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排序方式: 共有4222条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Xiaoyuan Sun Zixuan Liu Hao Qian Yunfei Liu Yinong Lyu 《Ceramics International》2021,47(17):24207-24217
A strategy that constructs the morphotropic phase boundary and manipulates the domain structure has been used to design the component of 0.96[Bi0.5(Na0.84K0.16)0.5Ti(1-x)NbxO3]-0.04SrTiO3 (BNKT-4ST-100xNb) to enhance the strain properties for actuator application. Non-equivalent Nb5+ donor doping modulates the phase transition from the mixture of rhombohedral and tetragonal phases to the pseudocubic phase and results in the coexistence of multiple phases. Moreover, the high-resolution TEM confirms the existence of polar nano regions that contribute to the macroscopic relaxor behaviour. The size of the domains is reduced with increasing Nb5+, resulting in an enhanced relaxor behaviour. The ferroelectric-relaxor transition temperature decreases from 85 to below 30 °C, implying a non-ergodic to ergodic relaxor transition. An improved strain of 0.56% and a giant normalized strain of 1120 pm/V were achieved for BNKT-4ST-1.5Nb, which were attributed to the unique domain structure in which nanodomains are embedded in an undistorted cubic matrix. Ferroelectric, antiferroelectric, and relaxor phases coexist. As the electric field is large enough, a reversible phase transition occurs. Furthermore, good temperature stability was obtained due to the stability of the nanodomains, and no degradation in strains was observed even after 104 cycles, which may originate from the reversible phase transition and dynamic domain wall. The results show that this design strategy offers a reference way to improve the strain behaviour and that BNKT-4ST-100xNb ceramics could be a potential material for high-displacement actuator applications. 相似文献
2.
Protection and confinement effect of carbon on Co/CoxOy nano-catalyst for efficient NaBH4 hydrolysis
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(46):20185-20193
The hydrolysis of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) over catalysts is a promising method to produce hydrogen. Although Co-based catalysts exhibit high activity for NaBH4 hydrolysis, they are still far from satisfying practical applications, especially their poor durability in alkaline media. Herein, a carbon shell structure was designed and synthesized to improve the stability of the mixture of Co0 and CoxOy nanofilms (Co/CoxOy@C) during NaBH4 hydrolysis via a facile polymerization-pyrolysis strategy with Co/CoxOy nanofilms as the precursor. As a result, the Co/CoxOy@C catalyst can achieve a remarkable H2 generation rate of 4348.6 mL min?1 gCo?1 with a low activation energy of 43.6 kJ mol?1, which is superior to most previously reported catalysts. Moreover, the catalyst shows high stability with an H2 generation-specific rate of 79% after five cycles. The excellent performance of carbon substrate can well prevent the agglomeration of Co-based nanoparticle and improve the corrosion resistance of the active Co to BO2? and OH?. This work would widen the road for the preparation of nanoconfined catalysts, which has prospective application potentials for H2 production from NaBH4 hydrolysis. 相似文献
3.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(12):17185-17195
This study introduces micro-nano bubbles (MNBs) in the process of polishing zirconia ceramics through sodium borohydride hydrolysis to assist in polishing yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). Compared with conventional silica sol, the material removal rate using this MNB-assisted technology is increased by 261.4%, and a lower surface roughness of 1.28 nm can be obtained. Raman, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used to study the structural changes and phase stability of the YSZ during different polishing periods. The results show that MNBs are the key factor promoting the transformation from the tetragonal phase to the monoclinic phase on the surface of the YSZ during polishing. The H2O molecules (or OH? ions) on the surface of the YSZ are driven by the thermal kinetic energy of the micro-jets formed by the collapse of micro-bubbles, and they permeate to occupy more oxygen vacancies in the crystal lattice. Atomic force microscopy and nano-indentation tests show that the micro-protrusions on the surface of the YSZ preferentially undergo phase transformation, and their hardness decreases. This promotes abrasives to preferentially remove rough spots on the surface and achieve more efficient polishing. We believe this work adds valuable insights regarding low-temperature degradation and ultra-precise machining of YSZ ceramic materials. 相似文献
4.
