纤维金属层板铆接剩余强度影响因素研究

为研究单搭铆接接头中纤维金属层板耦合损伤行为，运用金属硬化Johnson-Cook失效准则、纤维增强复合材料三维Hashin损伤准则、脱层B-K失效理论以及刚度退化失效准则建立了纤维金属层板铆接渐进失效模型，并结合实验验证了模型的合理性。考察了单搭铆接二次弯曲效应、层板铝合金体积分数、预紧力、层板孔边距对纤维金属层板铆接强度和失效模式的影响，为提高纤维金属层板铆接剩余强度提供可靠建议。分析结果表明：二次弯曲效应加速损伤发生，从而降低层板铆接强度，其中偏心加载可以削弱二次弯曲效应，更好地提高铆接强度；层板铝合金体积分数的增大能够提高层板铆接强度，但当体积分数大于50%时层板铆接比刚度和比强度反而下降；预紧力的增加能够提高层板铆接强度和增强层板损伤抗力；随着孔边距的递增，铆接剩余强度有所提高，破坏模式由灾难性拉断失效模式逐渐转化为理想的挤压失效模式，但当孔边距达到一定数值时，铆接强度不再明显提高，而失效模式也维持为挤压破坏。     

Type-II AsP/Sc2CO2 van der Waals heterostructure: an excellent photocatalyst for overall water splitting

In this work, we explore the application potential of AsP/M₂CO₂ (M = Sc, Zr) van der Waals heterostructures in photocatalytic water splitting through the first-principles calculations. The calculated results show that AsP/Zr₂CO₂ heterostructure possesses an unfavorable type-Ⅰ band alignment, whereas AsP/Sc₂CO₂ exhibits a desirable type-Ⅱ band alignment, which is beneficial for separating the photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Also, the band edge positions of AsP/Sc₂CO₂ heterostructure stride the redox potential of water, ensuring favorable reaction kinetics. Besides, the strong optical absorption of AsP/Sc₂CO₂ heterostructure in both visible and ultraviolet regions (especially up to 10⁻⁶ cm⁻¹ at about 250 nm) makes it possible to utilize solar energy effectively. Meanwhile, AsP/Sc₂CO₂ heterostructure has an exciton binding energy as low as 0.09 eV, which quantitatively illustrates the high separation efficiency of photogenerated charge carrier. Thus, the type-Ⅱ band alignment, suitable band edge position, strong light absorption, and low exciton binding energy together indicate that AsP/Sc₂CO₂ heterostructure is a potential photocatalytic material. In addition, the obvious redshift phenomenon in the optical spectrum of AsP/Sc₂CO₂ heterostructure shows that biaxial strain can improve its light capture capability. Also, the interconversion between type-Ⅱ and type-Ⅰ can be achieved by applying different strains. All these findings suggest that the novel AsP/Sc₂CO₂ heterostructure has significant application prospects in next-generation photovoltaic and photocatalytic devices.     

E?cient Video Cutout by Paint Selection

Video cutout refers to extracting moving objects from videos, which is an important step in many video editing tasks. Recent algorithms have limitations in terms of e?ciency, interaction style, and rob...     

Genes and Pathways Involved in Adult Onset Disorders Featuring Muscle Mitochondrial DNA Instability

Replication and maintenance of mtDNA entirely relies on a set of proteins encoded by the nuclear genome, which include members of the core replicative machinery, proteins involved in the homeostasis of mitochondrial dNTPs pools or deputed to the control of mitochondrial dynamics and morphology. Mutations in their coding genes have been observed in familial and sporadic forms of pediatric and adult-onset clinical phenotypes featuring mtDNA instability. The list of defects involved in these disorders has recently expanded, including mutations in the exo-/endo-nuclease flap-processing proteins MGME1 and DNA2, supporting the notion that an enzymatic DNA repair system actively takes place in mitochondria. The results obtained in the last few years acknowledge the contribution of next-generation sequencing methods in the identification of new disease loci in small groups of patients and even single probands. Although heterogeneous, these genes can be conveniently classified according to the pathway to which they belong. The definition of the molecular and biochemical features of these pathways might be helpful for fundamental knowledge of these disorders, to accelerate genetic diagnosis of patients and the development of rational therapies. In this review, we discuss the molecular findings disclosed in adult patients with muscle pathology hallmarked by mtDNA instability.     

