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1.
在建筑物生活饮用水的管道环境中, 淋浴软管里温水长时间停滞为细菌和致病菌提供了生长环境。为了解华南地区淋浴软管中微生物的再生风险及诱发因素, 对华南地区具有淋浴设备的家庭进行问卷调查。具体考察了居民淋浴习惯、软管使用习惯及污染情况、水质情况和淋浴水质影响身体健康的认知情况, 对所得数据进行统计分析 。结果显示, 华南地区人群普遍不具备良好的淋浴和软管使用习惯, 缺乏对不良水质会加速人体老化或引起健康问题的认知。统计分析表明, 水温、水质与软管污染程度呈正相关, 淋浴频率和软管更换频率与软管污染程度呈负相关。因此, 不佳的淋浴习惯、水质和软管使用习惯,及对淋浴水质影响身体健康的认知不足, 都为淋浴软管中微生物的生长创造了条件, 增加了致病风险。  相似文献   
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Hospital-acquired infection is a great challenge for clinical treatment due to pathogens’ biofilm formation and their antibiotic resistance. Here, we investigate the effect of antiseptic agent polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and undecylenamidopropyl betaine (UB) against biofilms of four pathogens that are often found in hospitals, including Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, and pathogenic fungus, Candida albicans. We show that 0.02% PHMB, which is 10-fold lower than the concentration of commercial products, has a strong inhibitory effect on the growth, initial attachment, and biofilm formation of all tested pathogens. PHMB can also disrupt the preformed biofilms of these pathogens. In contrast, 0.1% UB exhibits a mild inhibitory effect on biofilm formation of the four pathogens. This concentration inhibits the growth of S. aureus and C. albicans yet has no growth effect on P. aeruginosa or E. coli. UB only slightly enhances the anti-biofilm efficacy of PHMB on P. aeruginosa biofilms. However, pretreatment with PslG, a glycosyl hydrolase that can efficiently inhibit and disrupt P. aeruginosa biofilm, highly enhances the clearance effect of PHMB on P. aeruginosa biofilms. Meanwhile, PslG can also disassemble the preformed biofilms of the other three pathogens within 30 min to a similar extent as UB treatment for 24 h.  相似文献   
3.
李小宁  余潇  黄晨蕾  曹若楠  李婕  朱国萍 《金属学报》2021,26(10):1103-1110
目的:研究氨溴索联合左氧氟沙星对肺炎克雷伯菌生物被膜的抑制和清除作用,旨在为临床提供拮抗肺炎克雷伯菌生物膜形成和治疗的新策略。方法:收集不同耐药性肺炎克雷伯菌各15株,将其分为敏感组(野生菌组)、超广谱β-内酰胺酶(extended spectrum β-Lactamases, ESBLs)组、耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, CRKP)组,采用结晶紫染色法进行生物被膜半定量检测,再从各组中选取3株生物被膜产量相近的菌株,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定氨溴索和左氧氟沙星对肺炎克雷伯菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC);棋盘稀释法测定不同浓度氨溴索对左氧氟沙星MIC的影响以及通过计算部分抑菌浓度指数(FIC)判断联合效果和选择最佳协同浓度;采用结晶紫法联合激光扫描共聚焦荧光显微镜研究不同浓度药物对肺炎克雷伯菌生物被膜的形成抑制试验和清除试验。结果:3组细菌生物被膜均在第5天达到成熟,两两比较发现敏感组较ESBLs组和CRKP组更易形成且产量更多(F=3.725,P=0.032);棋盘稀释法显示,随着氨溴索浓度的增加,3组细菌左氧氟沙星MIC值的几何均数均明显下降,呈显著的负相关,且联合药敏结果显示,两药组合均呈现协同作用;在生物被膜形成抑制试验中,随着氨溴索浓度的增加,其抑制率均达到了75%以上,但其生物被膜清除率却未达到70%。 结论:氨溴索联合左氧氟沙星对临床早期抑制肺炎克雷伯菌生物被膜形成具有指导意义,且其最佳协同浓度为0.49 mg/mL氨溴索+4 μg/mL左氧氟沙星。  相似文献   
4.
