SiO5 area fraction in the topcoat showed a linear decrease over time at 1316°C, attributed to reaction with the SiO2 thermally grown oxide (TGO) formed on the Si bond coat and rapid transport through the interpenetrating amorphous Na-silicate grain boundary phase. It was predicted that nearly 2 weeks is needed for complete removal of Yb2SiO5 from the topcoat at 1316°C for a single applied loading of Na2SO4. 相似文献