Evidence of fluid evolution of Baoshan Cu−Pb−Zn polymetallic deposit: Constraints from in-situ sulfur isotope and trace element compositions of pyrite

In-situ LA-ICP-MS and S isotopes of pyrite from the Baoshan Cu polymetallic deposit were conducted to investigate the ore-forming process and the enrichment mechanism of elements. Three generations of pyrite (Py I, Py II, and Py III) in the skarn-type ores and pyrite in the carbonate-hosted sulfide ores from central, western, and northern (C_Py, W_Py, and N_Py) mining districts are selected for comparison. Compared with Py I and Py III, the contents of most elements in Py II are apparently higher. The As and Se contents are high within a wide range and are decoupled in the growth band of the C_Py. The highest As, Se, and Pb contents were found in W_Py and N_Py. These results indicate the drastic changes in the temperature and fluid mixing during the mineralization. The occurrence of fluctuation and change in temperature and f(O₂) was triggered by intermittent pulses of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids, mixing with meteoric water, and water−rock interactions. The sulfur isotopes of all species of pyrite indicated the magmatic source. The change in the f(O₂) conditions caused slight differences in the sulfur isotope compositions. Consequently, a metallogenic model was proposed to explain the ore-forming processes.     

聚乙烯醇对芳纶复合纱聚苯胺导电层耐久性影响

为提高聚苯胺导电层与基材之间的黏结牢度,以聚乙烯醇为共混高聚物,通过连续原位聚合法在对位芳纶纱线表面形成聚乙烯醇/聚苯胺导电层,制备得到芳纶/聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇复合导电纱。分析了导电纱的结构与性能,并研究了聚乙烯醇对聚苯胺导电层耐水洗和耐磨性的影响。结果表明:适量添加聚乙烯醇有助于提高导电纱导电层的结构规整性及电导率,随着聚乙烯醇质量分数的提高,导电纱的电导率呈先上升后下降的趋势,当聚乙烯醇占苯胺的质量分数为4.30%时,制得的复合导电纱线的电导率最高,达到(1.120±0.198) S/cm;聚乙烯醇的添加和质量分数的提高,有助于聚苯胺导电层耐水洗性及在较小外力作用下的耐磨性的提高。     

固溶处理对TiB2/6061复合材料硬度及耐磨性的影响

采用氟盐法制备了TiB₂质量分数为3%的原位合成TiB₂/6061复合材料,研究了固溶温度和固溶时间对复合材料硬度和耐磨性能的影响。结果表明:TiB₂颗粒弥散分布在6061铝合金基体中,明显细化6061铝合金基体晶粒。当固溶温度一定时,随固溶时间延长,复合材料的硬度和耐磨性可获得明显提高,但固溶时间在6~10 h时,复合材料的性能变化不显著。当固溶时间一定时,随固溶温度升高,复合材料硬度和耐磨性呈现先上升后下降的趋势。3wt%TiB₂/6061复合材料经530 ℃×10 h固溶处理后,硬度和耐磨性能最佳,相较于铸态硬度值提高了79.5％,磨损量减少了59.1%。固溶处理后复合材料的磨损表面犁沟变细变浅,材料脱落现象减少。     

氧气氧化脱除模拟柴油中的二苯并噻吩

The potential of carrying out oxidative desulfurization (ODS) using oxygen as an oxidant was explored in this work. Octane firstly reacted with oxygen to produce hydroperoxides in-situ, which were then used as oxidants to oxidize the dibenzothiophene (DBT) in the absence of catalysts. The hydroperoxides generated in-situ were effective in oxidizing DBT to its corresponding dibenzothiophene sulfone (DBTO2) which was characterized by FT-IR and H1-NMR. The removal of DBT can reached to 98.4% at 140 °C, 4 h, oxygen partial pressure 0.4 MPa. The influences of different hydrocarbon components in diesel oil on DBT removal were investigated. The results showed that cyclohexane and n-dodecane had no effect on the removal of DBT, but the xylene had a slight negative effect on DBT removal. The possible oxidation mechanism was proposed and the concentration of hydroperoxides in both O2-oxidized octane and model diesel oil were detected.     

