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《Advanced Powder Technology》2022,33(12):103855
In a narrow channel, the apparent relative viscosity of a suspension with finite-size particles is strongly dependent on its microscopic particle arrangement. Relative viscosity increases when suspended particles flow near the channel wall; thus, a suspension in a narrow channel does not always exhibit the same rheological properties even if the concentration is the same. In this study, we focus on the inertia and concentration of particles in a narrow channel and consider their effects on the microscopic particle arrangement and macroscopic suspension rheology. Two-dimensional pressure-driven suspension flow simulations were performed using a two-way coupling scheme, and normalized particle density distribution (PDD) were implemented to consider their particle arrangements. The results demonstrated that the velocity profiles for the particle suspension were changed by the Reynolds number and particle concentration because of the interactions between particles according to the power-law index. These changes affected the particle equilibrium positions in the channel, and the subsequent changes in solvent layer thickness caused changes in the macroscopic apparent viscosity. The behavior of microscopic particles played important roles in determining macroscopic rheology. Thus, we have confirmed that a normalized PDD can be used to estimate and assess the macroscopic rheology of a suspension. 相似文献
3.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(70):30262-30276
Pt–MoO3 was synthesized by microwave-assisted chemical reduction. The physicochemical characterization showed that the electrocatalyst contained nanoparticles of Pt and clusters of MoO3. The average particle size of the catalytic material was 2.5 nm. The electrochemical results showed that the Pt–MoO3/C was suitable to carry out the electrooxidation reactions of ethanol and methanol indistinctly, avoiding CO poisoning. It was possible to compare the results with commercial Pt/C. The synthesized material showed a better electrochemical performance. Different simulations were performed using the Nernst equation to evaluate the influence of temperature, internal resistance, and the current density losses as a function of the fuel used. The theoretical results indicated that the electrical power of the mono-cell improves by 21.5% when the energy vector is changed from methanol to ethanol at the maximum power point, obtaining an electrical potential change ΔE = 87.02 mV and a variation of the electric power of Δp = 114.14 mW cm?2. The use of dual fuels could improve the performance of experimental fuel cells. 相似文献
4.
Anisse Pereira Hong C. Lee Robert Lammert Jr. Cailyn Wolberg Jr. Danyi Ma Chad Immoos Federico Casassa Iksoon Kang 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2022,57(3):1814-1823
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of red-wine grape pomaces on the quality and sensory attributes of beef hamburger patties. Both phenolic content and antioxidant activity were assessed using Syrah, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon pomaces. Following the assessment, hamburger patties were prepared with Merlot pomace at 0%, 2% and 4% for the patty quality and sensory attributes. Grape seeds possessed significantly higher phenolics and antioxidant activities over the seedless pomace (P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was found for phenolics and antioxidant activities within the seeds and seedless pomaces. The patty pH decreased as the pomace was added for 2% and 4%. Colour values (L*, a* and b*) of patties lowered as the pomace was added. Allo-Kramer shear force and hardness values increased while cooking yield decreased (P < 0.05) with the addition of pomace. No significant difference between control and Merlot patties was found for flavour, juiciness and colour, whereas lower sensory attributes were observed for texture, taste and overall acceptability. It is observed that the addition of fermented red-wine grape pomace provides hamburger patties with health promoting factors such as antioxidant and other functional components, but it also provided darker, sourer and lower cooking yield. 相似文献
5.
《Journal of dairy science》2022,105(5):3926-3938
Sensory and physical properties of 2 lemon-flavored beverages with 5% and 7.5% wt/wt nonfat dry milk (NFDM) at pH 2.5 were studied during storage. The 2 beverages had similar volatile compounds, but the 5% NFDM had higher aroma and lemon flavor, with a preferred appearance by consumers due to the lower turbidity and viscosity. After 28 d of storage at 4°C, lemon flavor decreased in the 5% NFDM beverage but was still more intense than the 7.5% one. During 70 d of storage, no microorganisms were detected, and the beverages were more stable when stored at 4°C than at room temperature according to changes of physical properties measured for appearance, turbidity, color, particle size, zeta potential, rheological properties, and transmission electron microscopy morphology. Findings of the present study suggest that NFDM may be used at 5% wt/wt to produce stable acidic dairy beverages with low turbidity when stored at 4°C. 相似文献
6.
