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1.
Bin Zhang Alexander K. Nguyen Roger J. Narayan Jie Huang 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2022,105(3):1821-1840
Novel inks were formulated by dissolving polycaprolactone (PCL), a hydrophobic polymer, in organic solvent systems; polyethylene oxide (PEO) was incorporated to extend the range of hydrophilicity of the system. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) with a weight ratio of 55–85% was added to the polymer-based solution to mimic the material composition of natural bone tissue. The direct ink writing (DIW) technique was applied to extrude the formulated inks to fabricate the predesigned tissue scaffold structures; the influence of HAp concentration was investigated. The results indicate that in comparison to other inks containing HAp (55%, 75%, and 85%w/w), the ink containing 65% w/w HAp had faster ink recovery behavior; the fabricated scaffold had a rougher surface as well as better mechanical properties and wettability. It is noted that the 65% w/w HAp concentration is similar to the inorganic composition of natural bone tissue. The elastic modulus values of PCL/PEO/HAp scaffolds were in the range of 4–12 MPa; the values were dependent on the HAp concentration. Furthermore, vancomycin as a model drug was successfully encapsulated in the PCL/PEO/HAp composite scaffold for drug release applications. This paper presents novel drug-loaded PCL/PEO/HAp inks for 3D scaffold fabrication using the DIW printing technique for potential bone scaffold applications. 相似文献
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《工程爆破》2022,(1):4-7
应用运动学、动力学理论建立建(构)筑物控爆坍落过程的力学模型,进而研究在非定常约束条件下坍落结构的力学特征。首次提出了采用延时起爆技术时,非自由质点系及其广义坐标应是建立在每一段位上的瞬间虚位移。在此基础上,分析求解运动过程中时控单元的质点自由度,为精确选定爆破部位及时序提供了设计理论和计算依据。同时,结合振动理论,将控爆时差、结构载荷分布调制为振动系统,形成坍落结构梁板单元的强迫振动,充分实现在运动中进一步解体、破碎其自身结构,并形成具有明显缓冲效果的下落过程。应用实践结果证明力学分析是正确的,为工程结构爆破拆除计算机辅助设计及动态模拟技术的有效应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
4.
Dr. Ying Wang Prof. Dr. Andrew Ewing 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2021,22(5):807-813
Exocytosis plays an essential role in the communication between cells in the nervous system. Understanding the regulation of neurotransmitter release during exocytosis and the amount of neurotransmitter content that is stored in vesicles is of importance, as it provides fundamental insights to understand how the brain works and how neurons elicit a certain behavior. In this minireview, we summarize recent progress in amperometric measurements for monitoring exocytosis in single cells and electrochemical cytometry measurements of vesicular neurotransmitter content in individual vesicles. Important steps have increased our understanding of the different mechanisms of exocytosis. Increasing evidence is firmly establishing that partial release is the primary mechanism of release in multiple cell types. 相似文献
5.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(22):33361-33372
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been increasingly used as synthetic bone substitutes for repair and regeneration of bone defects given their biocompatibility, resemblance to bone and malleability. Moreover, their use as local antibiotic delivery systems is of main interest against bone infections, avoiding the adverse effects of high dosages of conventional therapy. The main goals of this work were to improve the properties of a commercial CPC (Neocement®), turning it injectable, and to provide it with a new functionality as a drug delivery system able to ensure a sustained release of an antibiotic commonly used in orthopaedics (gentamicin sulphate, GS). For this, the influence of the liquid phase amount (%LP) and type of polymer contained in the formulation (chitosan, Chi, or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, HPMC) on the basic properties of the material was evaluated. It was found that the formulation containing 42%LP + HPMC+1.87% wt GS was the best one. It showed suitable setting and mechanical properties, and injectability around 87% (much superior to the original Neocement®, with 31%). It ensured a sustained release of GS for at least 14 days, at antibacterial levels. The antibiotic released is highly effective against S. epidermidis, but also presents some antibacterial activity against S. aureus. The CPC revealed to be non-cytotoxic. Moreover, it demonstrated good flowability and connectivity with human cadaveric trabecular bone. 相似文献
6.
