某工业园区污水处理厂升级改造工程案例分析

以河北某园区污水处理厂提标改造工程为研究对象,通过对污水厂来水组成调研、取样、化验分析、试验,确定水解酸化+MBR+臭氧催化氧化组合工艺为主要设计方案.根据调试及运行结果,MBR组合工艺系统运行稳定,出水达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)地表水Ⅳ类标准(除TN外),根据长期实际运行效果,出水CODCr≤30 mg/L、氨氮≤1 mg/L、TN≤10 mg/L、TP≤10 mg/L,SS≤0.7 mg/L,出水回用于当地景观水体.本项目的设计与实施为类似工业园区污水处理厂尤其是存在较高难降解有机物、TN去除率要求高的污水厂提标改造提供了参考经验.     

Exosomes derived from osteoclasts under compression stress inhibit osteoblast differentiation

Orthodontic tooth movement is triggered by orthodontic force loading on the periodontal ligament and is achieved by alveolar bone remodeling, which is regulated by intimate crosstalk between osteoclastogenesis and osteoblast differentiation. Whether the communication between osteoclasts and osteoblasts is influenced by orthodontic compression stress requires further clarification. In this study, osteoclasts were differentiated for 10 days. On day 4 of differentiation, the number of pre-osteoclasts peaked, as determined by the increased expression of RANK and the number of multinucleated cells. After 24 h of compression stress loading, on day 4, the number of osteoclasts increased, and the optimal magnitude of stress to promote osteoclastogenesis was determined as 1 g/cm2. Moreover, the results of RNA-sequencing analysis showed that the miRNA expression profile changed markedly after compression loading and that many of the altered miRNAs were associated with cell communication functions. A series of indirect co-culture experiments showed an inhibitory effect of osteoclasts on osteoblast differentiation, especially after compression. Next, we added osteoclast-derived exosomes to hPDLSCs during osteoblast differentiation. Exosomes derived from osteoclasts under compression (cEXO) showed a greater inhibitory effect on osteoblast differentiation, compared to exosomes from osteoclasts without compression (EXO). Therefore, we analyzed differentially expressed miRNAs associated with bone development functions in exosomes: miR-223-5p and miR-181a-5p were downregulated, whereas miR-133a-3p, miR-203a-3p, miR-106a-5p, and miR-331-3p were upregulated; these altered expressions may explain the enhanced inhibitory effect of compression stress.     

基于分形理论的黄河内蒙古段河势演变特征及其与凌汛灾害关联研究

寒区河道凌汛灾害河势“弯道效应”的量化评估十分重要。基于分形理论提出河道横断面-纵剖面-平面多维度河势分形维数计算方法及其物理机制，并探讨黄河内蒙古段不同维度河势演变分形特征及其与凌汛灾害的关联关系。结果表明，黄河内蒙古段不同维度河势均具有多尺度自相似分形特征，且具有多年记忆周期的长程相关性；冰坝（严重性冰塞）发生频次与河道主槽弯曲分形维数呈正相关指数型函数关系，与河相系数、深泓点高程和河段平均底坡分形维数负相关，与水深-面积分形维数正相关，总体表明冰坝灾害更易发生于主槽偏移摆动大、蜿蜒曲折、河湾发育程度高的宽浅型弯曲河道，研究成果可为凌汛期冰塞冰坝灾害易发河段诊断及预测提供重要理论依据。     

智能建造技术协同创新主体互动关系研究

文章分析智能建造技术创新主体的特点，界定并划分智能建造技术协同创新主体互动关系的范畴和类别，建立智能建造协同创新的多方演化博弈模型，揭示智能建造技术协同创新主体互动关系。主要结论为：①智能建造技术协同创新呈现级联性、函数性、动态平衡性、不确定性和指数性特征；②智能建造技术协同创新主体互动关系分为同质性的内部主体互动和异质性的内部主体与外部主体互动，表现出利益共生、成长进化和共享协同的特征；③创新主体之间的互动行为有利于对创新资源进行有效配置，推动智能建造技术的应用。     

深基坑地下连续墙的无扰动综合施工技术

结合工程实践,从施工信息化、降水模拟分析、既有建筑保护、无扰动切除钢绞线、施工监测等方面,总结出深基坑地下连续墙无扰动综合施工技术.该综合施工技术应用后,周边监测点的不均匀沉降及变形均控制在2 mm内,为邻近既有地铁的城市新建工程提供了一定的参考价值.     