Yalou Guo Vincent Jusko Gongkui Xiao Jurgen Hanekom Guoping Hu Paul A. Webley Eric F. May Gang Kevin Li 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2022,68(5):e17569
Conventional pressure swing adsorption (PSA) processes can only produce one high purity product in a single stage, whereas the state-of-art dual-reflux PSA (DR-PSA) can produce two high purity products simultaneously. However, multicomponent gas separation is often required in the industry, targeting at recovering several valued products at the same time. In this study, we propose a novel adsorption process, namely triple-reflux PSA (TR-PSA), to separate three components simultaneously. A middle product outlet and a middle reflux stream were introduced to the adsorption columns of a conventional DR-PSA process to separate ternary mixtures of nitrogen, methane, and helium. Nonisothermal dynamic models were built to investigate the impacts of operating parameters particularly the location of the middle reflux/product stream and the middle reflux flow rates. Results showed that the TR-PSA process successfully separated ternary mixtures obtaining three enriched products simultaneously in a single stage, yielding a separation performance comparable to that of the double-stage DR-PSA with significantly lower capital and energy cost. 相似文献
7.
采用动态硫化方法制备了混炼型聚氨酯橡胶(MPU)/聚十二内酰胺(PA 12)热塑性硫化胶(TPV),通过控制动态硫化时间探究了该TPV的动态硫化历程,同时研究了不同动态硫化阶段共混物的物理机械性能和动态力学性能。结果表明,随着动态硫化时间的延长,MPU/PA 12 TPV逐步完成相转变,在温度和剪切作用下,MPU相由连续相转变为分散相,而PA 12则由分散相转变为连续相;随着动态硫化时间的延长,MPU/PA 12共混物的储能模量升高,损耗模量降低,损耗因子减小。此外,随着动态硫化时间的延长,MPU/PA 12共混物的综合力学性能提高。 相似文献
8.
挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的大量排放对我国大气环境已造成严重污染。本文综述了针对工业VOCs排放浓度低、风量大、含水等特点,分子筛作为较成熟的吸附材料在VOCs吸附处理中的应用。影响分子筛吸附VOCs的因素有孔径结构、表面性质、疏水性等。研究表明,与吸附质动力学尺寸相匹配的孔径和具有多级孔的分子筛吸附性能优良,引入适宜补偿阳离子也可加强吸附。文中指出:提高硅铝比或硅烷化改性来提高分子筛疏水性以及免除模板剂使用,降低成本,减小污染成为当下发展主流;在制备方法上打破传统水热合成法,使用固相法、微波辅助、晶种导入来降低能耗,实现绿色合成已成为新兴话题;研发多功能整体式材料以及吸附法和多种方法相结合来处理VOCs已成为未来发展趋势。 相似文献
9.
中国含油气盆地超深层广泛发育灰岩,灰岩的主要矿物成分是方解石,其特殊的晶体结构决定了其在超深层具有很强的塑性和韧性。在小变形作用下,灰岩不容易发生断裂。灰岩尤其是泥灰岩,因其较低的孔隙度和渗透率也可以作为盖层。四川盆地元坝气藏埋深超过6 500 m,储气规模大,其盖层和保存条件一直备受关注。下三叠统膏盐岩作为元坝气藏的区域性盖层得到普遍认可,但是飞仙关组灰岩作为其直接盖层尚存争议。在岩心观察、岩石力学参数测试、地质资料分析的基础上,从脆—韧性的角度分析飞仙关组灰岩作为盖层的完整性。飞仙关组灰岩在生气高峰期及之后,韧性显著提高,力学性质处于韧性阶段,不易发生破裂,能够保持岩层完整性,从而成为二叠系长兴组白云岩储层的良好盖层。该实例说明,灰岩在超深层可以作为盖层,对碳酸盐岩区的油气勘探具有重要意义。 相似文献
10.
为评估玉米芯作为生物滞留设施中填料土添加剂的可行性,通过理化性质测试、摇床淋出试验、等温吸附试验,与现有添加剂柳木屑、陶粒、稻壳生物炭进行对比,研究玉米芯的理化性质和营养素的淋出及吸附特性。结果表明:玉米芯轻质多孔,具有较大的比表面积和阳离子交换量,其氮磷含量低,有丰富的含氧官能团;以玉米芯作为添加剂,在去离子水的淋洗作用下,氮磷营养素淋出量低、淋出速度快,在降雨径流中氮磷营养素淋出量降低,淋出速度减缓;在营养素质量浓度为2mg/L的典型降雨径流中,玉米芯可吸附25mg/kg的NH+4和79mg/kg的PO3-4,相较于其他材料,玉米芯吸附效果突出。玉米芯可作为填料土添加剂用于生物滞留设施中,施用玉米芯可降低填料土营养素淋出风险,提升生物滞留设施对降雨径流中污染物的吸附和去除效果。 相似文献