一种新型完全解耦移动并联机构的运动和奇异性分析

提出一种新型三自由度完全解耦移动并联机构,机构的三条分支中各包含一个平行四边形结构,推导出该机构运动位置和速度的正、逆解析解,讨论了机构主动副的移动范围,并根据机构正、逆雅可比矩阵的奇异性对机构奇异位形进行了系统地分析。由于在整个运动过程中机构雅可比矩阵为三角阵,因此机构为完全解耦并联机构,这使得机构在控制和轨迹规划等方面较为简单。此外,分支中平行四边形结构增加了机构的刚度。该机构在坐标测量机和虚轴机床等方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

基于螺旋理论的3T1R完全解耦并联机构型综合

利用螺旋理论和独立驱动原则对3T1R类完全解耦并联机构进行型综合。首先根据期望3T1R完全解耦并联机构的运动特征(沿X、Y、Z轴方向的移动和绕Z轴方向的转动)和完全解耦并联机构的正逆雅可比矩阵必为对角阵的要求,利用螺旋理论来构造满足所期望形式的正逆雅可比矩阵;然后根据正逆雅可比矩阵所要满足的条件,确定支链驱动副作用于动平台上的使动螺旋,再得到该使动螺旋对应支链上的表示驱动副的驱动螺旋和除驱动螺旋之外的其他运动螺旋系,根据支链连接度的不同,可以配置支链的所有可能构型;最后根据并联机构运动原理依次取出四条支链连接动平台和定平台得到3T1R完全解耦并联机构。综合的并联机构的输出运动是由支链上独立的输入驱动提供的,且机构的正逆雅可比矩阵在运动过程中始终保持为对角阵,所以属于完全解耦并联机构,此类机构控制简单,具有一定的应用前景。     

Type Synthesis of fully-Decoupled 2T2R Parallel Mechanisms Based on Driven-Chain Principle

Based on the screw theory and the driven-chain principle, a methodology of structural synthesis for fully-decoupled two-translational (2T) and two-rotational (2R) parallel mechanism is proposed by analyzing the characteristics of the input-output relations for fully-decoupled parallel mechanisms. Firstly, according to the desired kinematic characteristics of fully-decoupled parallel mechanisms, a method is proposed by virtue of screw theory to synthesize the desired forms for both the direct and the inverse Jacobian matrices. Secondly, according to the feature of the direct and the inverse Jacobian matrices, the effective screws, the actuated screws and the mobile un-actuated screws of each leg are established based on the reciprocal screw theory and all possible topology structures fulfilling the requirements are obtained. Finally, the desired fully-decoupled parallel mechanisms can be synthesized by using the structural synthesis rule and structural synthesis of fully-decoupled 2T2R parallel mechanisms can be obtained exploiting the abovementioned methodology. In particular, the direct Jacobian matrix of each synthesized fully-decoupled 2T2R parallel mechanism is a non-zero diagonal matrix throughout the entire workspace. Motors are mounted on each leg and each one of them actuates one degree-of-freedom (DoF) of the fully-decoupled parallel mechanism through a one-to-one velocity relation.