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1.
Takaaki Wajima Tomoe Shimizu Yasuyuki Ikegami 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(6):921-927
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the synthesis of zeolites from paper sludge ash (PSA) with added diatomite to remove both NH4+ and PO43? for water purification. The PSA had low Si and significant Ca contents. Four types of diatomite: white (T‐W) and brown (T‐B) from deposits of marine origin in Takanosu, and white (S‐W) and gray (S‐G) from lacustrine deposits in Shonai, were added to NaOH solution to increase the Si content and thereby synthesize zeolites with high cation exchange capacity (CEC). RESULTS: The order of the amounts of Si extracted from the diatomite to the alkali solution was S‐W > T‐W = T‐B > S‐G, which correlates with the amorphous SiO2 content of diatomite. The original ash without addition of diatomite yielded hydroxysodalite with CEC of about 1.0 mmol g?1. For all samples, the addition of diatomite to the solution yielded zeolite‐P with a higher CEC, but the addition of excess Si inhibited the synthesis of zeolite‐P, and the CEC of the product was low. A product with high CEC including zeolite‐P was obtained in a solution with around 500 mmol L?1 of Si concentration, and had the ability to remove both NH4+ and PO43?. CONCLUSION: Diatomite has the potential for used as an additive for the synthesis of high CEC zeolite from PSA. The product with zeolite‐P exhibited relatively high CEC, capacity for NH4+ uptake, and the ability to remove PO43? by precipitation, which is preferable for water purification applications. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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硅藻土国内外发展现状及展望 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
硅藻土作为一种十分丰富的矿产资源,由于其具有多孔性、吸附性强、轻质、熔点高、隔热、吸声、折射率低、化学性能稳定等特点,应用十分广泛.笔者主要介绍了硅藻土在填料、助滤剂、农业、建筑建材等领域的国内外最新研究成果、应用现状及发展趋势. 相似文献
4.
生物菌固定化研究对生物脱硫技术的推广应用具有重要的意义。本文以实验室筛选的、符合4S脱硫代谢途径的Rhodococcus sp.H.412为研究对象,二苯并噻吩(DBT)为生物催化脱硫模拟化舍物,考察了脱硫菌Rhodococcus sp.H.412的固定化操作条件和使用条件。试验结果表明:在交联温度为4℃,交联剂氯化钙溶液浓度为0.10mmol/L,海藻酸钠质量分数为3.0%,添加剂硅藻土质量分数为1.0%,菌胶比(菌体湿重:胶体体积)为1:20的条件下,用8号医用针头造粒,可以得到具有较高的脱硫活性、较好的机械强度和传质性能的固定化细胞颗粒。固定化细胞相对游离细菌而言,具有较高的温度适应能力和较宽的pH适应范围。 相似文献
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以硅藻土和纤维素为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备出了新型硅藻土/纤维素复合助滤剂,探究了各种制备条件对助滤剂的影响,并在高岭土悬浊液中对硅藻土、纤维素和硅藻土/纤维素的助滤性能进行了比较,同时研究了硅藻土/纤维素助滤剂对实际微污染水过滤的影响。研究结果表明:复合助滤剂的最佳制备条件为纤硅比0.67,氨水浓度5.0×10-4mol/L,蒸馏水/纤维素40 mL/g,EtOH/硅藻土20 mL/g,60℃恒温水浴;硅藻土/纤维素复合助滤剂的助滤性能要明显优于硅藻土和纤维素助滤剂;在微污染原水直接过滤过程中,投加硅藻土/纤维素助滤剂可提高各微污染物的去除率,结合微滤膜深度处理工艺,最终出水水质满足《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)的要求。 相似文献
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采用硅藻土对上海两种农业土进行改良试验研究,分析了不同硅藻土体积比对上海潮土和黄泥土稠度指标、水稳定性大团聚体含量和击实性能的影响。试验表明:塑、液限值与硅藻土含量相关系数为0.981*、0.971*,并且硅藻土对塑、液限的影响与土的粘性聚合体含量成反比;硅藻土可以明显增加两种土中粒径大于0.25 mm的大团聚体的含量;硅藻土可以显著提高两种土的最优含水率并降低最大干密度,且相关性系数分别为0.993*、-0.999**。由此说明,硅藻土可以提高上海农业土的疏松度和保水性能。 相似文献
8.
Diatomite was used as raw material to prepare sodium silicate with a modulus of 3.1 by alkalidissolution method and the resulted sodium silicate solution was employed as a precursor. Methyl methacrylate monomers were introduced in wet gels through solution-immersion, and upon heating at 70 ℃, the mesoporous surfaces throughout the skeletal framework were coated with the polymer layer. PMMA modified silica aerogels were successfully synthesized via ambient pressure drying. The properties were investigated by FTIR, NMR, TGA, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, FESEM and nano-indentation, etc. Results indicate that with the increasing of PMMA incorporated into silica aerogels, the bulk density and the BET surface area increase, the porosity decreases. Through the observation of FESEM, it is found that the interconnecting pores and the big pores add, the pore size distribution expands from 5-17 to 28-150 nm. By comparison, the PMMA modified silica aerogels achieve a 52-fold increase in hardness and a 10-fold increase in modulus. 相似文献
9.
Anna Galotta Enrico Giust Mauro Bortolotti Gian D. Sorarù Vincenzo M. Sglavo Mattia Biesuz 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2021,104(9):4329-4340
Diatomite, a natural silicate-based sedimentary rock, was densified by cold sintering at room temperature and 150°C under various pressures (100, 200, and 300 MPa) and using different NaOH water solutions (0–3 M). The relative density of cold sintered diatomite can be as high as 90%, a condition that can be achieved by conventional firing only at 1200–1300°C. The cold sintered materials maintain the same mineralogical composition of the starting powder (quartz, glass, and illite) and are constituted by well-deformed and flattened grains oriented orthogonally to the applied pressure. Conversely, an evident phase evolution takes place upon conventional firing with the formation of cristobalite and mullite. The bending strength of cold sintered artifacts can exceed 40 MPa and increases to ≈80 MPa after post-annealing at 800°C, such mechanical strength is much larger than that of conventionally pressed samples sintered at 800°C, which is only ≈1 MPa. 相似文献
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