双波长褪色分光光度法测定盐酸美西律

建立了一种快速、灵敏测定药物中盐酸美西律的双波长分光光度法。在弱碱性溶液中,虎红与盐酸美西律反应生成离子缔合物,使溶液发生褪色现象,光谱曲线上呈现2个较强的负吸收峰,它们分别位于472和560 nm,在此2个波长处,盐酸美西律的线性范围为0.04~2.6 mg/L,表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)分别为5.87×10⁴(472 nm)和3.59×10⁴ L/(mol·cm)(560 nm),检出限为0.033(472 nm)和0.035 mg/L(560 nm)。用双波长法测定时,其表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)达9.46×10⁴ L/(mol·cm),检出限为0.017 mg/L。双波长法用于盐酸美西律药片测定,加标回收率为97.7%~103%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.2%~2.6%。     

Facile development,characterization, and optimization of new metformin-loaded nanocarrier system for efficient colon cancer adjunct therapy

Purpose: Metformin hydrochloride (MF) repurposing as adjuvant anticancer therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) proved effective. Several studies attempted to develop MF-loaded nanoparticles (NPs), however the entrapment efficiency (EE%) was poor. Thus, the present study aimed at the facile development of a new series of chitosan (CS)-based semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) NPs incorporating Pluronic^® nanomicelles as nanocarriers for enhanced entrapment and sustained release of MF for efficient treatment of CRC.

Methods: The NPs were prepared by ionic gelation and subsequently characterized using FTIR, DSC, TEM, and DLS. A full factorial design was also adopted to study the effect of various formulation variables on EE%, particle size, and zeta-potential of NPs.

Results: NPs had a spherical shape and a mean particle size ranging between 135 and 220?nm. FTIR and DSC studies results were indicative of successful ionic gelation with the drug being dispersed in its amorphous form within CS-Pluronic^® matrix. Maximum EE% reaching 57.00?±?12.90% was achieved using Pluronic^®-123 based NPs. NPs exhibited a sustained release profile over 48?h. The MF-loaded NPs sensitized RKO CRC cells relative to drug alone.

Conclusion: The reported results highlighted the novel utility of the developed NPs in the arena of colon cancer treatment.     

Solid dispersion adsorbate technique for improved dissolution and flow properties of lurasidone hydrochloride: characterization using 32 factorial design

The aim of the present study was to improve the dissolution and flow properties of lurasidone hydrochloride (LH) by solid dispersion adsorbate (SDA) technique. Solid dispersions (SDs) of LH were prepared by fusion method using Poloxamer P188. The melt dispersion was adsorbed onto the porous carrier Florite (calcium silicate). A 3² factorial design was employed to quantify the effect of two independent variables, namely ratio of carrier (Poloxamer 188) and LH in SD and ratio of adsorbent (Florite) to SD. SDA granules of LH were studied for flow properties and characterized using differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Tablets of optimized composition of SDA granules (equivalent to 20?mg of drug) and plain tablets were prepared by direct compression method. The dissolution studies were carried out in Mcllvaine buffer (pH 3.8) as per USFDA guidelines and characterized for parameters such as percent dissolution efficiency, t₅₀, and Q₃₀. Tablets prepared from SDA granules showed almost four-fold increase in cumulative percentage drug release as compared to tablets prepared from plain LH. The value of dissolution efficiency was enhanced from 49.60% for plain tablets to 94.15% for SDA tablets. SDA granules did not show any change in drug release and X-ray diffraction pattern after storage at 40?°C/75% of RH for 3?months, which confirms that Florite prevented conversion of drug from amorphous form to crystalline form improving physical stability of the amorphous state of LH.     

