Vertex-Edge Degree Based Indices of Honey Comb Derived Network

Chemical graph theory is a branch of mathematics which combines graph theory and chemistry. Chemical reaction network theory is a territory of applied mathematics that endeavors to display the conduct of genuine compound frameworks. It pulled the research community due to its applications in theoretical and organic chemistry since 1960. Additionally, it also increases the interest the mathematicians due to the interesting mathematical structures and problems are involved. The structure of an interconnection network can be represented by a graph. In the network, vertices represent the processor nodes and edges represent the links between the processor nodes. Graph invariants play a vital feature in graph theory and distinguish the structural properties of graphs and networks. In this paper, we determined the newly introduced topological indices namely, first -degree Zagreb index, first -degree Zagreb index, second -degree Zagreb index, -degree Randic index, -degree atom-bond connectivity index, -degree geometric-arithmetic index, -degree harmonic index and -degree sum-connectivity index for honey comb derived network. In the analysis of the quantitative structure property relationships (QSPRs) and the quantitative structureactivity relationships (QSARs), graph invariants are important tools to approximate and predicate the properties of the biological and chemical compounds. Also, we give the numerical and graphical representation of our outcomes.     

Topological Characterization of Book Graph and Stacked Book Graph

Degree based topological indices are being widely used in computer-aided modeling, structural activity relations, and drug designing to predict the underlying topological properties of networks and graphs. In this work, we compute the certain important degree based topological indices like Randic index, sum connectivity index, ABC index, ABC₄ index, GA index and GA₅ index of Book graph B_n and Stacked book graph B_m,n. The results are analyzed by using edge partition, and the general formulas are derived for the above-mentioned families of graphs.     

贵州糍粑辣椒的制作工艺

本研究以贵州花溪辣椒、遵义朝天椒、贵州灯笼椒3种干辣椒为主要原料;盐、姜、蒜、料酒、辣椒籽为辅料在传统糍粑辣椒制作基础上进行工艺优化。在单因素试验的基础上,采用Box-Behnken响应面法对糍粑辣椒进行工艺优化,确定最佳配比。研究表明:贵州花溪干辣椒、遵义干朝天椒、贵州干灯笼椒配比为3:2:3(2.60 g:1.70 g:2.60 g),姜蒜比为1:1(2.14 g:2.14 g),辣椒籽炒制时间为30 s(0.83 g),盐含量为1.50 g,料酒含量0.50 mL,煮制时间为6 min,此条件下制作的糍粑辣椒感官评分为93.87±1.60,制作出来的糍粑辣椒不仅色泽鲜艳、香味浓郁、辣感适中、质地均匀,风味独特,各项理化指标、微生物指标均符合贵州糍粑辣椒的地方安全标准,具有良好的产品质量特色,为糍粑辣椒的工业化开发和推广提供了一定的理论基础。     

Quality and nutritional characteristics of traditional curd cheese enriched with thermo-coagulated acid whey protein and indigenous Lactococcus lactis strain

Consumer interest in a healthy lifestyle and health-promoting natural products is a major driving force for the increasing global demand for bio-functional and sustainable dairy foods. Supplementation of curd cheese with thermo-coagulated acid whey protein (TAWP) led to 8–10% higher contents of moisture, 23–31% of lactose, 12–13% of unsaturated, 5–6% of monounsaturated, 63% of polyunsaturated, and 3–4% of long-chain fatty acids. Lipid quality indices – TI, AI, h/H, and Omega 6/3 among others, were also significantly better than those of control cheese. The addition of indigenous Lactococcus lactis strain enhanced the flavour of cheese samples, decreased the counts of yeast and mould up to 1 log cfu g⁻¹ after 10 days of storage. The replacement of curd with TAWP resulted in novel cheese with overall sensory perception above 77 points and added nutritional and functional value, however, body and texture parameters of modified cheese samples require an improvement.     

不同煤配比对胶质层指数的影响研究

为提高焦炭质量,降低生产成本,采用陕北地区常见的气煤、肥煤、东风煤进行单独炼焦,分析3种煤单独炼焦时生成的焦炭质量。在此基础上将3种煤按不同比例配煤炼焦,分析不同配比下焦炭质量的变化,研究最佳配煤方案。结果表明：气煤单独炼焦所得焦炭质量差,但配入气煤可增加产气率和焦饼收缩度;肥煤是优质炼焦煤,但单独炼焦所得焦炭气孔率高,需配煤以改善焦炭质量;东风煤无法单独炼焦,但少量配入可增加焦炭强度,减少优质炼焦煤用量。气煤、肥煤、东风煤质量比为1∶6∶3时,焦炭质量最好,孔隙小,无缝隙和绽边,色泽为银灰色,无海绵体,部分熔合;配煤胶质层最大厚度Y=20.4 mm,最终收缩度X=7.2 mm。     

