首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   12867篇
  免费   1488篇
  国内免费   1103篇
电工技术   268篇
综合类   1364篇
化学工业   1289篇
金属工艺   1747篇
机械仪表   929篇
建筑科学   1905篇
矿业工程   428篇
能源动力   261篇
轻工业   837篇
水利工程   445篇
石油天然气   332篇
武器工业   150篇
无线电   945篇
一般工业技术   3219篇
冶金工业   753篇
原子能技术   85篇
自动化技术   501篇
  2024年   61篇
  2023年   215篇
  2022年   319篇
  2021年   430篇
  2020年   490篇
  2019年   460篇
  2018年   440篇
  2017年   571篇
  2016年   587篇
  2015年   544篇
  2014年   668篇
  2013年   831篇
  2012年   887篇
  2011年   932篇
  2010年   677篇
  2009年   772篇
  2008年   735篇
  2007年   798篇
  2006年   718篇
  2005年   633篇
  2004年   540篇
  2003年   461篇
  2002年   370篇
  2001年   344篇
  2000年   324篇
  1999年   263篇
  1998年   221篇
  1997年   191篇
  1996年   157篇
  1995年   163篇
  1994年   110篇
  1993年   101篇
  1992年   110篇
  1991年   68篇
  1990年   60篇
  1989年   58篇
  1988年   33篇
  1987年   23篇
  1986年   15篇
  1985年   18篇
  1984年   11篇
  1983年   9篇
  1982年   10篇
  1981年   10篇
  1980年   9篇
  1979年   5篇
  1977年   2篇
  1964年   1篇
  1958年   1篇
  1955年   1篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Optical studies of residual strain in cadmium telluride (CdTe) films grown using molecular beam epitaxy on gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate have been performed using photoreflectance techniques. Measurements have been conducted to determine the fundamental transition energy, heavy-hole and light-hole transition energy critical-point parameters in a range of temperatures between 12 and 300 K. There are problems inherent in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices using high-quality CdTe films, due to strain effects resulting from both the lattice mismatch (CdTe: 14.6%) and the thermal expansion coefficient difference. The CdTe film exhibits compressive stress causing valence-band splitting for light and heavy holes. We have used different models to fit the obtained experimental data and, although the critical thickness for the CdTe has been surpassed, the strain due to the lattice mismatch is still significant. However, the strain due to the thermal expansion is dominant. We have found that the fundamental transition energy, E0, is affected by the compressive strain and the characteristic values are smaller than those reported. In addition, the total strain is compressive for the full measured range, since the strain due to the lattice mismatch is one order of magnitude higher than that calculated from the thermal expansion.  相似文献   
2.
3.
Rheological properties of MR fluids under large step strain shear are presented in this paper. The experiments were carried out using a rheometer with parallel-plate geometry. Under the large step strain shear, MR fluids behave as nonlinear viscoelastic properties, where the stress relaxation modulus, G(tγ), shows a decreasing trend with step strain. The experimental results indicate that G(tγ) obeys time-strain separability. Thus, a mathematical form based on finite exponential serials is proposed to predict MR behavior. In this model, G(tγ) is represented as the product of a linear stress relaxation, G(t), and the damping function, h(γ), i.e. G(tγ)=G(t) h(γ). G(t) is simply represented as a three-parameter exponential serial and h(γ) has a sigmoidal form with two parameters. The parameters are identified by adopting an efficient optimization method proposed by Stango et al. The comparison between the experimental results and the model-predicted values indicates that this mathematical model can accurately predict MR behavior.  相似文献   
4.
Polyvinylalcohol (PVA) polymer gel is a temperature sensitive polymeric gel, with a critical transition temperature (with H2O) of 310 K. At higher than 310 K, this temperature sensitive polymer gel shrinks because of discharging water, whereas at lower temperatures, the gel swelled because of absorbing water. The reversibility of the gel's volume change was confirmed by temperature swing. The adsorption behavior of an organic compound onto the PVA polymer gel in water was tested at various temperatures. The amount of adsorbed organic compound increased remarkably at temperatures higher than about 310 K. Then, it was confirmed that the organic compound in PVA polymer gel could be reversibly adsorbed and desorbed by a temperature change between 293 and 323 K. The mechanism of adsorption of the organic compound onto the PVA polymer gel could be explained by hydration and dehydration of polymer gel.  相似文献   
5.
