In Vivo Electrophysiology of Peptidergic Neurons in Deep Layers of the Lumbar Spinal Cord after Optogenetic Stimulation of Hypothalamic Paraventricular Oxytocin Neurons in Rats

The spinal ejaculation generator (SEG) is located in the central gray (lamina X) of the rat lumbar spinal cord and plays a pivotal role in the ejaculatory reflex. We recently reported that SEG neurons express the oxytocin receptor and are activated by oxytocin projections from the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVH). However, it is unknown whether the SEG responds to oxytocin in vivo. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of the brain–spinal cord neural circuit that controls male sexual function using a newly developed in vivo electrophysiological technique. Optogenetic stimulation of the PVH of rats expressing channel rhodopsin under the oxytocin receptor promoter increased the spontaneous firing of most lamina X SEG neurons. This is the first demonstration of the in vivo electrical response from the deeper (lamina X) neurons in the spinal cord. Furthermore, we succeeded in the in vivo whole-cell recordings of lamina X neurons. In vivo whole-cell recordings may reveal the features of lamina X SEG neurons, including differences in neurotransmitters and response to stimulation. Taken together, these results suggest that in vivo electrophysiological stimulation can elucidate the neurophysiological response of a variety of spinal neurons during male sexual behavior.     

In vivo Targeting of DNA Vaccines to Dendritic Cells via the Mannose Receptor Induces Long-Lasting Immunity against Melanoma

Herein, we report effective, C-type lectin mannose receptor (MR)-selective, in vivo dendritic cell (DC)-targeting lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) of a novel lipid-containing mannose-mimicking di-shikimoyl- and guanidine head group and two n-hexadecyl hydrophobic tails (DSG). Subcutaneous administration of LNPs of the DSG/p-CMV-GFP complex showed a significant expression of green fluorescence protein in the CD11c⁺ DCs of the neighboring lymph nodes compared to the control LNPs of the BBG/p-CMV-GFP complex. Mannose receptor-facilitated in vivo DC-targeted vaccination (s.c.) with the electrostatic complex of LNPs of DSG/pCMV-MART1 stimulated long-lasting (270 days post B16F10 tumor challenge) antimelanoma immunity under prophylactic conditions. Remarkably, under therapeutic settings, vaccination (s.c.) with LNPs of the DSG/pCMV-MART1 complex significantly delayed melanoma growth and improved the survival of mice with melanoma. These findings demonstrate that this nonviral delivery system offers a resilient and potential approach to deliver DNA vaccines encoding tumor antigens to DCs in vivo with high efficacy.     

Direct View on the Origin of High Li+ Transfer Impedance in All-Solid-State Battery

Large interfacial resistance plays a dominant role in the performance of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. However, the mechanism of interfacial resistance has been under debate. Here, the Li⁺ transport at the interfacial region is investigated to reveal the origin of the high Li⁺ transfer impedance in a LiCoO₂(LCO)/LiPON/Pt all-solid-state battery. Both an unexpected nanocrystalline layer and a structurally disordered transition layer are discovered to be inherent to the LCO/LiPON interface. Under electrochemical conditions, the nanocrystalline layer with insufficient electrochemical stability leads to the introduction of voids during electrochemical cycles, which is the origin of the high Li⁺ transfer impedance at solid electrolyte-electrode interfaces. In addition, at relatively low temperatures, the oxygen vacancies migration in the transition layer results in the formation of Co₃O₄ nanocrystalline layer with nanovoids, which contributes to the high Li⁺ transfer impedance. This work sheds light on the mechanism for the high interfacial resistance and promotes overcoming the interfacial issues in all-solid-state batteries.     

伊拉克A油田Asmari组混积型碳酸盐岩储层隔夹层研究

伊拉克A油田Asmari组为大型混积型碳酸盐岩油藏,发育灰岩、白云岩、砂岩、泥岩和硬石膏等多种岩性,储层复杂、非均质性强,存在多种类型的隔夹层。基于岩心、薄片、测井和分析测试等资料,对研究区隔夹层类型及特征展开综合分析,识别出了泥岩、硬膏岩和泥-微晶碳酸盐岩3类隔夹层。泥岩和硬石膏致密无孔隙、基本不具有渗流能力,对流体流动可以起到阻挡作用;泥-微晶碳酸盐岩属于细粒碳酸盐岩沉积,孔隙度低,但一般裂缝较发育,具有一定渗流能力,不能对流体起到有效的隔挡作用。硬石膏主要在油田中部及北部A段发育,其对油田北部储层纵向连通起到一定隔挡作用,导致纵向压力衰竭不一致。泥岩主要在C段顶部、B4和B1层发育,平面上主要在油田南部较发育。C段顶部发育一套厚度较大、稳定分布的泥岩隔层,将C段和上部B段及A段分隔为两个独立的油水系统,并有效阻挡了C段水层锥进到B段;B4和B1层泥岩较发育,但由于油田南部区域断层和裂缝较发育,导致泥岩隔夹层未能起到有效隔挡作用。搞清研究区隔夹层类型、分布及是否起隔挡作用,对A油田各区域各小层有效动用开发、见水规律研究具有很好的指导意义。     

