Localized corrosion of (lean) duplex stainless steels in immersion units of urban wastewater treatment plants

With lower alloying cost and higher mechanical properties, lean duplex stainless steels can be an alternative to the more commonly used austenitic stainless steels. However, these alloys are still not the preferred choice, probably due to a lack of field experience. A study was thus initiated in view of defining the limits of use of selected (lean) duplexes for urban wastewater treatment units. The present paper shows the localized corrosion performance of selected lean duplexes in chloride contaminated solutions. The results are compared with austenitic S30403 and S31603 and with the more standard duplexes S82441 and S32205. The effect of welding was also investigated. Exposures in field municipal wastewater plants were conducted for 1 year in low and high chloride content units. The results show that lean duplexes S32101 and S32202 can be used as alternatives to S30403 and S31603 in low chloride electrolytes. At 500 ppm of chloride content, duplex stainless steel S32304 showed better corrosion resistance than S30403 and S31603. For higher chloride contents (1000 ppm and above) the standard duplexes S82441 and S32205 shall be preferred.     

水泵水轮机导叶动态水力矩特性分析

采用SST k-ω湍流模型对某高水头水泵水轮机进行全流道三维非定常数值模拟,分别对在水轮机工况和水泵工况运行下的导叶动态力矩特性进行分析。结果表明:在水轮机工况下,随着流量的增大,不同位置处导叶的动态水力矩变化规律一致,力矩值由正值变为负值,力矩脉动频率与转轮叶片数相关,流量越大,叶频影响越显著;在水泵工况下,最高扬程工况时导叶水力矩脉动频率主频为转频且脉动幅值较大,而最低扬程工况下导叶水力矩脉动主频为叶频,力矩脉动幅值较小。     

高压辊磨+搅拌磨在某复杂难选铁矿石选别工艺中的优越性研究

为了验证在某复杂难选铁矿石的选矿工艺中，应用高压辊磨机和立式搅拌磨的优越性，进行了一系列对比试验。结果表明，与颚式破碎机相比，高压辊磨机产品的粉矿率更高，产品的可磨性更好；与球磨机相比，立式搅拌磨机细磨效率更高、效果更好，相同磨矿细度下，立式搅拌磨机磨矿产品的解离度更高，磁选铁精矿品位也更高；高压辊磨+立式搅拌磨在处理复杂难选铁矿石方面具有显著的优势。     

某贫磁赤铁矿石选矿工艺试验研究

为了使某矿山贫磁赤铁矿资源得到合理的开发利用，针对现开采部位矿石的性质和可选性问题，进行了工艺矿物学和可选性试验研究。试验结果表明：采用弱磁、强磁—阴离子反浮选工艺可得到精矿铁品位68.55%、精矿产率36.41%、金属回收率79.92%、尾矿品位9.86%的较好选别指标，说明矿石的可选性较好，为该矿石的合理开发利用提供了可靠的技术依据。     

Implementing lean practices in manufacturing SMEs: testing ‘critical success factors’ using Necessary Condition Analysis

Lean practices are known to increase operational performance. Previous research has identified critical success factors for implementing lean practices. This research aims to examine the extent to which success factors are critical for various degrees of lean practice implementation. Using multiple-respondent self-assessments from 33 Dutch manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), we conducted a Necessary Condition Analysis. Our findings indicated that the criticality of success factors is progression dependent. In the initial stages of the lean journey, SMEs could improve their lean practices in a bottom-up manner through local factors such as a learning focus, improvement training and support congruence. When lean practices are more advanced, some company-wide factors must be present: top management support, a shared improvement vision and a supplier link. Our findings question the universality of success factors such as strategic involvement and indicate the need for a more dynamic model of lean implementation.     

静密封条件下摆动油缸端面密封的建模与仿真

叶片式液压摆动油缸正常运行的关键之一在于端面密封的密封可靠性。对叶片式液压摆动油缸端面密封在静密封条件下进行数学建模,通过对该模型求解得出端面密封与转子、定子之间的接触压力,同时运用有限元软件对端面密封与转子、定子的接触压力进行仿真求解。在预压缩量0~0.5 mm,油压0~20 MPa范围内,接触压力的解析解和有限元分析结果相近,同时样机实验结果也验证了在单侧预压缩量为0和0.1 mm,油压在0~20 MPa范围时模型的正确性,这表明所建立的端面密封模型可用于判断端面密封在静密封条件下的密封可靠性。     

中高硫瘦煤配煤炼焦试验及应用研究

为扩大炼焦煤资源,降低配煤成本,采用鄂尔多斯盆地南部渭北煤田西部矿区10号煤层的中高硫瘦煤为试验煤样,分析了煤样基本性质,说明其具有高硫、低灰的特点,黏结指数和胶质层厚度较一般瘦煤高,活惰比接近2,黏结性和结焦性较好。通过中高硫瘦煤单独成焦试验、煤岩学模拟配煤、工业焦炉炼焦试验,验证中高硫瘦煤配煤炼焦的可行性,确定中高硫瘦煤配煤炼焦优化方案。结果表明:中高硫瘦煤配煤炼焦可行,应尽量控制中高硫瘦煤配入量在10%以下,多配入强黏结性煤,以提高焦炭的热态强度。中高硫瘦煤配煤炼焦工业应用表明:配入中高硫瘦煤3%~7%可生产出质量合格的焦炭,扩大了炼焦用煤范围,降低了配煤成本。     

飞机APU涡轮导向叶片高温防护涂层失效模式分析

利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)等分析了国内某型在役APU涡轮导向叶片的结构特征与热防护机理,研究了叶片失效件中高温防护涂层的厚度变化与失效模式。结果表明:飞机APU导向叶片中存在渗铝涂层+MCrAlY涂层与单一渗铝涂层2种不同的涂层结构;APU导向叶片失效件的MCrAlY涂层厚度从叶片尾缘—叶盆—前缘区域呈先增大后减小的趋势;受叶片构型影响,叶片尾缘区域涂层的氧化程度较严重,而叶盆区域越靠近前缘的位置涂层氧化损伤程度越低,但叶片前缘区域由于受CMAS腐蚀与高温氧化的耦合作用使得该区域涂层损伤最为严重。     

电测式十字板剪切试验的研究与应用

十字板剪切试验能够明显地提高饱和软粘性土力学指标的准确度,适合沿海等软土分布地区,适用于求算地基承载力、软粘土的灵敏度等重要的地基力学参数。根据电测式十字板剪切试验的原理、标定方法,结合东营沿海软土分布区地基土的建筑经验进行系统地总结和归纳,提出了该地区十字板剪切试验指标应用的相应关系式。     

大型复杂工程智能进度计划管理系统设计与实现

以精准建造理论和多层次多阶段进度计划为基本原理,从智能进度计划管理系统的概念入手,分析了该系统的必要性,提出了该系统的基本模块、层次结构、功能结构,并分析了该系统的应用状况;最后从整体角度得出了基于精准建造的智能进度计划管理系统是大型复杂工程项目进度管理的有效方式之一。