Land cover mapping with patch-derived landscape indices

Automated-classification procedures of satellite imagery are mainly based on surface reflectance and generally ignore shape and size of landforms. On the other hand, quantitative landscape ecology has been focused on the patch concept as a landscape unit due to its relevance in the theory and practice of the conservation of species in human-modelled landscapes. The present paper explores how landscape metrics can introduce the component of spatial pattern of landscape elements to enhance land cover classification reliability. In particular, a method is proposed to extract patch-derived indices and to introduce them in a supervised classification of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images as neo-channels. To extract patch-derived indices, an image segmentation method based on edge detection was used to define patches without an a priori knowledge of land cover classes. We calculated four patch indices: area, perimeter, shape index and fractal dimension. These indices were introduced in the classification to test the improvement of classification reliability. Well-known additional information (texture and topographic features) was also tested for comparison purposes. The method was tested for mapping land cover types in a mountainous region in the French Pyrenees, the Massif of Arize. The results of classification reliability allowed us to conclude that patch indices and topographic features significantly improved the discrimination of land cover classes. The combination of these additional information types by means of data fusion is useful for land cover classification purposes.     

改进的边坡岩体稳定性预测模型研究

由于边坡岩体的结构与物理力学性质表现出宏观和微观上的不连续性和高度的非线性等特点,其稳定性受地质因素和工程因素等的综合影响,这些因素大部分具有随机性、模糊性、可变性等不确定性特点,因此,边坡工程是不确定的、非线性的、动态开放性的复杂大系统,传统分析方法往往难以准确地描述这种复杂的非线性特征,因而对大型复杂边坡的稳定性进行准确预测预报尚存在一定的困难。提出了基于模拟退火交替迭代算法神经网络的边坡安全系数预测方法,在相同的初始条件下,用该方法和经典网络进行了比较,得出前者的优越性和有效性。在综合分析边坡岩体变形失稳破坏模式及其影响因素的基础上,采用了表征边坡岩体稳定性分析的复合指标为预测模型的影响因子。并利用该方法对收集到的水电工程边坡实例进行学习,对未学习过的边坡实例进行推广预测,取得了较好的效果,其预测精度明显优于经典算法BP神经网络。由此说明所提出的预测模型能够快速、准确地获取不同方案下的边坡安全系数,为选择经济合理的边坡设计方案提供了新的思路。     

Mobile and bound forms of trace metals in sediments of the lower ganges

Mobile and bound trace metals associated with sediment components (viz. exchangeable, carbonate, organic, Fe/Mn oxide and residual fractions) were determined at five locations on the River Ganges in the lower reaches. In the exchangeable phase, 5–22% of Pb, 5–14.4% of Cr, 3–16.4% of Cd, 3–16% of Zn and 1–13.5% of Cu were found, and in the carbonate phase 73–87% of Zn, 38–41% of Cd, 13–27% of Ni and 3–10.1% of Pb were found. The Fe/Mn oxide phase retained about 79–83% of Mn, 30–40% of Cr and Fe, 22–25% of Cu, 14–16% of Ni and 9–11% of Pb. In the organic phase about 36–47% of Cd, 22–28% of Cu and 10–15% of Pb were found. The order of release of metals was Cd > Cr > Pb > Cu > Zn > Ni > Mn > Fe, and the order of adsorption characteristics of most of the mobile metal fractions was Fe/Mn oxide > organic > clay. Correlations of the physico-chemical parameters with adsorption characteristics were also determined and a good correlation (r = 0.7) of cation exchange capacity with the clay fraction was found. I_geo (geoaccumulation indices) of metals in the sediments were also evaluated. Results showed a considerable enrichment of trace metals in the sediment phase at almost all the sites.     

基于新能源产业导向的电力系统能源效率评估及影响因素分析

提高电力系统能源效率有助于社会经济的可持续绿色发展。首先建立电力系统能源效率评估指标的选取原则,据此在现有常用的评估指标的基础上,从电力系统能源技术效率、能源经济效率、能源环境效率三方面建立基于新能源产业导向的电力系统能源效率评估指标体系。利用Min-max标准化法对指标进行归一化处理,根据专家意见和层次分析法建立电力系统综合能源效率评估模型。以某实际地区电力系统为例,评估分析其系统能源效率,分析影响地区电力系统能源效率的主要因素,以及各因素可带来的系统能源效率提升空间,最后给出提升电力系统能源效率的措施建议。