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Avnish Verma Ayse Orme Merve Vytautas Remekevi
ius Pola Sobiecka Luke Taylor Scott Lawton Ben P Jones Elena Polycarpou Jason Bennett Brian Rooney 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(5)
Cocaine is one of the most widely abused illicit drugs worldwide and has long been recognised as an agent of cardiac dysfunction in numerous cases of drug overdose. Cocaine has previously been shown to up-regulate cytoskeletal rearrangements and morphological changes in numerous tissues; however, previous literature observes such changes primarily in clinical case reports and addiction studies. An investigation into the fundamental cytoskeletal parameters of migration, adhesion and proliferation were studied to determine the cytoskeletal and cytotoxic basis of cocaine in cardiac cells. Treatment of cardiac myocytes with cocaine increased cell migration and adhesion (p < 0.05), with no effect on cell proliferation, except with higher doses eliciting (1–10 μg/mL) its diminution and increase in cell death. Cocaine downregulated phosphorylation of cofilin, decreased expression of adhesion modulators (integrin-β3) and increased expression of ezirin within three hours of 1 μg/mL treatments. These functional responses were associated with changes in cellular morphology, including alterations in membrane stability and a stellate-like phenotype with less compaction between cells. Higher dose treatments of cocaine (5–10 μg/mL) were associated with significant cardiomyocyte cell death (p < 0.05) and loss of cellular architecture. These results highlight the importance of cocaine in mediating cardiomyocyte function and cytotoxicity associated with the possible loss of intercellular contacts required to maintain normal cell viability, with implications for cardiotoxicity relating to hypertrophy and fibrogenesis. 相似文献
3.
目的 为了解决目前三维数据隐藏算法不能兼顾无失真和盲提取的问题,提出一种新的完全无失真的三维网格模型数据隐藏盲算法。方法 首先使用混沌逻辑映射选择嵌入与提取模式,保证数据的安全性。然后利用面元素重排,完全不会造成三维模型失真的性质,通过不同嵌入模式规则对三角面元素进行重排,以嵌入秘密数据。接收端则可根据相应的提取模式规则提取秘密数据。结果 仿真结果与分析表明,该算法不会对三维模型造成任何失真,嵌入容量为每顶点2比特,且能抵抗仿射变换攻击、噪声攻击和平滑攻击等。结论 这种三维数据隐藏盲算法无失真,容量大、安全性高、鲁棒性强,适用于三维载体不容修改的情形,如军事、医学、秘密通信和版权保护等。 相似文献
4.
黄玫瑾 《吉林化工学院学报》2022,39(11):93-96
Trudinger-Moser不等式在研究带有临界指数增长非线性项的偏微分方程解的存在性问题上有着重要的应用.在径向空间中利用施瓦兹对称重排,基于单位分解的技巧取截断函数是证明Trudinger-Moser不等式的两种主要方法. 相似文献
5.
Grigor B. Bantchev Kenneth M. Doll Girma Biresaw Karl E. Vermillion 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2014,91(12):2117-2123
Reactions of epoxidized alkyl soyate with four different alcohols: ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, 2‐ethylhexanol, benzyl alcohol, in the presence of Brønsted acid catalyst, were investigated. Products, not reported in prior studies of similar reactions, were found. These were furan fatty acid alkyl esters (FFE, mixture of alkyl 8‐(5‐hexyl‐2‐furyl) octanoate and alkyl 9‐(5‐pentyl‐2‐furyl)nonanoate) which were unambiguously identified by means of GC–MS and two‐dimensional NMR. Evidence suggests that the FFE are formed by an acid‐catalyzed rearrangement of the epoxidized linoleates. The FFE were formed in presence of all four alcohols tested and in the presence of either sulfuric acid or Amberlyst 15 catalyst. Yields of up to 13 %, as quantified by GC and NMR spectroscopies, were observed. 相似文献
6.
以2,3-二羟基苯甲酸为原料,经酚羟基烷基化保护、羧酸叠氮化、Curtius重排、水解成盐四步反应以35%的总收率合成了5-氨基-1,4-苯并二恶烷盐酸盐,其结构经1H-NMR确认。由于合理的反应溶剂选择和反应温度控制,减少了副反应的发生、简化了工艺操作、降低了分离难度、提高了收率和产品纯度,使得该路线适合于工业化生产。 相似文献
7.
综述了环己酮肟在发烟硫酸条件下液相重排生成己内酰胺的相关新工艺、新设备及新技术,并对其进行了概括和分析. 相似文献
8.
Chaoren Shen Wanfang Li Hongfei Yin Anke Spannenberg Troels Skrydstrup Xiao‐Feng Wu 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》2016,358(3):466-479
An unexpected palladium‐catalyzed carbonylative synthesis of 2,3‐disubstituted chromones has been developed. Starting from 2‐bromofluorobenzenes and ketones, the corresponding chromones were produced in good yields. By control experiments, this transformation was found to proceed through a sequential carbonylation/Claisen–Hasse rearrangement/intramolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitution approach (SNAr). More specifically, the reaction sequence started with a palladium‐catalyzed carbonylation of the ketone with o‐bromofluorobenzene to give the vinyl benzoates, which subsequently transformed into 1,3‐diketones via a Claisen–Hasse rearrangement. The final products were produced after an intramolecular SNAr reaction of the in situ formed 1,3‐diketone.
9.
Pei‐Fang Li Cheng‐Bo Yi Shu‐Jian Ren Jin Qu 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》2016,358(13):2088-2092
A divergent approach to generate either 1‐hydroxymethylindenes (which could then be converted to benzofulvenes through a dehydration reaction) or naphthalenes by the rearrangement of cycloprop[2,3]inden‐1‐ols is reported. The effect of the cyclopropyl ring substitution pattern on ring‐opening/expansion rearrangements of the substrates was systemically studied.
10.
Kanchan Mal Sandip Naskar Shovan Kumar Sen Ramalingam Natarajan Indrajit Das 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》2016,358(20):3212-3230
We report herein an efficient and mechanistically unique tandem chemoselective 1,2‐/1,4‐migration of the thio group in keto thioesters that provides substituted butenolides in moderate to excellent yields. Thus, α‐keto thioesters in the presence of stabilized phosphonate carbanions undergo tandem 1,2‐sulfur migration; whereas 1,4‐migration of the thio group has been achieved with the same thioesters after the treatment with Wittig reagents followed by BF3⋅OEt2‐catalyzed tandem reaction. The crossover experiments and the isolation of intermediates reveal a stepwise mechanism for both of these transformations.