The Modification of Chrome Tanned Leather by Polyethylene Glycol-Linked Gemini Fatty Alcohol Phosphate

A series of polyethylene glycol-linked Gemini fatty alcohol phosphate surfactants (GFAP) were prepared with long chain n-alkanol (C = 8, 12, 16, 18), polyethylene glycol (PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-800, PEG-1000) and phosphorus oxychloride (POCl₃). The structure of the prepared surfactants was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). The surfactants were employed for the modification of chrome-tanned leather. The morphological changes of chrome-tanned leather and modified chrome-tanned leather were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The relationship between the alkyl chain length and molecular weight of the PEG and the hydrophobicity, softness, mechanical strength of modified chrome-tanned leather was also discussed. The experimental results showed that the mechanical strength and softness of modified chrome-tanned leather were enhanced with an increase of alkyl chain length, while the hydrophobicity, mechanical strength and softness were decreased with an increase of molecular weight of the PEG. The hydrophobicity, mechanical strength and softness of modified chrome-tanned leather were optimized for an alkyl chain length of 16. Therefore, 16–200 Gemini phosphate surfactants with an alkyl chain length of 16 and a PEG molecular weight of 200 have a good comprehensive modification effect on Chrome-tanned leather, the tensile strength, tear strength and softness of modified chrome-tanned leather are 57.07 N mm⁻², 79.49 N mm⁻¹, 9.73 mm, respectively.     

超细纤维合成革的染色与功能整理研究进展

为了解决超细纤维合成革在制备、染色以及功能整理等方面出现的问题,系统阐述了超细纤维合成革的发展历程以及未来超细纤维合成革的发展方向;分析了染色工艺、染色助剂、染色基布的改性对聚酰胺超细纤维合成革染色性能的影响,评述了聚酯超细纤维合成革的染色现状;总结了国内超细纤维合成革经功能整理后的附加性能,包括阻燃、防污、抗静电、抗菌、耐寒、调温等。最后指出了未来超细纤维合成革在制备方式、高性能染色以及功能化整理方面应大力发展的方向,以对企业的产品优化升级、提高产品的市场竞争力提供指导。     

逆转铬鞣工艺技术的研究进展

消除铬排放是制革工业持续发展迫切需要解决的关键科技问题。采用现有制革技术，铬鞣及其之后的所有水相操作工序都会排放铬，还会产生含铬皮革固体废物，这使得完全消除制革过程的铬排放几乎不可能实现。针对这一问题，本文介绍了以消除铬排放为目标的逆转铬鞣工艺技术。较系统地综述了该技术中的无铬预鞣单元、染整单元、末端铬鞣单元及含铬废水处理等单元过程的研究进展，分析了尚存在的问题和未来的研发方向。提出以“无铬预鞣单元-染整单元-末端铬鞣单元”为核心，通过对制革单元过程实施重组和耦合优化来构建逆转铬鞣工艺技术，可在保证成革品质的同时大幅削减了含铬污染物的产生，并使铬的完全回收和处理变得简单易行，为彻底解决制革工业的铬排放问题提供了参考。     

环保仍然是皮革业的重中之重

中国皮革做为全球皮革生产大国之一,其在经过多年的快速发展,已面向全新的发展阶段。现阶段,皮革行业自身在多方面的压力下,面临着新机遇与新挑战,因此应明确新的发展方向。世界皮业大会的召开,对皮业当前以及未来经济形式的变化发展提出相应策略,并对皮革业的持续发展、升级转型、协同产业链以及社会责任进行深度探索,为皮革业目前以及未来发展面临的挑战提供一定的帮助,从而保障皮革业在社会中的可持续发展。     