Conditional Control Charts for Monitoring the Weibull Shape Parameter under Progressively Type II Censored Data

In this paper, (i) we propose new conditional Shewhart‐type control charts for monitoring the shape parameter of the Weibull distribution under a progressively type II censoring strategy, and (ii) we generalize the control charts proposed by Guo and Wang¹ for the progressively type II censoring case. We provide a comparison between these control charts in terms of the out‐of‐control average run length obtained by simulation for both the known and unknown parameter cases. A real example consisting of data from breaking stress of carbon fibers is also presented for illustration and comparison of the proposed control charts. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

微形电机机壳16工步连续级进弯曲模结构设计

针对微形电机机壳采用板料卷圆生产的工艺要求,设计了一种7工位连续冲裁、6工位连续弯曲冲裁、单工位落料的16工步的360°卷圆成形连续级进模。模具整体工序包括连续冲裁、连续弯曲冲裁和冲裁落料3道工序。针对壳件的成形特征,采用1个工位冲出定位孔,6个工位对壳体上的9个特征进行连续冲裁成形及倒角成形;针对壳件的弯曲成形,采用6个工位对冲裁壳体进行连续弯曲成形,工步中设置了3个弯曲成形机构,分别为仿形凹模机构、楔紧块驱动的双侧滑块挤压弯曲机构及接口压入成形机构,来实现壳件的360°卷圆成形;为保证后续弯曲工步载料及内圆成形,将内圆成形件设计成一种可以跟随弯曲凹模做小距离的向上浮动的成形构件。最终成形的壳件由单冲头落料,并由气缸驱动的接件圆柱进行接料转移。模具结构整体布局设计简单合理,机构设置巧妙,可为同类壳件的生产提供有益借鉴。     

卡头零件多工位级进模设计

根据卡头零件的结构特点及实际生产的技术要求,进行多工位级进模排样设计,由于卡头零件结构为对称结构,故其排样设计采用对称单排结构设计,导正孔设计采用零件本身处于对称轴处的工艺孔,以保证板料冲裁、折弯时的强度,以及确保送料精度,同时采用导正销确定步距。该卡头零件多工位级进模采用顺装结构,使得工件与废料自然分离,有利于减少人工成本。同时,由于该零件折弯次数较多,为保证板料成形精度,故合理地进行了空工位的设计,避免成形零件发生回弹等影响零件精度。生产结果表明,卡头零件多工位级进模能满足产品生产要求,该模具的材料利用率高达75.62%,极大地节省了材料。     

一种适用于超高速冲压新型产品的冲裁模具结构

为实现超高速模具量产,对经典的U型冲裁结构进行了优化,将原始的分离式U型冲裁和下废料双工位优化为单工位一步式冲裁和下废料工艺,新结构将产品切除和废料切除工位融合到一起,提高了U型凸模的强度、缩短了模具长度、减小了跳废料率,保证了产品质量;新结构在同一工位上同时获得产品且切除废料,无需采用连料方式传送废料,从而缩短了原材料的宽度,降低了材料成本,减少了误送。同时,模具速度从原有的800次·min-1提高到2000次·min-1,实现了超高速的目的,并且该新结构被成功地推广到其他相类似的结构中,实现了技术的互通性。     

Progressive failure analysis of notched composite plate by utilizing macro mechanics approach

In this study, gradual and sudden reduction methods were combined to simulate a progressive failure in notched composite plates using a macro mechanics approach. Using the presented method, a progressive failure is simulated based on a linear softening law prior to a catastrophic failure, and thereafter, sudden reduction methods are employed for modeling a progressive failure. This combination method significantly reduces the computational cost and is also capable of simultaneously predicting the first and last ply failures (LPFs) in composite plates. The proposed method is intended to predict the first ply failure (FPF), LPF, and dominant failure modes of carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy notched composite plates. In addition, the effects of mechanical properties and different stacking sequences on the propagation of damage in notched composite plates were studied. The results of the presented method were compared with experimental data previously reported in the literature. By comparing the numerical and experimental data, it is revealed that the proposed method can accurately simulate the failure propagation in notched composite plates at a low computational cost.     

Progressive mean control chart is not a special case of an exponentially weighted moving average control chart

The progressive mean (PM) statistic is based on a simple idea of accumulating information of each subgroup by calculating the average progressively. Its weighting structure is based on a subgroup number that changes arithmetically, which makes the PM chart unique and efficient compared with the existing classical memory control charts. In a recent article (see reference 1), it was claimed that the PM chart is a special case of the exponentially weighted moving average (EMWA) chart. In this article, it is shown that even though the PM statistic can be written in the form of an EWMA statistic, the variance of the PM statistic is different from that of the EWMA statistic. Consequently, the limits of the PM chart are different from that of the EWMA chart. Therefore, it is found that the PM chart is not a special case of the EWMA chart; hence, the claim in reference 1 is incorrect. Furthermore, it is pointed out in this paper that no adaptive property in the weighting parameter of the PM statistic exists, further contradicting the claim in reference 1.