The occurrence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) persisters, including viable but non-culturable (VBNC) forms, subpopulations of tolerant cells that can survive high antibiotic doses, is the main reason for PA lung infections failed eradication and recurrence in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients, subjected to life-long, cyclic antibiotic treatments. In this paper, we investigated the role of subinhibitory concentrations of different anti-pseudomonas antibiotics in the maintenance of persistent (including VBNC) PA cells in in vitro biofilms. Persisters were firstly selected by exposure to high doses of antibiotics and their abundance over time evaluated, using a combination of cultural, qPCR and flow cytometry assays. Two engineered GFP-producing PA strains were used. The obtained results demonstrated a major involvement of tobramycin and bacterial cell wall-targeting antibiotics in the resilience to starvation of VBNC forms, while the presence of ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime/avibactam lead to their complete loss. Moreover, a positive correlation between tobramycin exposure, biofilm production and c-di-GMP levels was observed. The presented data could allow a deeper understanding of bacterial population dynamics during the treatment of recurrent PA infections and provide a reliable evaluation of the real efficacy of the antibiotic treatments against the bacterial population within the CF lung.  相似文献   
5.
Pulp and papermaking industries generate high volumes of carbohydrate-rich effluents. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology is based on organic materials’ consumption?and efficient power production. Using a classical two-chamber lab-scale MFC design with an external resistance of 2000 W, we investigated the effects of anode chamber biofilm adaptation (ACBA) and cathode chamber redox solutions (CCRS) on the operation efficiency of MFC when treating wastewater. In ACBA studies, biofilm growth activation showed an increase in the power density to 20.48, 35.18, and 36.98 mW/m2 when the acetate feeding concentrations were 3, 6, and 12 g/L, respectively. Improvement by biofilm adhesion on granular activated carbon (GAC) was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained power density increased to 25.47, 33.42, and 40.39 mW/m2 when the GAC particles concentrations were 0, 50, and 100 g/L, respectively. The generated power densities were 51.26 and 40.39 mW/m2 as well as the obtained voltages were 0.41 and 0.72 V when the electrode area increased from 16 to 64 cm22, current density of 0.094 A/m2, and voltage of 1.20 V with a successful organic removal efficiency of 86.0% after 264 h of operation.  相似文献   
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Abstract

Attachment of microorganisms to food contact surfaces and the subsequent formation of biofilms may cause equipment damage, food spoilage and even diseases. Mixed-species biofilms are ubiquitous in the food industry and they generally exhibit higher resistance to disinfectants and antimicrobials compared to single-species biofilms. The physiology and metabolic activity of microorganisms in mixed-species biofilms are however rather complicated to study, and despite targeted research efforts, the potential role of mixed-species biofilms in food industry is still rather unexplored. In this review, we summarize recent studies in the context of bacterial social interactions in mixed-species biofilms, resistance to disinfectants, detection methods, and potential novel strategies to control the formation of mixed-species biofilms for enhanced food safety and food quality.  相似文献   
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This article addresses a major hygienic issue in the dairy industry, namely biofilm removal. Response surface methodology was deployed to optimise Bacillus cereus biofilm removal conditions using serine protease. The currently practiced alkali cleaning‐in‐place (CIP) method was also optimised, and while the optimised protease CIP resulted in complete removal of biofilm cells, the reference CIP (with alkali) resulted in a reduction of 4.08 log biofilm cells/cm2 and the optimised alkali CIP resulted in a reduction of ~4.92 log biofilm cells/cm2. Furthermore, the amount of the biofilm matrix removed in the optimised protease CIP was significantly higher than that of alkali CIP. It was concluded that the optimised protease CIP has better applicability.  相似文献   
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