恒湿文物展柜用吸附式空气取水方法

博物馆恒湿文物展柜的湿度控制至关重要，为实现展柜的自动恒湿功能，本文基于吸附式空气取水原理，提出了一种将环境水汽自动补充至恒湿文物展柜系统水箱的方法，并搭建了相应的小型空气取水装置，证明了该方法的可行性；同时，构建了传热传质耦合的空气取水装置数学模型，在获取环境温湿度对装置取水量的影响规律后，分析加热功率和吸附床结构对装置单位能耗取水量的影响；此外，为便于装置的后期推广应用，提出了两个基于吸附床高度和直径的量纲为1参数。结果表明：进口空气的温度对取水量影响较小，但进口空气的湿度对取水量影响较明显，取水量随着湿度增加而增加；加热功率存在最优值，单位能耗取水量随着加热功率先增大后减小；在当前几何参数组合下，两个量纲为1参数η=2、β=4时，装置的单位能耗取水量最高。     

Indoor levels of volatile organic compounds at Florentine museum environments in Italy

Indoor Air Quality monitoring in cultural institutions is of particular concern to protect these places and the cultural heritage content. An indoor monitoring campaign was performed in three museums in Florence (Italy) to determine the occurrence and levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs of interest included BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes), terpenes, aldehydes, organic acids, and cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (cVMS). The most abundant VOCs in all samples analyzed were BTEX, which were strictly related to the traffic source, followed by siloxanes and terpenes. Among BTEX, toluene was always the most abundant followed by xylenes, ethylbenzene, and benzene. cVMS in exhibition rooms with the presence of visitors showed higher values compared to samples collected when the museums were closed. Terpenes showed not only the influence of vegetation-biogenic sources surrounding a museum but could also be related to the wood used for the construction of showcases and furniture and the use of cleaning products. Data obtained also showed the presence of organic acids and aldehydes whose source can be traced back to exhibits themselves and wood-based furniture. Assessing the levels of organic acids in museums is important because, over time, it can cause deterioration of the artifacts.     

基于斯特林制冷机的文物恒湿展柜设计及实验研究

博物馆文物保存过程中相对湿度对文物的影响尤其重要，因此针对目前小型展柜广泛采用的半导体制冷存在制冷量小的缺点，结合斯特林制冷机制冷量大、寿命长、安全可靠等优点，设计并搭建了一台基于斯特林制冷的文物恒湿展柜装置，实现对微环境中相对湿度的精确调节。将斯特林制冷机的冷头置于优化设计的水槽中用于控制水温，采用空气与水直接接触的方式控制展柜内空气湿度。结果表明：使用散热片以及小型循环水泵可以大幅提升冷头与水之间的换热效率；合理的风机控制策略可以有效提升展柜湿度调节速度，维持湿度稳定，降低系统能耗；展柜内的相对湿度在45.0%～65.0%之间连续可调，并能保持稳定。     

Proposed light sources for illuminating in Xuan paper and silk artwork with organic and inorganic pigments by evaluating color shifts in museum

Artworks based on Xuan paper or silk and painted by organic or inorganic pigments are highly responsive to light due to their materials and manufacturing technologies. They belong to the highest level of light responsive exhibits stipulated by International Commission on Illumination (CIE) and are vulnerable to fading and discoloration caused by radiation from light sources. The choice of light sources is the key of protection for artworks. It is indispensible and urgent to choose the lowest damage light sources according to the material characteristics of artworks. In this article, long-term irradiation of typical light sources on various substrates and pigments was used as experimental method, and CIE DE2000 color difference formula was used as the evaluation index. The laws of the influence of different light sources on the color change of various materials were obtained, and the relative damage coefficients of light sources were calculated. Finally, eight kinds of light sources suitable for illuminating responsive artworks with typical material combinations were proposed. However, there are some limitations in the study, because the ancient Chinese Xuan paper and silk used as experimental objects in the experiment are yellowish. Thus, the models derived in this article are not suitable for choosing reasonable display light sources for other works of art. However, suitable light sources for different materials could be obtained by the calculation method used in this article.     

从苏州博物馆浅析贝聿铭生态建筑理念

阐述了生态建筑的基本概念、基本特征及目前生态建筑的发展动态，并从馆舍位置、建筑风格、陈列体系、功能设施等方面就贝聿铭先生在苏州博物馆设计中体现的生态建筑理念提出看法，以供设计师们参考借鉴。     

三清山博物馆安全防范工程设计

本文主要讲述了博物馆安全防范系统各子系统的设计,及其各子系统的联动运行,以建立一个比较全面的安全防范系统,达到二级防护设计,满足三清山博物馆安全防范工程需要。     

谈结合城市设计概念的现代博物馆建筑设计--以连云港市新博物馆方案设计为例

城市设计概念在过去的二十年里逐渐成为建筑设计所关注的新热点,也为建筑设计提供了新的出发点和方法途径.博物馆建筑作为公共建筑的一种类型,与城市关系密切,又具有建筑类型自身的特点.本文试图通过笔者参与设计的连云港市新博物馆方案为例,重点探讨建筑创作中的城市设计维度问题以及博物馆建筑设计的发展趋势.     

浅谈马日诺·马瑞尼博物馆

主要介绍了意大利佛罗伦萨的马日诺.马瑞尼博物馆改造项目及其前身San Pancrazio教堂在过去一千多年间的传奇经历,意在讨论对于建筑应有的历史态度,并对马日诺.马瑞尼博物馆在建筑空间及细部处理的方法进行了探讨,以供建筑师参考借鉴。     

传统中的现代解析--泉州南建筑博物馆设计纪实

要如何在传统地区进行现代建筑的设计，是人们关注已久的问题，汲取传统地区的地域文化、符号、材料、技术等元素，经过抽象与转化，体现于本地区现代建筑的传承手法，将会为地域文化在建筑中的全新现提供新的途径。结合实际工程泉州南建筑博物馆三轮方案的进程，重点阐述在地区特色强烈的泉州地区博物馆方案的设计思想以及在设计的过程中设计师与业主之间对如何表达泉州特色进行的种种来回的沟通与探讨，并最终希望通过此方案的设计过程表明该如何在设计方与业主之间取得最终的共识上的进一步的认识。     

博物馆文物的防震保护研究--设防地震动输入及文物防震保护参数的确定

通过对上海市及邻近地区地震危害性分析,根据上海博物馆文物防震保护的具体要求,研究确定了该博物馆文物防震保护的设防水准及地震动参数。又根据上海博物馆建筑的结构特征分析,结合建筑结构动力特征的实测结果,计算得到了在给定设防地震动水准下,博物馆建筑物内各个楼层的地震动反应。通过分析馆藏文物的悬吊、固定、浮放等基本放置形式,探讨了文物的陈列特征及其可能造成的震害因素。根据相关浮放物在地震作用下的计算方法、上海博物馆文物的陈列特征及防震设计参数,给出了简便实用、偏于安全的计算模型。结果表明,在现有的抗震设防水准下,遇有大震或中震发生时,目前陈列状态的绝大多数文物均存在倾覆和滑移安全隐患。结果还表明,在上海博物馆4层楼板面地震动从566gal减小到110gal时,绝大多数文物均满足稳定条件。因此,通过选择合适的减震或隔震方法,使得文物所受到的地震动满足小于110gal时,便可使陈列文物在地震中免遭破坏,达到防震保护的目的。