Behavior of Sodium Oxide Aerosol in a Closed Chamber

The behavior of sodium oxide aerosol in a closed chamber was studied for the safety analysis of a Na-cooled fast reactor. The experimental apparatus and techniques are first described. The aerosol was released during a short time by blowing air onto heated Na in a 1 m³ chamber. The maximum mass concentration of the aerosol in the form of Na₂O ranged of 0.05 ～ 10g/m³. The particle size distribution, the aerosol mass concentration and the mass deposition rates were measured as a function of time.

It was found that the mass median diameter of the aerosol was related to the maximum mass concentration. To determine the character of the behavior of sodium oxide aerosol in the chamber, the density of the aerosol material and the thickness of the boundary layer through which the particles deposit on the chamber wall were observed. The initial half-time of the aerosol mass concentration was compared with the values numerically calculated under certain assumptions.     

核退役过程中尿氚的测量和氚生物半衰期的研究

用蒸馏和液体闪烁计数法测量了中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所原工作地点核退役过程中直接接触氚和间接接触氚工作者的尿样 ,氚浓度在 1 0 2 ～ 1 0 5Bq/L ,最大氚浓度为 2 .7× 1 0 5Bq/L ,折合剂量当量约为 0 .1 9mSv。短期观测了 2 3名氚生物半衰期 ,其范围为 5.5～ 1 4.8d ,平均值 9.ld ;中期观测了 5名氚生物半衰期 ,其范围为 7.6～ 9.4d ,平均值为 8.5d。观测的共 2 8名工作人员氚生物半衰期与理论值 1 0d接近 ,并且与国内外的观测值符合。     

阴阳离子表面活性剂复配型泡排剂的性能

该文运用阴阳离子表面活性剂复配体系具有协同效应和形成囊泡使泡沫稳定性增加的特点,优选出一类新型的用于气井泡沫排水的复配型泡排剂。结果表明,当阳离子表面活性剂的碳链长度小于16时,碳链越长,泡沫稳定性越好。利用正交实验设计,得到最佳质量比为m〔十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)〕∶m〔α-烯烃磺酸钠(AOS)〕∶m〔脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐(AES)〕∶m〔十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)〕=1∶2∶2∶2,半衰期接近SDS的4倍,引入聚氧乙烯链使泡沫稳定性增加。在一定Na+浓度范围内,体系泡沫黏度最大值为112 mPa.s,半衰期最大值为50 min;但Ca2+使体系容易形成沉淀,泡沫的性能变差。体系10 min时的泡沫携液体积为126.5 mL,与甲醇的配伍性好。     

A framework for half-time internship training in psychology.

In the past 50 years, psychology has so heavily emphasized the full-time internship as the preeminent training model that it has often overlooked the benefits of half-time internships for educators, students, the profession, and the populations that psychologists serve. This article makes a case for the nearly forgotten half-time predoctoral internship. The history and context of the half-time internship, culminating in a recent national conference, is presented. The benefits to students, doctoral programs, and the community are described, as well as obstacles and solutions for their implementation. Implications for developing more half-time internships for psychology stakeholders are also discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

新型起泡剂LZ的研制及评价

以ABS为起泡剂,HEC为稳泡剂,PESA为阻垢剂,咪唑啉季铵盐为缓蚀剂,制成新型起泡剂。实验结果表明,其缓蚀率为87.5%,阻垢率为98%。起泡剂受温度影响较大,温度为90℃时,泡沫的体积为370 mL,半衰期为6 min;泡沫性能受凝析油影响较小,受矿化度影响较大,当矿化度为8 000 mg/L时,泡沫体积仅为250 mL;气体流量为2.5 L/min时,携液率达28%。     

Temporal Change in Radiocesium Intake for USSR Residents

Abstract

The body burden of ¹³⁷Cs in individuals from the USSR who visited Japan and Japanese who returned from the USSR after various periods of stay there, was measured with a whole-body counter at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences. A compartment model was used to describe the temporal change in radiocesium body burden following the continuous ingestion of radiocesium. The daily amount of radiocesium intake in mBq per kg of body weight was estimated to have decreased with a half-time ranging from 391 to 920 days for adults in Kiev Ukraine after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident. Countermeasures against the consequences of the accident appear to have exempted the inhabitants from aggregation of radiocesium in their bodies. Differences in foodstuffs consumed should be taken into account when radiation health risks are compared with different age groups.     

泡沫沥青膨胀率和半衰期的理论测算

由于泡沫沥青处于非稳定状态,其膨胀与衰退过程具有较强的瞬态特征,真实地测量与评价泡沫沥青性能比较困难.为此,从泡沫沥青时空并行发生的机理角度,运用积分反推算法制订了两类泡沫沥青真实的衰减方程,提出了基于试验数据的理论膨胀率和理论半衰期的真实评价方法,通过沥青发泡试验验证了该评价方法的有效性,并从工程应用的角度制定了泡沫沥青理论评价的测算流程.     

克拉玛依油田六中区氮气泡沫驱室内配方研究

克拉玛依油田六中区属于砾岩普通稠油油藏,该区东部原始地层原油粘度80mPa·s,且有自东向西原油粘度逐渐升高、水驱采收率变差趋势。针对六中区流体性质开展了泡沫驱配方体系研究,该配方具有起泡能力强,半衰期长、泡沫粘度高和稳定性好等特点,通过室内一维物理模拟实验评价,注入量达到0.6VP,采收率提高可达40%以上。     

烷基糖苷对CO2驱泡沫的影响研究

以起泡体积、半衰期为指标,研究了疏水基链长对烷基糖苷(APG)形成CO_2泡沫的性能。结果表明,APG的疏水链越长泡沫越稳定,APG0814的起泡性能优于其他链长APG。研究了质量浓度对APG0814泡沫性能的影响,当APG0814的质量浓度为3 g/L时,形成的CO_2泡沫最稳定;质量浓度越高,起泡体积越大。通过物理模拟实验研究了气液比、实验压强对APG0814形成的CO_2泡沫降低气、水流度的影响,结果表明,气液比为2∶1时,CO_2、水流度降低幅度最大;实验压强越高,CO_2、水流度降低幅度越大。