A comparative study on pyrolysis reactivity and gas release characteristics of biomass and coal using TG-MS analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Juntao Wei Xia Liu Qinghua Guo Xueli Chen 《Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects》2018,40(17):2063-2069
Pyrolysis reactivity and gas release characteristics of biomass and coals were comparatively investigated using TG-MS. In addition, chemical compositions and structures of tested samples were determined to correlate pyrolysis gas release characteristic. It was found that pyrolysis reactivity and gaseous product release were hardly varied with pyrolysis heating rate. Furthermore, pyrolysis rates of two biomass samples were greater than those of coals, which were mainly attributed to the chemical compositions and the gaseous product evolution process. The result also showed that gaseous product release during pyrolysis process was related to the presence of different functional groups in samples. 相似文献
7.
为解决深部矿井低透气性煤层瓦斯抽采难题,针对穿层钻孔提出了高压水射流环切割缝煤层自卸压增透技术。通过瓦斯流动理论分析普通钻孔及环割钻孔瓦斯流动模式,分别建立了普通钻孔及环割钻孔瓦斯流动微分方程,获得了高压水射流环切割缝自卸压技术改善煤层瓦斯流动机制;采用FLAC3D软件建模分析高压水射流割缝后钻孔周边煤体应力演化规律,基于煤体卸压程度及塑性区分布特征,确定了穿层钻孔合理化割缝参数;通过底板穿层钻孔高压水射流环切割缝技术现场考察,环切割缝后煤层变形量达到0.136%,煤层透气性系数较原始状态提高了42倍,瓦斯抽采纯量相较普通钻孔提高3.44~5.32倍,同等条件下煤层抽采半径提高了1倍以上。理论研究与现场试验均表明,采用高压水射流切割在煤层内部形成环形缝槽,能有效改善钻孔煤体应力状态,增加煤层渗透性,提高瓦斯抽采效率。 相似文献
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将紫薯花青素和纳米二氧化钛掺入聚乙烯醇中,通过溶液流延法制备聚乙烯醇活性薄膜。以紫薯花青素主要成分之一的矢车菊素衡量薄膜中紫薯花青素的释放规律,研究了聚乙烯醇活性薄膜中矢车菊素和纳米二氧化钛向含水食品模拟液、酸性食品模拟液、亲酯性食品模拟液和油性食品模拟液中的释放规律,并基于Fickian+一级动力学模型对试验数据进行拟合表征。研究结果表明:对比4种食品模拟液,聚乙烯醇活性薄膜中矢车菊素和纳米二氧化钛的扩散系数和释放比,在油性食品模拟液中最高,扩散系数分别达到5×10~(-11),1.29×10~(-13) cm~2/s,释放比分别达到0.966和0.357,然后依次为亲酯性食品模拟液和酸性食品模拟液,在含水食品模拟液中的扩散系数和释放比最低,扩散系数分别为1.34×10~(-11),0.85×10~(-13) cm~2/s,释放比分别降至0.25和0.121。聚乙烯醇活性薄膜中矢车菊素和纳米二氧化钛向4种食品模拟液中的释放规律能够用Fickian+一级动力学模型进行表征,且拟合精度R~2均达到0.98以上。通过Fickian+一级动力学模型拟合的4种食品模拟液中矢车菊素和纳米二氧化钛的释放曲线整体变化趋势相似,均呈先快速上升后逐渐平缓的趋势。 相似文献
10.
Shuangjiang Feng Shuxue Wang Yuanfei Lv Lei He Qiurong Li Tao Zhang 《Polymer International》2019,68(3):494-502
Hydrogels have been widely used as mild biomaterials due to their bio‐affinity, high drug loading capability and controllable release profiles. However, hydrogel‐based carriers are greatly limited for the delivery of hydrophobic payloads due to the lack of hydrophobic binding sites. Herein, nano‐liposome micelles were embedded in semi‐interpenetrating poly[(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐co‐chitosan] (PNIPAAm‐co‐CS) and poly[(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐co‐(sodium alginate)] (PNIPAAm‐co‐SA) hydrogels which were responsive to both temperature and pH, thereby establishing tunable nanocomposite hydrogel delivery systems. Nano‐micelles formed via the self‐assembly of phospholipid could serve as the link between hydrophobic drug and hydrophilic hydrogel due to their special amphiphilic structure. The results of transmission and scanning electron microscopies and infrared spectroscopy showed that the porous hydrogels were successfully fabricated and the liposomes encapsulated with baicalein could be well contained in the network. In addition, the experimental results of response release in vitro revealed that the smart hydrogels showed different degree of sensitiveness under different pH and temperature stimuli. The results of the study demonstrate that combining PNIPAAm‐co‐SA and PNIPAAm‐co‐CS hydrogels with liposomes encapsulated with hydrophobic drugs is a feasible method for hydrophobic drug delivery and have potential application prospects in the medical field. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献