国产陶瓷膜清洗方法的探讨

本文结合生产实际 ,介绍陶膜的清洗工艺 ,并通过比较试验获得优化的清洗方案。     

菠萝蛋白酶三种生产工艺的比较

介绍了菠萝蛋白酶三种生产工艺 ,并通过比较 ,指出用超滤浓缩有机溶剂提取所得到的菠萝蛋白酶产品质量好 ,对环境污染最小 ,酶活力可达 5 .6 2× 10 6U/g,酶粉得率比高岭土工艺高出 47% ,可以实现清洁生产。     

Solids Extraction of Cod Frame and Effects on Ultrafiltration of the Aqueous Extract

Grinding, pH adjustment, heat treatment and centrifugation were studied to recover solids from ground cod frames and to apply ultrafiltration (UF) to the resulting aqueous phase. Early heat treatment (90°C/20 min) dissolved collagen into aqueous phase resulting in a very low UF flux. A pH adjustment to 4.5 after grinding (～0.32 cm die), with no heat resulted in efficient separation after centrifuging. UF of the aqueous phase showed an increase in initial flux (23 L/hr m²). However, when the same aqueous material was heated and then centrifuged (1–2% solids removed), UF flux was further increased to 46 L/hr m²and this process gave highest solids recovery (90%).     

醋酸纤维素—纤维素增强膜的结构特征和分离性能

本文描述了醋酸纤维素－纤维素大孔增强超滤膜的结构特征一分离性能之间的关系。详细论述了膜材料含量和粘连剂含量及其分子量对膜结构和性能的影响。论述了不同配方铸膜液的膜，其孔径，水通量和截留率随操作压力的变化规律。实验证明这种高强度的ＣＡＣ膜经多次重复使用后，其结构性能保持完好。     

超滤在明胶生产中的应用

本文研究了超滤在明胶生产中的应用,超滤作为初级浓缩是可行的。同时,对超滤设备、超滤膜与工艺条件作了讨论。     

低截留分子质量新型聚芳醚腈酮超滤膜的研制

以新型聚芳醚腈酮为膜材料 ,以N -甲基 - 2 -吡咯烷酮 (NMP)为溶剂 ,研究了聚合物浓度、添加剂种类及含量、凝胶浴温度等对超滤膜性能的影响。结果表明 ,聚合物质量分数以 1 2 %～ 1 3 %为合适的制膜浓度 ,以聚乙二醇PEG - 4 0 0为添加剂时获得了高截留率和高水通量的超滤膜。随着凝胶浴温度的升高 ,水通量明显增大 ,而截留率有所下降 ,而共聚物的浓度增加则有相反的效果。制得的超滤膜具有较低的截留分子量 (PEG- 2 0 0 0 ) ,将制得的超滤膜用于达旦黄、黄X-G等染料的分离 ,截留率均达 90 %以上     

蛋白质在超滤过程中的膜污染和膜清洗

本文选用四种不同的膜清洗剂对牛血清蛋白溶液超滤后污染的三种超滤膜进行研究，结果表明：在蛋白质的等电点取得在不同ＰＨ值下蛋白质对膜污染的最佳清洗效果，清洗效率与蛋白质的所荷电荷有关。采用适宜的清洗过程将会延长膜使用寿命和增强超滤膜性能。     

甜菊糖甙超滤的应用研究

本文主要描述不同分子量的ＰＡＮ和ＣＡ膜净化甜菊糖甙，超滤后的甜菊糖甙较好地解决了生产中所出现的沉淀和起泡问题，并对新旧工艺进行对比和评价。     

高黏度头孢菌素C发酵液的超滤研究

利用新型的板式超滤系统对高黏度头孢菌素C发酵液进行了澄清实验研究,通过实验数据与现有系统的运行数据对比,该系统基本解决了目前国内头孢菌素C发酵液超滤提纯中存在的主要过滤问题.     

A New Method for Identifying Osmotically Limited and Gel Layer Controlled Pressure Independent Flux in Ultrafiltration

An unequivocal determination of whether pressure independent flux regime is osmotically controlled or gel layer dominated, is still open for discussion in the membrane literature. The present work reports a method that could be used to address this issue. It is shown that analysis of post steady state transient filtration data leads to clear demarcation of osmotically limited and gel layer controlled filtration. The method proposed in this work can also be used to estimate the additional filtration resistance offered by the polarization layer to the permeate flow in macromolecular ultrafiltration and has been verified experimentally. It has also been shown that the polarization layer thickness is not sensitive to the feed pressure but varies as a function of the bulk solute concentration; higher the bulk concentration, thicker is the polarization layer.