氧化石墨烯杂化分子印迹复合膜制备及性能研究

采用改进的Hummers法，通过冷冻干燥制备了氧化石墨烯(GO)。以辛弗林盐酸盐为模板分子，水溶性的丙烯酰胺为功能单体，离子液体(溴代1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑)为致孔剂，把GO加入聚合液中，制备了GO杂化的分子印迹复合膜(GO-MIM)。利用透射电镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射和红外光谱等方法对GO及GO-MIM进行了表征。通过将分子印迹膜技术与GO相结合，明显提高了分子印迹膜的力学性能。吸附及渗透实验表明，GO-MIM可在纯水溶剂体系，对辛弗林盐酸盐具有很好的选择性吸附能力和优先透过能力，体现了明显的分子印迹效果。     

磁性生物炭非均相类Fenton体系去除水中四环素

采用先浸渍后热解的方法制备了磁性生物炭材料,并使用XRD、XPS、VSM对制备的材料进行了表征。结果表明,制备的磁性生物炭主要的活性物质为γ-Fe2O3。采用磁性生物炭非均相类Fenton体系处理水中四环素(TC),当初始TC质量浓度为200 mg/L,pH=7,H2O2投加量为19.8 mmol/L,磁性生物炭投加量为3 g/L时,处理效果最佳。加入抗坏血酸可以加速铁循环过程,明显改善·OH的生成,进而增强了TC去除率。     

劲骨胶囊功效成分鉴别及其盐酸氨基葡萄糖含量测定

目的对劲骨胶囊功效成分进行鉴别并对其主要的功效成分盐酸氨基葡萄糖的含量进行测定。方法采用化学反应法、薄层色谱法(thin-layer chromatography,TLC)及高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)鉴别功效成分及测定盐酸氨基葡萄糖含量。结果样品和盐酸氨基葡萄糖对照品与碱性酒石酸铜试液反应生成红色Cu_2O沉淀,与硝酸银试液反应生成白色絮状AgCl沉淀,与茚三酮试液反应生成蓝紫色溶液,在薄层色谱相应位置上生成深红色斑点。样品和芍药苷对照品在薄层色谱相应位置上生成蓝紫色斑点。样品和碳酸钙对照品与稀盐酸试液反应产生CO_2气体,与草酸铵试液反应生成白色CaC204沉淀。样品和维生素K_1对照品及样品和维生素D_3对照品高效液相色谱峰保留时间一致。所有阴性样品都无上述反应。通过高效液相色谱法测定样品中盐酸氨基葡萄糖含量,线性范围为96～1200μg/mL,相关系数为0.9999,方法检测限1.2μg/mL,精密度为0.72%,回收率为99.78%～100.40%。对连续3批样品盐酸氨基葡萄糖的含量进行测定,含量分别为64.94 g/100 g、64.25 g/100 g及65.12 g/100 g,相对标准偏差为0.48%。结论这种鉴别和含量测定方法专属性强、重现性好、灵敏度高,可管控产品质量,适合应用于劲骨胶囊功效成分鉴别及盐酸氨基葡萄糖含量测定工作中。     

硫杆菌的化学诱变及对低品位黄铜矿的浸出

用盐酸羟胺将氧化铁硫杆菌优势菌(T、f菌)化学诱变后对低品位黄铜矿进行细菌浸出，结果表明，盐酸羟胺化学诱变能够使T．f菌产生较明显的变异，能较好地提高菌种的活性和对低品位黄铜矿的牛物浸出性能。经盐酸羟胺化学诱变，T．f诱变菌的活性比原始T．f菌提高了57．4％，对黄铜矿的浸出率提高了11．5％，达到浸出终点的时间比原始T．f菌减少了5～10d。     

Cleaning capacity of octenidine as root canal irrigant: A scanning electron microscopy study

The aim of this study was to assess the cleaning capacity of the octenidine hydrochloride (OCT) used as root canal irrigant by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Sixty human unirradicular extracted teeth were randomly distributed in 6 groups (n = 10) according to irrigant solutions which were used during root canal preparation: G1, 0.1% OCT; G2, 2% chlorhexidine (CHX); G3, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); G4, OCT + 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); G5, 2.5% NaOCl + 17% EDTA and G6, distilled water. All specimens were instrumented with ProTaper system up to F4. Teeth were sectioned and prepared for SEM. The smear layer was evaluated using a 5‐score system and the data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn (α = 0.05). In all root canal thirds there was no significant difference between OCT, CHX, NaOCl, and water groups (p > .05), and these groups showed higher smear layer values than NaOCl + EDTA and OCT + EDTA groups (p < .05). There was no significant difference between NaOCl + EDTA and OCT + EDTA groups (p > .05). It was concluded that OCT used as a single root canal irrigant presented poor cleaning capacity and could be used in association with a final irrigation with EDTA to obtain smear layer removal.