Btk/JAK3双靶点共价抑制剂的设计、合成及其活性研究

布鲁顿式酪氨酸激酶(Btk)和两面神激酶3(JAK3)均是自身免疫性疾病和血液系统恶性肿瘤的潜力靶标。以4-氯吡咯并嘧啶为原料,经7步反应合成了一系列7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-胺衍生物,其结构经¹HNMR、¹³CNMR和MS(ESI)分析证实。体外依次考察了所得化合物分别对Btk和JAK3激酶的活性、以及对部分B淋巴细胞瘤细胞系的抗增殖活性。结果表明,四氢吡咯烷基取代的衍生物NB1~4对Btk(IC₅₀<3 nmol/L)和JAK3(IC₅₀<165 nmol/L)均能有效抑制,其余化合物只对Btk显示抑制效果;而且NB2和NB4对所测试的多种B细胞淋巴瘤细胞系的抗增殖活性均优于阳性对照泛激酶抑制剂依鲁替尼及Btk单靶点抑制剂。其中,对Jeko-1细胞的抑制能力最佳(IC₅₀<3μmol/L),其次是OCI-LYI(IC₅₀<4μmol/L)、SUDHL-6(IC₅₀<6μmol/L)和HBL-1^*(IC₅₀<6.5μmol/L),最差为SUDHL-4细胞(IC₅₀<11μmol/L)。这些发现可为开发B细胞淋巴瘤的多靶点药物提供新的思路。     

甲哌鎓的合成新方法

以哌啶为原料,与多聚甲醛反应,然后雷尼镍催化加氢,再经过精馏脱水得到N-甲基哌啶,然后N-甲基哌啶与氯甲烷反应得到甲哌鎓,收率达到95％.探索了温度、压力、原材料、溶剂等对甲哌鎓收率的影响.     

温度对黑豆皮活性成分、抗氧化和抗肿瘤活性的影响

在不同温度下用蒸馏水浸提黑豆皮,测定了黑豆皮提取物中总黄酮、总酚、花青素、碳水化合物、蛋白质、糖醛酸等6种活性成分的含量,并体外评估了其抗氧化活性和抗肿瘤活性.结果表明,90℃浸提时,黑豆皮提取物中的总黄酮、总酚、蛋白质、糖醛酸含量最高,分别为(11.555±0.160)％、(1.454±0.070)％、(13.096±0.600)％、(21.587±1.570)％;花青素含量在80℃浸提时达到最高,为(0.199±0.003)％;而碳水化合物的含量则在100℃浸提时达到最高,为(65.566±1.448)％.随着黑豆皮提取物浓度的增加,其总还原能力和对DPPH自由基的清除能力逐渐增强且呈线性关系;黑豆皮提取物具有抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的作用,能够有效抑制人胃腺癌细胞株(BGC-823)、宫颈癌细胞株(HeLa)和人大细胞肺癌细胞株(NCI-H460)的增殖且呈浓度依赖关系.表明黑豆皮提取物具有成为功能性保健品的潜能,为其产业化开发奠定了重要基础.     

Unconditional stability and error estimates of the modified characteristics FEMs for the time-dependent incompressible MHD equations

This paper focuses on the unconditional stability and convergence of characteristics type methods for the time-dependent incompressible MHD equations. For this purpose, we introduce a new characteristics time-discrete system. The optimal error estimates in $L^2$ and $H^1$ norms for the typical modified characteristics finite element method unconditionally can be deduced, while the whole previous works require certain time-step restrictions. Some numerical experiments document performance of the characteristics type methods for the time-dependent incompressible MHD equations.