In the present study first‐order shear deformable shell finite elements based on general curvilinear co‐ordinates are proposed. For the development of the present shell elements, a partial mixed variational functional with independently assumed strains is provided in order to avoid the severe locking troubles known as transverse shear and membrane lockings. Bubble functions are included in the shape function of displacement to improve the performance of the developed element. The proposed assumed strain four‐ and nine‐node elements based on the general tensor shell theory provide an efficient linkage framework for shell surface modelling and finite element analysis. In the several benchmark problems, the present shell elements with exact geometric representations demonstrate their performance compared to previously reported results. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
6.
Multifilament Ag-sheathed BiPbSrCaCuO (2223) superconducting tapes containing 49 filaments were fabricated by the powder-in-tube route and the roll-anneal process. The transport critical current densityJ c was 1.3×104 A cm–2 at 77 K and 7×104 A cm–2 at 4.2 K in self-field. A 12-m-long tape was used to construct superconducting solenoids (50, 28, and 14 mm internal diameters) generating dc fields 380–1070 G at 4.2 K. Measurements of the variation ofJ c with field (0–1.6 T) and bend strain (0–5%) are used to explain the performance of the solenoids. The critical bend strain of tapes was about 1.5%.  相似文献   
7.
On the basis of generalization of the results of investigation of the operation of rodlike elements of composite materials, we make a conclusion that the influence of various factors on the deformability of these elements is studied incompletely. The comparison of the stress-strain states for different models of concrete and reinforced-concrete elements makes it possible to describe the effect of longitudinal reinforcement (coefficient of reinforcement, strength and deformation characteristics) on the critical level of strains in the cross section. According to the results of our investigations, we give recommendations concerning the evaluation of the critical value of the coefficient of reinforcement above which one may observe the effect of reinforcement on the deformability of the analyzed sections. It is shown that the compression strength of the brittle base of the composite with inhomogeneous structure decreases as a result of the fracture processes. It is also demonstrated that the existing procedure used for the evaluation of the indicated decrease in strength requires significant improvement. The problem of evaluation of the ultimate value of the coefficient of reinforcement is also analyzed.  相似文献   
8.
B. Bereqvist 《Strain》1987,23(1):7-13
The design and performance of precision bending equipment for testing straight beams with constant rectangular section under a pure bending moment is described. Part 1 deals with the loading arrangements and Part 2 with the rig for measuring beam deflection. The methods for recording deflection of strain gauges applied on the beam have been described elsewhere.1–4
The reactions to the deadweight gravity loads are taken via ball bearings. The total bending moment inaccuracy, i.e. the sum of estimated systematic errors and random errors, the latter expressed as the 2Ga confidence interval about the mean (2Gcim), is about ± 25 x. 10-4%, for 23 tests with a steel beam with 15 mm × 75 mm cross sectional dimensions, loaded to 1-1.5 mm/m strain.
The measuring rig stands on the beam via hardened and polished spherical segment feet and uses a capacitive transducer system with less than 5nm resolution. Various application tasks are described. The total inaccuracy of the measured deflection, i.e. apart from bending moment inaccuracy, is about ± 35 times 104% for about 10 reproduced, not repeated, tests with the same steel beam. The deflection for such a beam is of the order of 2 to 4 mm.  相似文献   
9.
We have developed a mutant strain derived from Agrobacterium sp. ATCC 31750, which produces a water-soluble polysaccharide having potential utility to the food, feed, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. A high concentration of product (15 g/L) is obtained by 48 h cultivation of the mutant strain under optimized fermentation conditions. The water-soluble polysaccharide obtained from cultures of the mutant strain beta82 has Glc:Man:Gal in approximate molar ratios of 5.8:6.7:1.0. The molecular weight of the polysaccharide was determined to be approximately 1000 kDa by HPSEC analysis. Linkage analysis contained 3-Glcp, 3-Manp, terminal Glcp and terminal Manp, as well as a small proportion of 3- and 3,4-Galp, and 4,6-Manp residues. Based on analyses using FT-IR and 13C NMR spectrometers, most glycosidic bonds joining these sugar residues are of the α-type, and acetyl groups are apparently attached to the polymer chain at random.  相似文献   
10.
为了制备偏振不灵敏的半导体光放大器(SOA),将有源区设计为由4个压应变、3个张应变阱层及晶格匹配的垒层InGaAsP交替组合而成的应变补偿结构。器件做成带有倾角的扇形脊形波导结构,避免了常规制作SOA的复杂工艺。对样品3在80~125mA电流范围内,获得了偏振灵敏度≤0.6dB.最小可达0.1dB;较大的电流范围内FWHM值为40nm。  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号