Sha Liu JianHui Xiao YaPing Feng MianLing Zhang Ying Li Jin Tu LiYa Niu 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2022,57(3):1791-1803
Konjac glucomannan/sodium alginate composite edible boba (KGM/SA-boba) with good taste is very popular in China, and it is an outstanding carrier for health potential ingredients. In this work, KGM/SA-boba were fortified with 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00% purple sweet potato anthocyanin (PSPA), then characterised by the water distribution, texture, microstructure, in vitro release property of PSPA and antioxidant capacity. LF-NMR analysis demonstrated that the free water of KGM/SA-boba could transfer to tightly bound water with the addition of PSPA that made it with better water-binding ability, higher springiness and lower hardness. And the results of SEM and rheology showed that PSPA could stabilise the microstructure of KGM/SA-boba by forming more amorphous regions and hydrogen bonds proved by the results of DSC and FT-IR. Furthermore, 50% of PSPA in PSPA-fortified KGM/SA-boba can be released at the first hour in a simulated gastrointestinal environment. And the scavenging capacity of DPPH and ABTS of the PSPA-fortified KGM/SA-boba after digestion was higher than that of PSPA alone. Generally, PSPA could improve the texture while KGM/SA-boba in turn would make PSPA more stable in the gastrointestinal digestive system. 相似文献
5.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(55):23310-23315
Alkaline aqueous solution of sodium borohydride NaBH4 (denoted SB-fuel) is an indirect fuel when it is used to generate H2 by hydrolysis, with the as-generated H2 feeding a fuel cell, and it is a direct fuel when it is an anodic fuel of a direct fuel cell. However, SB-fuel suffers from a major drawback: NaBH4 spontaneously hydrolyzes. Our study falls within this context. We studied the instability, at the NMR scale and over 12 weeks, of a series of SB-fuels (initial NaBH4 concentration from 3.65 to 31.22 wt%, NaOH concentration from 1 to 16 M, and temperature between ?15 and 60 °C) to find the conditions at which SB-fuel can be stored for weeks in relative safety. We found that SB-fuel with a NaOH concentration of ≥8 M is relatively stable under cold conditions (?15 and 4 °C). In these conditions, NaBH4 is not prevented from hydrolyzing, but the reaction is significantly mitigated. Otherwise, our study highlights the gaps in our understanding of the SB-fuel, emphasizes SB-fuel is a new concept of fuel (it should not be seen as any current fuel), and points out the challenges for attaining higher technology readiness levels. 相似文献
6.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(11):7242-7251
In the present study, metal-free catalysts for efficient H2 generation from NaBH4 methanolysis was produced for the first time from apricot kernel shells with two-step activation. The first stage of the two-stage activation includes the production of activated carbon with the KOH agent (AKOH), and the second stage includes hydrothermally HNO3 activation with oxygen doping (O doped AKOH + N). The hydrogen production rate (HGR) and the activation energy (Ea) of the reaction with the obtained metal-free catalyst (10 mg) were determined as 14,444 ml min?1 g?1 and 7.86 kJ mol?1, respectively. The structural and physical-chemical properties of these catalysts were characterized by XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), elemental CHNS analysis, FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and nitrogen adsorption analysis. Also, the reusability results of this metal-free catalyst for H2 production are promising. 相似文献
7.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(64):32403-32412
Porous carbon nanostructures are promising supports for stabilizing the highly dispersed metal nanoparticles and facilitating the mass transfer during the reaction, which are critical to achieve the high efficiency of hydrogen generation from sodium borohydride dehydrogenation. Herein, the catalytically active porous architectures are simply prepared by using 2-methylimidazole and melamine as reactive sources. The structural and compositional characterizations reveal the coexistence of metallic cobalt and N-doped carbon in porous architectures. Electron microscopy observations indicate that the synthesized products are smartly constructed from the carbon nanosheets with densely dispersed Co nanoparticles. Due to the notable structural features, the prepared Co@NC-600 sample presents the highly efficient activity for catalytic hydrolysis of NaBH4 with a hydrogen generation rate of 2574 mL min−1 gcat−1 and an activation energy of 47.6 kJ mol−1. The catalytically active metallic Co and suitable support-effect of N-doped carbon are responsible for catalytic dehydrogenation. 相似文献
8.
Tao Wang Weihui Jiang Jianmin Liu Guo Feng Lifeng Miao Ting Chen Qian Wu 《Ceramics International》2019,45(4):4514-4519
High quality zirconia whiskers have been successfully prepared by molten salt method, using zirconium oxychloride (ZrOCl2·8H2O) and sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate (Na3PO4·12H2O) as precursor and molten salt, respectively. The effects of types of molten salt and heat treatment temperature on the formation of zirconia whiskers were characterized by XRD, Raman, DTA-TG, FE-SEM, TEM, SAED and HR-TEM. When Na3PO4·12H2O is utilized as molten salt and the heat treatment temperature is 900?°C, the as-prepared zirconia whiskers with length ranging from 4?µm to 8?µm show an average aspect ratio of 25. The obtained ZrO2 whiskers with monoclinic structure are elongated along [010] direction and exhibit a smooth surface with no distinct defects. The XRD and Raman results reveal that the phase transformation from tetragonal zirconia to monoclinic zirconia occurs with the increased crystal size and the water quenching treatment can significantly reduce the content of sodium zirconium phosphate [Na9–4×Zrx(PO4)3] in the final product. The growth mechanism of zirconia whiskers is supposed to be a dissolution-precipitation process. Since the sodium zirconium phosphate [Na9–4×Zrx(PO4)3] effectively promotes the dissolution of zirconia in liquid molten salt, zirconia can grow into zirconia whiskers according to its anisotropy. 相似文献
9.
采用两步法制备海藻酸钠/脲醛树脂复合微胶囊。在树脂化阶段引入海藻酸钠(SA)参与脲醛树脂(UF)的缩聚反应形成复合壳层,制备了阿维菌素复合微胶囊。通过FTIR、TG、SEM、粒度分析等表征微胶囊的结构特征、组成成分、表观形貌、粒度分布。结果表明,SA的引入可有效改善脲醛树脂微胶囊的团聚现象,提高药物的包覆率至60%以上。释放性能研究显示,复合微胶囊的缓释能力较脲醛树脂微胶囊提高,72 d累计释放率由27.5%增至44.5%,且释放速率受pH、温度的影响,25℃下酸性介质中27d累计释放率超过50%。释放行为均可用Korsmeyer-Pappas动力学模型进行描述。 相似文献
10.