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1.
The flame retardant polypropylene containing the micro-envelope core-shell structure flame retardant, which encapsulated ammonium polyphosphate into melamine-formaldehyde resin and sodium silicate through in situ polymerization was prepared with polyamide 6, added as a carbon-forming agent. The composition of ammonium polyphosphate, encapsulated ammonium polyphosphate with melamine-formaldehyde resin and the micro-envelope core-shell structure flame retardant were characterized. The fire safety and thermal stability were investigated and showed an improvement including limiting oxygen index, thermogravimetric analysis, vertical burning tests, and microscale combustion calorimeter. The burned compounds were also studied to confirm the burning mechanism. The results showed the flame retardant performance had been greatly improved, while polyamide 6 had better char-forming effect. Besides, the water solubility of flame retardants and their influence on the mechanical properties of polypropylene were also investigated. The results on the effects of additives demonstrated a high efficiency flame retardant to polypropylene. A core-shell flame retardant that sodium silicate and melamine-formaldehyde resin-coated ammonium polyphosphate had been constructed. The effect of the built flame retardant system on the combustion performance of polypropylene was studied from the mechanism and performance. The LOI of the most flame retardant polypropylene reached 28.6%, and UL-94 reached the V-0 level.  相似文献   
2.
陈旭丽  魏静  汪佳兵 《金属学报》2021,26(3):350-360
近年来,IκB激酶β(inhibitor kappa B kinaseβ, IKKβ)在肿瘤发生发展过程中的作用逐渐被发现。IKKβ通过作用多种分子通路参与肿瘤细胞增殖、存活等过程,抑制IKKβ已被确定为治疗癌症有希望的手段。研究人员开发一系列IKKβ抑制剂,发现它们能够有效抑制肿瘤的生长,但目前尚无IKKβ抑制剂投入到临床上治疗癌症。在这篇综述中,我们将介绍IKKβ介导肿瘤发生发展及主要IKKβ抑制剂的研究进展。  相似文献   
3.
This research aims to study the effect of ammonium polyphosphate and expandable graphite on the intumescent coating formulations (ICF). The coating presented in this research article is based on carbon source expandable graphite (EG), blowing agent melamine, acid source ammonium polyphosphate (APP), epoxy resin as a binder with polyamide amine. The stability of the developed coating was verified at 950°C for 1-hour fire test. The results showed that the coating is stable and well bond with the steel substrate. The char was characterized by using FESEM, XRD, FTIR, DTA, TGA, XPS, Py-GCMS and Weathering Test. The morphology of the char was studied by SEM of the coating after furnace fire test. XRD and FTIR show the presence of graphite, borophosphate; boron oxide and sassolite in the residual char. TGA and DTG disclosed that EG improved the residual mass of coating. XPS analysis showed the char residue of IF5-APP-EG contains carbon and oxygen contents 47.50 and 40.70, respectively. Py-GCMS analysis described that the IF5-APP-EG released less gaseous compounds. The weathering test illustrated that's the char expansion of coatings samples was decreased due to the presence of a humid environment and UV light. The IF5-APP-EG showed the maximum char expansion, lower substrate temperature and high residual weight among the studied formulations.  相似文献   
4.
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to modulate multiple signaling events in cells. PDEs are recognized to actively associate with cyclic nucleotide receptors (protein kinases, PKs) in larger macromolecular assemblies referred to as signalosomes. Complexation of PDEs with PKs generates an expanded active site that enhances PDE activity. This facilitates signalosome-associated PDEs to preferentially catalyze active hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotides bound to PKs and aid in signal termination. PDEs are important drug targets, and current strategies for inhibitor discovery are based entirely on targeting conserved PDE catalytic domains. This often results in inhibitors with cross-reactivity amongst closely related PDEs and attendant unwanted side effects. Here, our approach targeted PDE–PK complexes as they would occur in signalosomes, thereby offering greater specificity. Our developed fluorescence polarization assay was adapted to identify inhibitors that block cyclic nucleotide pockets in PDE–PK complexes in one mode and disrupt protein-protein interactions between PDEs and PKs in a second mode. We tested this approach with three different systems—cAMP-specific PDE8–PKAR, cGMP-specific PDE5–PKG, and dual-specificity RegA–RD complexes—and ranked inhibitors according to their inhibition potency. Targeting PDE–PK complexes offers biochemical tools for describing the exquisite specificity of cyclic nucleotide signaling networks in cells.  相似文献   
5.