Hydrodynamics study of a fast liquid–liquid oxidation process with in situ gas production in microreactors

Hydrodynamics characteristics of a fast and highly exothermic liquid–liquid oxidation process with in situ gas production in microreactors were studied using a newly developed experimental method. In the adipic acid synthesis through the K/A oil (the mixture of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone) oxidation with nitric acid, bubble generation modes were divided into four categories. The gas production became more intensive, unstable, even explosive with increasing the oil phase feed rate and the temperature. A novel automatic image processing method was developed to monitor the instantaneous velocity online by tracking the gas–liquid interface. The axial velocity at the same location was unstable due to the changing gas production rate. Furthermore, the actual residence time was obtained easily with being only 36% of the space–time minimally, beneficial for establishing accurate kinetics and mass transfer models with time participation. Finally, an empirical correlation was developed to predict the actual residence time under different conditions.     

基于现代审美下的赣傩艺术元素分析与设计应用

目的 赣傩艺术元素内容丰富并保存完整,是研究我国古代赣傩地区文化与艺术的珍贵史料.研究赣傩艺术元素的提取及衍生图案的设计方法,在设计应用中表达赣傩傩面具、选取傩舞形和构筑傩庙魂,能给当代赣傩艺术元素的产品设计以指引.方法 通过直接引用、形意结合和局部强化的设计方法,增厚其丰富内涵、设计个性和主题意蕴.通过现代化审美中"绿色化、感性化、地域化"的要求,遵循"以退为进,化繁为简""多元并存,个性体现"的原则,强化赣傩艺术元素的独特风格.结论 用现代的手法,将特色的赣傩艺术元素植入到理性的产品设计中去,使赣傩艺术元素与现代设计思想有机结合.在继承传统文化与现代流行中找到契合点,深入挖掘赣傩艺术元素蕴含的文化精神、文化胸怀和文化自信,使中华传统文化在现代审美下进行创新再现.     

“高电压技术”课程线上线下混合式教学

本文采用超星学习通线上教学平台，以 “高电压技术”课程为对象，实施了规模为120余人的线上线下混合式教学。基于线上教学和传统教学的优势互补，设计了“高电压技术”多个教学环节。归纳分析了混合式教学在各个教学环节取得的效果和问题，并根据学生反馈提出了持续性的改进措施。     

基于光刀图像的机器人示教纠偏方法

为了解决机器人辅助在线检测系统示教过程中效率低、人为干预多的问题,针对孔类特征,提出一种通过处理光刀图像获取机器人位姿纠正参数的方法。在该方法中,纠偏过程按照将图像光刀线调整为水平方向、将被测特征调整至图像中央、根据不同特征调整最优扫描方向3个步骤进行。根据光刀图像可以求出测量坐标系与被测特征的位姿关系,并得到该位姿与理想测量位姿的偏差。经过坐标变换即可得到在机器人基坐标系下的调整参数。另外,可利用电脑控制机器人运动,从而实现了纠偏过程的自动化。实验结果表明,该方法可将初始的示教位姿修正为理想位姿,且比传统方式效率更高。     

OBE-CDIO理念下“集成电路版图分析与设计”课程教学改革与探索

针对目前集成电路版图分析与设计课程存在教学方法老化、教学模式形式化等问题,本文以OBE-CDIO教育理念为指导,对”集成电路版图分析与设计”课程的课程教学模式、课程设计、项目式教学方式和课程考核方式等方面的改革进行有益的探索与实践。将工程教学认证中对学生的专业毕业要求作为制定教学目标的依据,将BB网络平台、ISO9001等现代化教学资源和质量标准融入课堂教学,采用OBE-CDIO能力教学理念指导课程设计,实现教学环节与考核环节的科学化与多元化,通过引入课程思政激发学生学习热情,树立社会主义核心价值观,全面地培养学生的综合版图分析与设计能力和素养。