Comprehensive reliability evaluation of multistate complex electromechanical systems based on similarity of cloud models

High reliability and security have become the hallmarks of complex electromechanical systems. Owing to the difficulties in fault data collection, ambiguity and uncertainty have been inevitably associated with complex electromechanical systems. Thus, the ability to perform reliability evaluation using scarce fault data is of immense significance to these machines and is the focus of this study. A similarity based cloud model is proposed to evaluate the running state of complex electromechanical systems. By combining objective and subjective factors, the reliability of complex electromechanical systems is evaluated by calculating the similarity between the cloud models of actual and standardised states. Next, the inverter of an offshore wind turbine is used to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed approach. The cloud model based framework for reliability evaluation inherits the preponderance of the uncertainty problem, overcomes the drawbacks of the current reliability approaches, and provides a theoretical basis, as well as a practical approach for the maintenance and repair of complex electromechanical systems with missing fault data. Additionally, it also provides a new methodology for solving the uncertainty problems caused by paucity of data.     

基于模糊随机理论对颚式破碎机工作腔分布载荷的研究

颚式破碎机破碎力具有随机性和模糊性的特点,为了消除随机性和模糊性给颚式破碎机研究带来的影响,引入了模糊随机理论。结合现场工业试验和模糊随机理论,修正了传统破碎力为一集中载荷给设计分析带来的误差。模糊随机分布载荷曲线表明,离排放口附近越近的位置破碎力越大;对于不同工作条件下的模糊随机分布载荷,可以通过调整模糊隶属度函数的参数和破碎影响因子获得。     

A response surface technique for fuzzy—random evaluations of local seismic hazard

Local soil amplification is one of the main phenomena contributing to local seismic hazard and consequently to local seismic risk. It is influenced both by randomness and by fuzziness. This paper offers a general fuzzy—random formulation, applicable to nonlinear soil amplification studies and hence to evaluations of local seismic hazard. The results obtainable by probabilistic analysis and also those arrived at using fuzzy analysis can be considered as consequences of particularizations of this formulation.

The treatment is rendered explicit by adapting the response surface technique to the problem, as this is advantageous in terms of computational economy.     

基于区间组合法的边坡稳定非概率模糊可靠性分析方法

根据边坡稳定性影响因素的随机性、模糊性以及岩土材料力学参数取值的区间性特征,采用非对称三角模糊数表示岩土力学参数取值可能性分布,并对试验数据进行区间模糊优化分析。将所得非对称三角模糊数转化成区间数,运用边坡稳定性分析的简化Bishop法与区间组合法建立边坡安全系数区间值及可能滑动面求解方法,避免了区间函数运算的区间扩张问题。将安全系数区间计算函数与给定安全系数值之差作为功能函数,利用非概率模糊可靠性分析方法计算不同截集水平下的模糊可靠性指标,进而得到其可能性分布曲线,并由可能性理论求得边坡失效可能度,从而建立了基于区间组合法的边坡稳定非概率模糊可靠性分析方法。工程算例表明,该方法具有一定的合理性,为边坡工程稳定性评价提供了新的途径。     

灰色系统理论下的建筑形态分析——以滇南传统建筑为例

20世纪80年代以来,灰色系统理论1）提出以后,便以一种有力的姿态立于科学之林,在学术界引起了较大的反响,并受到广泛关注。目前这一理论和方法已应用于不同学科及领域的研究之中,并获得相应的丰硕成果。文章以灰色系统理论为基础,以其模糊与不确定的特性切入建筑学学科领域的研究,通过灰色系统理论的植入及建筑“灰”的决定因素进而到建筑“灰”的形态,从空间的营造、形体的塑造、功能的使用、材料的应用等方面进行了较为深入系统的研究,探寻其蕴含的设计思想和营造理念,试图以灰色系统理论来探索建筑设计理论。     

基于云模型的围岩稳定性分类

围岩稳定性分类具有模糊性和随机性特点。基于云模型理论探讨了围岩稳定性分类新模型,以综合分析围岩稳定性评价的模糊性和随机性。该模型依据围岩稳定性评价因子分类标准,计算各评价因子隶属于不同围岩稳定性等级的云数字特征,并结合评价因子权重和正向正态云发生器,得到待评样本的综合确定度,以确定围岩稳定性级别。实例应用结果及与其它评价方法对比结果表明,该模型应用于围岩稳定性分类是有效可行的,且具有计算过程简便,结果可靠的优点,也为其他类似问题分析提供了参考。     

ON THE MEASURE OF FUZZINESS AND NEGATION Part I: Membership in the Unit Interval

We investigate the meaning of the concept of fuzziness. It is suggested that fuzziness can be related to the lack of distinction between a set and its negation. Using fuzzy subsets with grades of membership in the unit interval, measures of fuzziness are suggested. First, a class of measures based on metric distances is used to derive numeric measures of fuzziness of a fuzzy set. Finally, the concept of compatibility is used to develop linguistic measures of fuzziness.     

ORDERING FUZZY SETS BY CONSENSUS CONCEPT AND FUZZY RELATION EQUATIONS

A general class of consensus measures of fuzzy sets is introduced in this paper. It is shown that, while the consensus measures are valuations but neither isotone nor antitone with respect to the lattice structure induced by the pointwise maximum and minimum operations to the set of all the fuzzy sets on a nonempty crisp set, they are antitone valuations with respect to the lattice structure induced by the generalized sharpening relation to a quotient set of the set of fuzzy sets. It is also shown that the solutions of a finite fuzzy relation equation that have the maximum consensus measure can be characterized through the join operation of the latter lattice in terms of the maximum solution and some of the minimal solutions of the equation.     

各向异性随机场下的边坡模糊随机可靠度分析

土性参数具有很大的空间变异性,且在水平方向和垂直方向上差异显著。基于随机变量模型的传统边坡模糊随机可靠度分析方法并未对此进行考虑。提出一种能合理考虑土性参数空间变异性的边坡模糊随机可靠度分析方法。首先,视黏聚力和内摩擦角的均值为正态模糊数,对其取不同的λ截集水平并在各截集水平上进行参数组合。其次,利用各向异性随机场模拟土性参数的空间变异性,将有限元法和Monte–Carlo模拟相结合,计算各参数组合对应的可靠度指标。再通过数学方法得到边坡在各截集水平上的可靠度指标。最后,运用加权平均法计算边坡的模糊随机可靠度指标。算例分析表明:与水平方向的空间变异性相比,垂直方向的空间变异性对边坡模糊随机可靠度的影响更为显著;不考虑土性参数的空间变异性在一般情况下会低估边坡的模糊随机可靠度指标,但在抗剪强度参数变异性较大时,反而可能会高估边坡的模糊随机可靠度指标;此外,黏聚力与内摩擦角之间的相关性对边坡失效概率的影响趋势基本不受土性参数空间变异性的干扰。     

基于合作博弈和云模型的变压器状态评估方法

变压器状态评估需要考虑评估指标的模糊性和随机性,因此提出了一种基于合作博弈法和云模型的变压器状态评估方法。该方法首先建立变压器状态评估指标体系,采用合作博弈法获取指标组合权重,利用变权公式对其权重进行修正;采用云模型得到定量指标对变压器各状态等级的隶属度,最后采用分层评估方法得到评估结果。实例分析表明了该方法的正确性及可行性,其评估结果更接近变压器的真实状态。