Electrodeposited carbon nanotube thin films

A successful attempt to grow carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by electrodeposition technique for the first time is reported here. Carbon nanotubes were grown on Si (001) substrate using acetonitrile (1% v/v) and water as electrolyte at an applied d.c. potential ∼20 V. The films were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Raman, optical absorbance, Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy (FTIR) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) measurements. The effect of magnetic field on the growth of nanotubes was studied critically. It was found that the presence of magnetic field during electro-deposition played a crucial role on the growth of carbon nanotubes and hence the electronic properties. Photoluminescence (PL) studies indicated band edge luminescence ∼0.72-0.83 eV. Field emission studies indicated lower turn-on voltage and higher current density for films deposited with magnetic field.     

Low-temperature synthesis of nanocrystalline ZnGa2O4:Tb phosphors via the Pechini method

The synthesis of trivalent terbium doped ZnGa₂O₄ nanosized new phosphors by the Pechini method was reported. Well-crystallized ZnGa₂O₄:Tb³⁺ phosphors were obtained at low-temperature about 550 °C. The phosphors formed porous agglomerates which consist of spherical nanocrystallites with a uniform size at about 30 nm. The photoluminescence of the phosphors included both the luminescence of ZnGa₂O₄ host and characteristic emission of Tb³⁺, and the excitation spectra showed an energy transfer from the host lattice to the activator. The Tb³⁺ emission from the phosphors prepared by the Pechini process was more intensive than that of phosphors by solid-state reaction process.     

Nanoclays: Two-dimensional shuttles for rare earth complexes in aqueous solution

Nanoclays are shown to be attractive substrates in at least two major respects. Firstly, Hectorite analogous commercial clays (“Laponite”) can facilitate the usage of luminescent rare earth ions in aqueous solution, as their adherence to the clay surface strongly reduces water coordination and thus enables dramatically improved emission intensities. This also holds true for complexes of Tb³⁺, which coordinate water in their native crystalline state, as demonstrated for tris(bipyiridine) complexes. For these, the laponite interaction affords a 16-fold gain in emission intensity in aqueous solution over the dissolved complex. Secondly, the two-dimensional, disk-like morphology of the clays enables a sufficient proximity of Ce³⁺ and Tb³⁺ to allow an energy transfer even at comparably low solution concentrations. In partially laminated, solid powders the efficiencies of the corresponding interlayer species decrease due to intimate interactions with the surrounding silicate and interlayer water, which can, however be counteracted by keeping the disks apart with long-chain, alkylammonium cations as spacers between the disks.     

Crystal Phase Control of Luminescing α‐NaGdF4:Eu3+and β‐NaGdF4:Eu3+ Nanocrystals

NaGdF₄:Eu³⁺, NaEuF₄, and NaGdF₄ nanocrystals were synthesized in the high‐boiling coordinating solvent N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐ethylenediamine (HEEDA). Phase pure nanomaterials, crystallizing either in the cubic α‐phase or the hexagonal β‐phase, were obtained by adjusting one reaction parameter only, i.e., the molar ratio between metal and fluoride ions in the synthesis. The hexagonal β‐phase is formed, if this molar ratio is close to stoichiometric, whereas the cubic α‐phase is obtained in the presence of excess metal ions. The optical properties of the Eu³⁺ doped samples are different for the two crystal phases. The results indicate an increased number of oxygen impurities close to Eu³⁺ ions, if excess metal ions are used in the synthesis.     

Ce3+对Er3+的上转换荧光淬灭

提要:本文研究了Ce3 离子对Er3 离子的上转换荧光淬灭规律,随着Ce3 离子浓度增加,Er3 离子各波段的上转换荧光强度迅速下降,并且发现红色荧光带的淬灭要快于绿色荧光带。具体分析了Er3 离子的上转换荧光的产生机制,通过分析Ce3 对Er3 离子淬灭机理,进一步讨论了Er3 离子的上转换机制。     

Crystal growth and characterization of CuI single crystals by solvent evaporation technique

Cuprous iodide (CuI) crystals are grown by slow evaporation technique in three different solvents. Large CuI single crystals with dimensions of 7.5 mm × 5 mm × 3 mm are obtained in pure acetonitrile solvent at 40 °C. The as-grown crystals are analyzed by X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, current-voltage characteristic and photoluminescence spectrum. The results show that the CuI crystal has the zinc-blende structure with no secondary phase. The elemental Cu/I ratio is 1.09:1. The melting point of the crystal is 875 K and two phase transitions occur from room temperature to its melting point. The electrical conductivity of CuI platelet crystal is in the range of 1.11-2.38 Ω⁻¹ cm⁻¹. Under ultraviolet excitation, the CuI crystals exhibit three emission bands with peak positions at 426, 529 and 671 nm. The nature of the luminescence is discussed.     

An investigation of Eu-doped CaAlSiN3 fabricated by an alloy-nitridation method

We have synthesized CaAlSiN₃:Eu phosphors through an alloy-nitridation method with stable alloys as main starting materials, and investigated their crystal structures and photoluminescence properties in three aspects as below: (1) different Eu concentrations; (2) different Eu dopants; (3) different Al/Si molar ratios. The lattice volume calculated by using Rietveld refinement on the base of XRD analysis, decreases with oxygen incorporating, increases with the Al/Si ratios, and shows a limited expansion with the raise of Eu concentrations in CaAlSiN₃:Eu crystal lattice. The concentration quenching and the shifts of emission bands are investigated and discussed in details. The different lattice volumes deriving from corresponding compositions have an important effect on photoluminescence properties. This work provides some methods to tune the emission wavelengths of CaAlSiN₃:Eu phosphors.     

用于反射型显示器的光致发光增强技术

摘译电子书市场受众的逐渐增加,极大地促进了人们对低耗、日光下可读反射型显示器的关注。目前的反射显示器通常是黑白的,如亚马逊公司的Kindle电子书使用的是E-Ink Vizplex成像膜;或者仅仅能显示暗淡色域     

Characterization of GaSb Films by Metalorganic Chemical Vapour Deposition

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Morphology-controllable synthesis of SrMoO4 hierarchical crystallites via a simple precipitation method

Well-crystallized SrMoO₄ crystallites with well controlled morphologies have been successfully prepared via a simple precipitation method. The molar ratio of reactants and reaction concentration were found to play important roles in the morphological controlling of the resulting SrMoO₄ crystallites. With carefully controlling the molar ratio of reactants, different morphologies of SrMoO₄ crystallites can be obtained effectively, including flower-like sphere, spindle rod, peanut, dumbbell and notched sphere. Room-temperature photoluminescence spectra of the as-synthesized SrMoO₄ crystallites with different morphologies showed that their photoluminescent properties obviously relied on their morphologies.