浅论国内大中型磷铵装置技术改造路线的选择

简述国内磷酸二铵的建设情况及不同的生产工艺、原有磷酸二铵装置改造选用的工艺及生产情况 ,重点介绍 Incro工艺在云南红河州磷肥厂年产 12万吨磷铵装置中的改造情况 ,经过比较认为原采用预中和槽流程磷酸二铵装置增产改造时选用 Incro工艺比较合适     

Facility layout problems: A survey

Layout problems are found in several types of manufacturing systems. Typically, layout problems are related to the location of facilities (e.g., machines, departments) in a plant. They are known to greatly impact the system performance. Most of these problems are NP hard. Numerous research works related to facility layout have been published. A few literature reviews exist, but they are not recent or are restricted to certain specific aspects of these problems. The literature analysis given here is recent and not restricted to specific considerations about layout design.

We suggest a general framework to analyze the literature and present existing works using such criteria as: the manufacturing system features, static/dynamic considerations, continual/discrete representation, problem formulation, and resolution approach. Several research directions are pointed out and discussed in our conclusion.     

钢样成分化验分析结果网络传输系统的开发与应用

钢样成分化验分析结果网络传输系统将碳硫分析仪、光谱分析仪和相应的计算机控制系统按以太网络结构组联,形成"炉前分析网络",采用分析网主服务器系统软件和网络分析系统软件实现网络传输。该系统可将炉前钢样化验分析结果实时传输到炉前大屏,具有传输速度快、准确率高的特点,提高了工作效率和产品合格率,降低了生产成本。     

A load dispatch method using fractional programming and semidefinite programming

This paper describes a load dispatch method which minimizes power cost—[fuel cost]/[electric output]—for a power system with thermal plants and energy storage facilities. The proposed method employs fractional programming to convert a minimization problem with fractional objective function to a series of quadratic minimization problems, and semidefinite programming to solve converted problems. The method provides the optimum time‐dependent power output/input and storage level of energy storage facilities as well as time‐dependent power output of thermal plants. The method has been applied to a power system with five thermal plants, two energy storage facilities of various performances, and five load demands. The optimum load scheme of four time mesh points is obtained for the thermal plants and energy storage facilities. The fractional programming successfully converges the optimal scheme through a few iterations. The semidefinite programming deals with a variable matrix of 164 dimensions, and 185 inequality constraints. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 138(2): 49–58, 2002     

The summary of researches on ADS in China

The conceptual study on the accelerator driven system (ADS) that lasted for about five years ended in 1999 in China. As one project of the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) in the energy domain, which is sponsored by the China Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), a five-year-program of fundamental research of ADS physics and related technology was launched in 2000 and passed national review at the end of 2005. The China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), the Institute of Heavy Ion Physics in Peking University (PKU-IHIP) and other institutions jointly carried out the research. The research activities were focused on HPPA physics and technology, reactor physics of external source driven sub-critical assembly, nuclear data base and material study. For HPPA, a high current injector consisting of an ECR ion source, LEBT and an RFQ accelerating structure of 3.5 MeV was built. In reactor physics study, a series of neutron multiplication experimental study has been carried out and still being done. The VENUS facility has been constructed as the basic experimental platform for neutronics study in ADS blanket. It’s a zero power sub-critical neutron multiplying assembly driven by external neutron produced by a pulsed neutron generator. The theoretical, experimental and simulation study on nuclear data, material properties and nuclear fuel circulation related to ADS is carrying on to provide the database for ADS system analysis. The main results on ADS related researches will be reported.     

水电站坝下尾水渠集鱼流场模拟研究

为减缓大坝阻隔对鱼类洄游的不利影响,水电工程需要建设有效的过鱼设施疏通其洄游通道。高寒区高坝大库工程过鱼设施建设是一个极其复杂的技术问题,目前国内类似工程尚无成功运用经验。实际过鱼设施内流场条件十分复杂,会产生不利于鱼类上溯的水流形态。基于此原因,对某水电站工程坝下尾水流场进行了数值模拟。研究表明,在机组运行时,电站尾水渠左右两侧发电尾水主流的边缘是明显具有流速梯度分布的区域,符合鱼类聚集的水流特征,具备布置鱼道进口条件。这样可根据尾水位的变化开启两侧不同进口诱鱼,且在机组停运时,可开启左侧进口诱鱼。     

PLC在电石加料装置中的应用

介绍了乙炔站电石加料装置的工艺特点,采用PLC技术,提高了电石加料装置的自动化控制水平,稳定了生产。     

Conceptual design of a novel hybrid fuel cell/desalination system

A novel concept for integrating fuel cells with desalination systems is proposed and investigated in this work. Two unique case studies are discussed — the first involving a hybrid system with a reverse osmosis (RO) unit and the second — integrating with a thermal desalination process such as multi-stage flash (MSF). The underlying motivation for this system integration is that the exhaust gas from a hybrid power plant (fuel cell/turbine system) contains considerable amount of thermal energy, which may be utilized for desalination units. This exhaust heat can be suitably used for preheating the feed in desalination processes such as reverse osmosis which not only increases the potable water production, but also decreases the relative energy consumption by approximately 8% when there is an increase of just 8°C rise in temperature. Additionally, an attractive hybrid system application which combines power generation at 70%+ system efficiency with efficient waste heat utilization is thermal desalination. In this work, it is shown that the system efficiency can be raised appreciably when a high-temperature fuel cell co-generates DC power in-situ with waste heat suitable for MSF. Results indicate that such hybrid system could show a 5.6% increase in global efficiency. Such combined hybrid systems have overall system efficiencies (second-law base) exceeding those of either fuel-cell power plants or traditional desalination plants.     

玻璃钢件固化成型中变形现象的剖析

结合实例剖析由产品结构、成型工艺和工艺装备等主要因素影响的复合夹层结构玻璃钢件和实体玻璃钢件在固化成型中的变形现象，并指出了预防变形的各相应有效措施。     

数字电子技术实验教学的改革初探

数字电子技术实验是《数字电子技术基础》课程的重要组成部分,也是理论和实践相结合,培养学生实践动手能力的主要途径。本文为适应高职教育改革的新特点,对实验教学进行了改革,以课题"简易秒表计时器"为例,着重培养学生的基本操作技能,从而激发学生学习专业课程的激情。