超细纤维合成革基布的制备及其性能

为提高聚酯/聚酰胺6(PET/PA6)中空超细纤维合成革基布的透湿性、柔软性,将聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维与PET/PA6超细纤维混合,通过水刺固网的方法制备出PAN-PET/PA6微/纳米超细纤维合成革基布并进行碱处理,分析了PAN纳米纤维质量分数对革基布透气性、透湿性、吸湿性、柔软度及力学性能的影响。结果表明:当革基布面密度一定时,随着PAN纳米纤维质量分数的增加,革基布的透湿性、吸湿性、柔软度、撕裂性能提升,而透气性能和断裂强力有所下降;当PAN纳米纤维质量分数为20%时,革基布的透湿率提升了15.19%,吸水量提高了23.53%,柔软度增加了38.17%;经碱处理后,革基布的亲水性有了明显改善,透湿率提升了23.81%,吸水量提高了42.26%,柔软度提高了23.20%。     

石墨烯改性有机硅皮革手感剂稳定体系研究与应用

石墨烯改性有机硅因具有的优异性能受到广泛研究,但因有机硅活性过强,易交联固化而影响使用性能。以石墨烯基改性有机硅为原料,对比不同酸、醇、共价卤化物对石墨烯改性有机硅的解聚性能,以黏度和紫外光透光率为指标,通过正交试验将三元稳定体系组装,研究结果表明:稳定剂的解聚性能不宜过强,因此当乙醇用量为10.0%,三氯化铝用量为5.0%时,用盐酸将pH值调节至3.5,此组合下,石墨烯改性有机硅乳液15天内黏度基本保持不变,透光率稳定为67.8±1.2%。将该乳液应用于皮革顶层涂饰,能显著提升皮革的防水性能。     

Numerical modeling assessment of mechanical effect in bovine leather drying process

Leather manufacturing involves a crucial energy-intensive drying stage in the finishing process to remove its residual moisture and generates important heat gradients. The numerical model presented in this study has been developed to describe the drying process of porous medium: bovine leather that undergoes deformation due to shrinkage. The mathematical formulation of fundamental heat, mass and momentum transfers’ phenomena during drying summarizes a two-dimensional model considering elastic behavior of bovine leather. The evolution of moisture content, temperature, and mechanical stresses during drying was discussed. The model was validated with experimental results. Numerical simulations show good agreement with experimental results. The study shows that the elastic model keeps the stress sign at the final stage of drying. The deformations induce tensional stresses near the surface equilibrated by compressive stresses within the product. They reached their maximum for normal stresses equal to 5.97 and 3.52?MPa at around 2145 and 868?s, respectively, for normal stresses along x and y directions and then decrease.     

用于汽车内部的环保型人造皮革及其制造方法

在皮革行业稳定发展的大环境下,国内消费群体对人造皮革的依赖程度迅速增加的同时,其对人造皮革的制造工艺也提出了更深层次的要求。随着社会的不断发展和国内皮革市场的迅速崛起,环保似乎已经成为新时代下皮革市场的行业关键词。自《环境保护法》颁布以来,皮革行业正发生着翻天覆地的变化,其中部分高污染、低效能的皮革企业正面临着即将被淘汰的危机。而绿色环保生产理念是如今皮革企业的新代名词,旨在实现皮革行业生态化、规范化和绿色化的战略发展目标,从而大力推动国内皮革行业长期稳定地发展。     

Fabrication of highly electrical synthetic leather with polyurethane/poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate)

Poly(ethylene-3,4-dioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonic acid)(PEDOT/PSS) water dispersions are commercially available, and various coating formulations for substrates, such as glass, plastics, and ceramics, have been suggested. Recently, it was found that the addition of a small amount of organic solvent, such as ethylene glycol (EG) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), to the aqueous dispersion of PEDOT/PSS increases the conductivity significantly. This study examined how a combination of solvent addition affects the PEDOT/PSS conductivity of artificial leather (napping fabric with short fur). In addition, the sustainability of the PEDOT/PSS conductivity for the common use of artificial leather was investigated using abrasion and tension cycle tests. The electric conductivity of the leather increased in the order of EG < DMSO < EG + DMSO. The sustainability of the PEDOT/PSS conductivity in the case of EG + DMSO was superior to that of the EG or DMSO solvents. The padding process was found to be a more effective method for achieving durability against abrasion and tension cycle with a lower deposit weight than when using the coating process. The mechanical properties of the synthetic leather using the padding process also showed high performance compared to the coating process.