黄芩根提取物的制备及其在烟草香气中的作用研究

以黄芩苷为目标制备了黄芩提取物,分析其有效成分并研究了烟用效果.采用裂解气相色谱-质谱联用(PyGC-MS)法,模拟卷烟典型燃烧环境,研究了黄芩苷在不同气氛中的裂解产物,探讨其在卷烟中的致香机理.结果表明,所制备的黄芩提取物含有22.11％的黄芩苷,在卷烟中的作用为增加香气、柔和烟气、改善余味.裂解试验发现,黄芩苷在不同温度和不同环境中发生裂解,生成烃类、酮类、醛类、呋喃类及其衍生物等致香成分,含量最高的为糠醛和苯乙酮.不同温度和不同气氛条件下裂解,产物及含量均有差别.以上结果表明,黄芩提取物可作为潜在的烟用香料.     

黄芩苷标样制备及其固相萃取-HPLC测定研究

采用超声波振荡-醇提取酸沉淀法代替传统的水提酸沉淀法从黄芩中提取黄芩苷粗品,再经分步精制得其纯品,同时提出了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定黄芩饮片以及几种中药制中黄芩苷含量的新方法;根据待测样品的差异,选择不同的前处理手段,采用W aters P lus-C18小柱固相萃取预分离,以CH3OH-H2O-HAc为流动相,测试样品中的黄芩苷得以分离和测定。新方法标准回收率92%~103%,RSD为1.4%~12.2%。     

黄芩苷的热原反应研究

目的探讨黄芩苷产品质量与热原的关系。方法采用高效液相法测定黄芩苷含量,用兔热原测定法考查黄芩苷的质量。结果高纯度的黄芩苷无热原反应。结论引起热原反应的物质是黄芩苷中的杂质。     

Effect of baicalein and acetone extract of Scutellaria baicalensis on canola oil oxidation

There is an increasing interest in natural antioxidants present in traditional Chinese herbal medicines. The present study examined the antioxidant activity of heane, acetone, and methanol extracts, as well as baicalein purified from the dry roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (common name: Huangqin), in heated canola oil. Oxygen consumption and decreases in linoleic acid linolenic acid content were monitored in canola oil held at 90–93°C. Among the three extracts, the acetone extract was most effective against oxidation of canola oil, followed by the methanol extract of the dry roots. The antioxidant activity of these three extracts correlated well with their content of baicalein, which provided strong protection to canola oil from oxidation. The antioxidant activity of Huangqin acetone extract was dose-dependent. The acetone extract at 100 ppm or above was even more effective than butylated hydroxytoluene at 200 ppm in protecting canola oil from oxidation. The present results suggest that the acetone extract of these roots should be further explored as a potential source of natural antioxidants for use in the processed foods.     

黄芩甙纳米乳的制备

研制了黄芩甙纳米乳并对其进行了质量评价。通过绘制伪三元相图优选处方,以肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(IPM)、液体石蜡和维生素E油为油相,蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚(EL-40)为表面活性剂,乙醇为助表面活性剂制备黄芩甙纳米乳,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、Nicomp388/ZetaPALS激光粒度测定仪分别考察了其形态和粒径;通过恒温加速实验检验了其稳定性。黄芩甙纳米乳在透射电镜下呈圆球形,分布均匀,平均粒径为(35.3±0.27)nm,恒温加速实验结果显示其未分层,仍为澄清透明纳米乳状液。纳米乳质量稳定,能提高黄芩甙的溶解度,且有很好的皮肤渗透性,提高了化妆品在皮肤上的延展性,可望用作皮肤化妆品基质。     

清热解毒胶囊质量研究

目的:完善提高清热解毒胶囊的质量标准。方法:采用薄层色谱法对处方中金银花、栀子、连翘、麦冬、龙胆、黄芩进行定性鉴别;同时测定处方中绿原酸和黄芩苷含量。采用CAPCELL PAK C18(5μm,4.6mm×250mm)为色谱柱,以乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1mL·min~(-1),检测波长326nm,柱温30℃。结果:薄层色谱鉴别专属性强,重复性好。样品中的绿原酸和黄芩苷峰按照拟定的试验方法测定分离度良好,分别在0.0479μg~0.957μg(r=0.9999)、0.153μg~3.064μg(r=0.9999)范围内与峰面积呈现良好的线性关系;加样回收率分别为92.7%(RSD=1.9)和98.9%(RSD=2.0)。经HPLC测定,10批样品中2个成分的含量分别为绿原酸3.74~4.51mg·g~(-1),黄芩苷18.94~21.76mg·g~(-1)。结论:该法简便、专属、准确,可用于清热解毒胶囊的质量控制。     