有机添加剂法制备原位晶化型大孔催化裂化催化剂

采用淀粉及聚合物-PDDA（聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵）分别作为有机添加剂，通过原位晶化方法制备NaY/高岭土复合物及催化裂化催化剂，并采用XRD、N2吸附及ACE装置进行表征和评价。结果表明：引入淀粉或者聚合物-PDDA后，NaY/高岭土复合物结晶度从18%增加到24%，引入淀粉后，复合物介孔孔体积从0.180 cm3/g提升到0.355 cm3/g，而引入PDDA，复合物介孔孔体积进一步增加到0.431 cm3/g；与空白试验相比，引入淀粉和PDDA所制备催化剂，油浆产率分别降低1.98百分点和2.43百分点，总液体收率增加2.55百分点和3.07百分点。     

Enhanced heavy oil recovery and performance by application of catalytic in-situ combustion

Combustion tube experiments were carried out under various conditions to investigate the performance of catalytic in-situ combustion for recovering heavy oil. Compared with baseline experiment, the catalytic combustion exhibited better performance. Fractional oxygen gas in effluent gases was reduced by 2.9%, while fractional carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide was increased by 1.0% and 0.6%, respectively. Oxygen utilization efficiency was increased by 2.1% and apparent H/C atom ratio was lowered by 0.9%. The combustion performance was obtained under optimum experimental condition of air injection rate of 2.9?mL/min, preheated temperature of 190?°C, and grain-size gradation 2.     

含煤盆地深层“超饱和”煤层气形成条件

中国深层煤层气资源丰富，但总体勘探和认识程度较低，尚未形成较为系统的深层煤层气地质理论。通过解剖分析准噶尔盆地白家海凸起和鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块深层"超饱和"煤层气井的试气/生产动态，估算原地游离气的含气量，分析了深层"超饱和"煤层气的形成条件。研究表明：①深层"超饱和"煤层气储层中除吸附气外，还含有原地游离气，用常规试气方法可直接获得气流，煤层气的产出不明显依赖于排水降压；②埋藏超过一定深度，在煤阶和温度的综合作用下，煤的吸附能力将随埋深的继续增加而降低，煤层中吸附气的饱和度有增加的趋势，在达到吸附饱和后，出现原地游离气并形成"超饱和"煤层气，盆地深层具有"超饱和"煤层气形成的优势条件；③由于地温梯度和压力梯度的不同，不同盆地"超饱和"煤层气出现的临界深度不同，异常高压和异常高热流可以降低深层"超饱和"煤层气形成的临界深度；④深层"超饱和"煤层气开发具有大大缩短见气时间、充分利用地层能量和累积产水量低等优势，有望成为未来煤层气勘探开发的一个重要领域。     

采用薄膜热电偶的多层印刷电路板原位钻削温度测量

针对工业用多层印刷电路板(PCB)加工过程中钻削温度难以准确测量的技术难题，提出了一种基于薄膜热电偶的PCB各板层原位钻削温度测量方法。根据PCB的截面结构采用材料叠层建模方法对PCB钻削过程进行建模仿真，掌握了钻削过程中PCB钻削温度的分布及变化情况，并确定了传感器最佳镀膜位置为钻头进给方向的垂直底部。采用直流脉冲磁控溅射技术，在不同层数的PCB上制备薄膜热电偶传感器，并对其静、动态性能进行研究，结果表明所研制的温度传感器在30~200 ℃范围内，塞贝克系数为37.4 μV/℃，非线性误差不超过0.65%，动态响应时间为0.095ms。对不同层数的PCB进行了多组钻削温度测量实验，结果显示，钻削过程中4层、12层、20层的最高钻削温度分别为49.30 ℃、53.90 ℃、63.90 ℃，且每组重复实验的温度相对稳定，温度测量误差不超过0.8 ℃。该测量方法为PCB高速钻削工艺改进提供了参考。     

靶面激光光斑尺寸原位测量的研究

提供了一种简便易行的靶面激光光斑尺寸原位测量的方法。从高斯光束的横向光强分布特性出发,建立了激光烧蚀斑半径与辐照激光能量、光斑尺寸、烧蚀阈值间的关系式,模拟分析发现辐照激光光斑尺寸对烧蚀斑半径随辐照能量变化曲线有较大影响。对于脉宽为2 ms,波长为1064 nm的激光,实验测量了不同能量激光辐照下相纸烧蚀斑半径,并用推导出的关系式拟合测量数据,获得了靶面处光斑尺寸和样品烧蚀阈值。同时,也测量了不同位置处的光斑尺寸和样品烧蚀阈值,对高斯光束束腰位置和样品烧蚀阈值的光斑尺寸效应进行了验证。研究结果表明该技术结果可靠,简单高效。该技术可以为高能激光与固体物质相互作用的基础研究和激光加工等应用领域中实现简单方便地测量靶面光斑尺寸提供帮助。