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1.
采用沉水植物表面流湿地(沉水组)、挺水植物表面流湿地(挺水组)和浮床湿地(浮床组)3种盐沼湿地对长江口近岸低污染水体进行脱氮除磷效能的研究。结果表明,HRT为3 d时,水组、挺水组、浮床组对NO3^--N的去除率在高温时段分别为79.9%±13.2%、71.8%±15.2%、77.2%±13.2%,中温时段分别为39.4%±13.7%、31.5%±8.5%、18.4%±16.6%,低温时段分别为15.6%±14.6%、19.7%±8.6%、2.%5±8.6%。沉水组和挺水组对TP的去除率受温度影响较小,分别为66.4%±32.4%、55.5%±29.4%;而浮床组除磷效果受温度影响较大。当HRT缩短为1.5 d时,3组湿地系统在高温时段仍可达到相近的脱氮除磷效果,在中低温时段脱氮除磷效果都有不同程度的下降。 相似文献
2.
为解决沧州市涉地税源管理手段单一等问题,文中提出以测绘地理信息技术为支撑,通过对多源数据组织管理,建立风险分析指标,采用多种GIS空间分析方法构建了涉地风险税源识别模式并在沧州进行应用。结果表明:该模式能有效识别多种涉地风险,为涉地税源管理提供了支撑。 相似文献
3.
针对某炼油装置氮气供需矛盾突出的问题,提出采用变压吸附(PSA)制氮设备,利用空压站净化风生产氮气方案,(1)降低空压站多余风量放空,减少浪费;(2)正常生产情况下,利用PSA设备生产氮气,对供氮管网压力调节。针对上述方案,结合空压站供风现状进行分析,得出结论:利用PSA制氮设备满足炼油装置高峰用氮是可行的,并提出了具体措施和运行过程中应注意的问题。 相似文献
4.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(9):6078-6088
The widespread use of fuel cell technology is hampered by the use of expensive and scarce platinum metal in electrodes which is required to facilitate the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this work, a viable synthetic approach was developed to prepare iron-based sulfur and nitrogen dual doped porous carbon (Fe@SNDC) for use in ORR. Benzimidazole, a commercially available monomer, was used as a precursor for N doped carbon and calcined with potassium thiocyanate at different temperatures to tune the pore size, nitrogen content and different types of nitrogen functionality such as pyridinic, pyrrolic and graphitic. The Fe@SNDC–950 with high surface area, optimum N content of about 5 at% and high amount of pyridinic and graphitic N displayed an onset potential and half-wave potential of 0.98 and 0.83 V vs RHE, respectively, in 0.1 M KOH solution. The catalyst also exhibits similar oxygen reduction reaction performance compared to Pt/C (20 wt%) in acidic media. Furthermore, when compared to commercially available Pt/C (20 wt%), Fe@SNDC–950 showed enhanced durability over 6 h and poison tolerance in case of methanol crossover with the concentration up to 3.0 M in oxygen saturated alkaline electrolyte. Our study demonstrates that the presence of N and S along with Fe-N moieties synergistically served as ORR active sites while the high surface area with accessible pores allowed for efficient mass transfer and interaction of oxygen molecules to the active sites contributing to the ORR activity of the catalyst. 相似文献
5.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(8):10817-10820
Single-crystal grains of TaN were synthesized by heating Ta2O5, FeTa2O6, or FeTaO4 in a BN crucible together with Na metal in an Ar atmosphere at 1100 °C. The BN crucible acted a solid source of nitrogen. Aggregates of columnar ε-TaN single crystals 10–150 μm in size were formed on the inner wall of the BN crucible when either Ta2O5 or FeTa2O6 was used. On the other hand, platelet-like single crystals of θ-TaN 1–50 μm in size were obtained from FeTaO4. The results of wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectrometry indicated that the compositions of the ε-TaN and θ-TaN crystals were close to the stoichiometric ideal. 相似文献
6.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(6):3550-3555
Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR) offers a carbon-neutral process to fix nitrogen into ammonia, but its feasibility depends on the development of highly efficient electrocatalysts. Herein, we report that Fe ion grafted on MoO3 nanorods synthesized by an impregnation technique can efficiently enhance the electron harvesting ability and the selectivity of H+ during the NRR process in neutral electrolyte. In 0.1 M Na2SO4 solution, the electrocatalyst exhibited a remarkable NRR activity with an NH3 yield of 9.66 μg h?1 mg?1cat and a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 13.1%, far outperforming the ungrafted MnO3. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the Fe sites are major activation centers along the alternating pathway. 相似文献
7.