Lung cancer represents an extremely diffused neoplastic disorder with different histological/molecular features. Among the different lung tumors, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most represented histotype, characterized by various molecular markers, including the expression/overexpression of the fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR1). Thus, FGF/FGFR blockade by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKi) or FGF-ligand inhibitors may represent a promising therapeutic approach in lung cancers. In this study we demonstrate the potential therapeutic benefit of targeting the FGF/FGFR system in FGF-dependent lung tumor cells using FGF trapping (NSC12) or TKi (erdafitinib) approaches. The results show that inhibition of FGF/FGFR by NSC12 or erdafitinib induces apoptosis in FGF-dependent human squamous cell carcinoma NCI-H1581 and NCI-H520 cells. Induction of oxidative stress is the main mechanism responsible for the therapeutic/pro-apoptotic effect exerted by both NSC12 and erdafitinib, with apoptosis being abolished by antioxidant treatments. Finally, reduction of c-Myc protein levels appears to strictly determine the onset of oxidative stress and the therapeutic response to FGF/FGFR inhibition, indicating c-Myc as a key downstream effector of FGF/FGFR signaling in FGF-dependent lung cancers.  相似文献   
6.
Psychotropic Psilocybe mushrooms biosynthesize their principal natural product psilocybin in five steps, among them a phosphotransfer and two methyltransfer reactions, which consume one equivalent of 5′-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and two equivalents of S-adenosyl-l -methionine (SAM). This short but co-substrate-intensive pathway requires nucleoside cofactor salvage to maintain high psilocybin production rates. We characterized the adenosine kinase (AdoK) and S-adenosyl-l -homocysteine (SAH) hydrolase (SahH) of Psilocybe cubensis. Both enzymes are directly or indirectly involved in regenerating SAM. qRT-PCR expression analysis revealed an induced expression of the genes in the fungal primordia and carpophores. A one-pot in vitro reaction with the N-methyltransferase PsiM of the psilocybin pathway demonstrates a concerted action with SahH to facilitate biosynthesis by removal of accumulating SAH.  相似文献   
7.
We have developed a new tool for the optical control of cellular ATP concentrations with a photocaged adenylate kinase (Adk). The photocaged Adk is generated by substituting a catalytically essential lysine with a hydroxycoumarin-protected lysine through site-specific unnatural amino acid mutagenesis in both E. coli and mammalian cells. Caging of the critical lysine residue offers complete suppression of Adk's phosphotransferase activity and rapid restoration of its function both in vitro and in vivo upon optical stimulation. Light-activated Adk renders faster rescue of cell growth than chemically inducible expression of wild-type Adk in E. coli as well as rapid ATP depletion in mammalian cells. Thus, caging Adk provides a new tool for direct conditional perturbation of cellular ATP concentrations thereby enabling the investigation of ATP-coupled physiological events in temporally dynamic contexts.  相似文献   
8.
9.
周期蛋白依赖性激酶4/6(cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6,CDK4/6) 是一类丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,通过与细胞周期蛋白D(cyclin D)结合,调节视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白(Rb)的磷酸化状态,Rb磷酸化后与E2F转录因子分离,释放的E2F可以自由激活一系列基因表达,参与DNA复制和细胞分裂,从而介导细胞G1/S期转换,影响细胞周期的进程。近年研究发现CDK4/6在多种肿瘤发生和发展过程中起着核心作用,已成为临床多种肿瘤治疗的重要分子靶点。本文将对CDK4/6与肿瘤的关系以及CDK4/6抑制剂临床应用的最新研究进展做一综述。  相似文献   
10.
以放牧和舍饲两种饲养条件下12月龄苏尼特羊股二头肌为实验材料,利用酶联免疫吸附测定法和实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应法对肌内脂肪沉积动态平衡中脂肪酸β氧化一磷酸腺苷激活蛋白激酶(AMP-activated proteinkinase,AMPK)-乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(acetyl-CoAcarboxylase,ACC)-肉毒碱脂酰转移酶1(carnitine palmitoyltransferase,CPT1)通路所涉及的相关酶活力和质量浓度、相关基因mRNA表达量及肉品品质等指标进行测定,研究不同饲养方式对AMPK-ACC-CPT1信号通路相关指标、肌内脂肪含量及肉品品质产生的影响。结果表明:放牧饲养组羊股二头肌AMPK质量浓度、AMPK活力、CPT1质量浓度、AMPK mRNA表达量、亮度、黄度和剪切力显著大于舍饲饲养组(P0.05);放牧饲养组羊股二头肌ACC活力、ACC mRNA表达量、肌内脂肪含量显著低于舍饲饲养组(P0.05)。由此可见,放牧饲养可以一定程度上激活AMPK-ACC-CPT1通路,从而减少肌内脂肪沉积,增加羊肉亮度和黄度,降低嫩度,进而影响肉品品质。  相似文献   
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