pH电位滴定法测定黄芩苷钴(II)配合物的稳定常数

为研究植物对土壤重金属污染进行修复时形成的配合物的稳定性,实验以黄芩苷-钴(II)配合物为例进行探讨。在常温常压下,采用pH电位滴定的方法,对黄芩苷与钴离子生成配合物的稳定常数进行了测定。通过使用氢氧化钾标准溶液对一定溶液体系中的黄芩苷溶液及其与钴离子的混合溶液分别进行滴定,借助自动电位数据采集软件记录其反应过程中溶液pH值变化,用生成函数截距法计算出了黄芩苷-Co(II)配合物的一级和二级稳定常数分别为lgK_CoA1=5.89,lgK_CoA2=5.07。通过对黄芩苷-Co(II)配合物各物种在不同pH值条件下的分布进行分析可知,在pH＞8的环境下,有利于配合物的合成,可为被重金属污染的弱碱性土壤进行修复时采用植物修复技术提供理论依据。     

Recombinant Baculovirus: A Flexible Drug Screening Platform for Chikungunya Virus

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted infectious agent that causes an endemic or epidemic outbreak(s) of Chikungunya fever that is reported in almost all countries. This virus is an intense global threat, due to its high rate of contagion and the lack of effective remedies. In this study, we developed two baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS)-based approaches for the screening of anti-CHIKV drugs in Spodoptera frugiperda insect (Sf21) cells and U-2OS cells. First, structural protein of CHIKV was co-expressed through BEVS and thereby induced cell fusion in Sf21 cells. We used an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) to co-express the green fluorescent protein (EGFP) for identifying these fusion events. The EGFP-positive Sf21 cells fused with each other and with uninfected cells to form syncytia. We identified that ursolic acid has potential anti-CHIKV activity in vitro, by using this approach. Second, BacMam virus-based gene delivery has been successfully applied for the transient expression of non-structural proteins with a subgenomic promoter-EGFP (SP-EGFP) cassette in U-2OS cells to act as an in vitro CHIKV replicon system. Our BacMam-based screening system has identified that the potential effects of baicalin and baicalein phytocompounds can inhibit the replicon activity of CHIKV in U-2OS cells. In conclusion, our results suggested that BEVS can be a potential tool for screening drugs against CHIKV.     

黄芩苷对动脉粥样硬化家兔的保护作用及其机制

目的:探讨黄芩苷对动脉粥样硬化(AS) 家兔的保护作用及可能机制。方法:新西兰白兔30只, 随机分为正常组、模型组、黄芩苷治疗组(300 mg/kg) 、黄芩苷预防组(100 mg/kg) 、阳性药(辛伐他汀) 对照组, 每组6 只。酶法测定各组血清及肝脏中TC 、TG 、低密度脂蛋白(LDL) 、高密度脂蛋白含量, 主动脉苏丹Ⅳ染色测AS 斑块面积/总面积, HE 染色观察主动脉及肝脏形态学改变。ELASA 方法测血清中肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α) 、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β) 、脂联素(Adiponectin) 的水平。免疫组化法检测主动脉弓处的NF-κB 的表达。结果:黄芩苷治疗组、黄芩苷预防组、阳性药对照组主动脉粥样硬化斑块面积小于模型组(P <0.01), 黄芩苷治疗组、黄芩苷预防组、阳性药对照组血清及肝脏中TC 、LDL 水平较模型组明显降低(P <0.01), 黄芩苷治疗组、黄芩苷预防组血清中TNF-α、IL-1β 和脂联素水平较模型组明显降低(P<0.01, P <0.05), 黄芩苷治疗组、黄芩苷预防组主动脉壁上NF-κB 的表达低于模型组(P <0.01) 。结论:黄芩苷通过升高脂联素、下调NF-κB 抑制炎症反应及调节血脂两个方面对AS 起保护作用, 这可能是其抑制AS 的形成及发展的重要机制之一。     

黄芩苷体外调控乳腺癌细胞表达TIMP2的实验研究

目的: 探讨黄芩苷对Bcap-37 细胞生长及TIMP2 表达的影响。方法: 体外细胞培养、MTT 法测定不同浓度黄芩苷对Bcap-37 细胞生长曲线的影响, RT-PCR 、Western blot 方法研究不同浓度黄芩苷对Bcap-37 细胞TIMP2 的影响。结果: 黄芩苷对Bcap-37 细胞的生长抑制呈浓度依赖关系;黄芩苷对Bcap-37 细胞TIMP2 在mRNA 水平、蛋白水平呈浓度依赖关系, 小剂量上调, 高剂量下调。结论: 黄芩苷对人乳腺癌Bcap-37 细胞生长有抑制作用, 可能与肿瘤细胞TIMP2 的下调有关。