随着区域城市人口增加和人民生活水平提高,江淮丘陵区中小河流水环境污染问题日益突出,成为区域社会经济发展的主要制约因素之一。本文以位于江淮丘陵区马槽河流域为研究对象,通过资料收集、问卷调查、实地勘察等手段,查明该地区入河污染物指标 COD、氨氮、TN、TP 主要贡献因素及占比,其中生活污染(51%,40%,54%,28%)、面源污染(6%,38%,9%,42%)、畜禽养殖(39%,15%,17%,25%)三类型贡献占比 90%以上,内源污染和水产养殖较少。针对污染源调查结果特征,提出镇区管网完善、农村分散处理、畜禽粪污处理、养殖废水农田消纳、污染缓冲带设置、径流拦截与再利用、河流生态化改造等治理建议,可为今后中小河流污染源调查与治理提供借鉴。 相似文献
8.
《Advanced Powder Technology》2022,33(6):103628
The charge sources, as well as the charging mechanism of the contact electrification (CE) of polymers, are still debatable. Since CE is accompanied by destruction, it is considered that “hard contacting” via ball milling can induce covalent bond scission and produce naked-activated-charge sources. Regarding “soft contacting” via nano-scale sliding, which does not induce covalent bond scission, a frontier-electron, “f-electron,” of the naked-activated-charge source is crucial to electron transfer among the naked-activated-charge sources. Here, we configure naked-activated-charge-source models, naked-activated-mechano-anion, and naked-activated-mechano-cation, which are produced by mechanical energy induced heterogeneous covalent bond scission, as well as naked-activated-mechano-radicals that are produced by homogeneous covalent bond scission. Regarding “soft contacting” among naked-activated-charge sources in a vacuum, f-electron can be transferred from a donor to an acceptor if the energy level of the donor is higher than that of the acceptor. The net amount of the normalized transferred-f-electrons is obtained by adopting settings in which the average energy level of the naked-activated-charge sources (as the donors) is higher than that of the sources employed as acceptors. Thus, the surfaces comprising the donors and acceptors will exhibit positive and negative net surface charges, respectively. We conclude that net surface charges depend on the average energy level of naked-activated-charge sources. Further, we observe that the alignment of polyethylene (PE)-polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to the average energy level is identical to that of the triboelectric series. 相似文献
9.
Yuchi Wan Hongjiang Zhou Muyun Zheng Zheng-Hong Huang Feiyu Kang Jia Li Ruitao Lv 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(30):2100300
Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a promising strategy for ammonia (NH3) production under ambient conditions. However, it is severely impeded by the challenging activation of the NN bond and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which makes it crucial to design electrocatalysts rationally for efficient NRR. Herein, the rational design of bismuth (Bi) nanoparticles with different oxidation states embedded in carbon nanosheets (Bi@C) as efficient NRR electrocatalysts is reported. The NRR performance of Bi@C improves with the increase of Bi0/Bi3+ atomic ratios, indicating that the oxidation state of Bi plays a significant role in electrochemical ammonia synthesis. As a result, the Bi@C nanosheets annealed at 900 ° C with the optimal oxidation state of Bi demonstrate the best NRR performance with a high NH3 yield rate and remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 15.10 ± 0.43% at − 0.4 V versus RHE. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the effective modulation of the oxidation state of Bi can tune the p-filling of active Bi sites and strengthen adsorption of *NNH, which boost the potential-determining step and facilitate the electrocatalytic NRR under ambient conditions. This work may offer valuable insights into the rational material design by modulating oxidation states for efficient electrocatalysis. 相似文献
10.
Siqi Yu Qin Wang Jianwei Wang Yong Xiang Xiaobin Niu Tingshuai Li 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(27):14331-14337
Artificial nitrogen fixation is emerging as a promising approach for synthesis of ammonia at mild conditions. Inspired by biological nitrogen fixation based on bacteria containing iron, zinc doped Fe2O3 nanoparticles are proposed as an efficient and earth abundant electrocatalyst for converting N2 to NH3. In neutral media, it achieves a maximum Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 10.4% and a large NH3 yield rate of 15.1 μg h?1 mg?1cat. at ?0.5 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode. This catalyst also exhibits excellent selectivity and stability. Theoretical calculations suggest the reaction follows the associative enzymatic mechanism and it has a barrier of as low as 0.68 eV. 相似文献