浓香型青酒生产微生态环境研究及功能菌分离

对浓香型青酒大曲、酒醅、酒窖、窖皮泥、酿造用水、晾堂等场所的微生物种类、数量、形态特征及生理活性进行分析,初步建立形成浓香型青酒的微生态体系。分离筛选出具有优良性能的5株曲霉菌株、4株根霉菌株和4株酵母菌株,对生产高品质青酒具有指导意义。     

益生菌在改善阿尔茨海默病中的研究进展

阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease,AD）是目前世界上患者数量多、影响范围广的一种神经退行性疾病,其致病机理至今仍未完全解析。大量研究表明肠道菌群可通过肠-脑轴调节机体大脑的发育与健康。益生菌是一类对人体有益的、活的微生物,对维持肠道微生态平衡具有重要的意义。近年来,益生菌及其代谢产物或益生菌发酵食品在改善AD等神经退行性疾病方面受到了极大的关注。本文综述了近5 年来国内外利用单种、多种益生菌、益生菌发酵食品、益生菌与其他药物联合用于改善AD的研究进展,并阐述了相关作用机制和存在的问题,以期为益生菌用于预防和治疗AD提供新的思路。     

茶叶儿茶素的益生元活性研究

近年来,茶叶儿茶素调节肠道微生态的效果受到广泛关注。本研究通过大孔树脂柱层析分离纯化,制备得到纯度大于98%的茶叶儿茶素EGCG、EGCG3’’Me、ECG、ECG3’’Me。通过测定不同发酵时间点(0、6、12、24 h)体外培养中肠道菌群的变化以及短链脂肪酸的含量,评价茶叶儿茶素调节肠道微生态的作用。茶叶儿茶素在体外厌氧发酵24 h时,对于肠道有益细菌(双歧杆菌和乳酸菌)的增殖均起到了显著的促进作用(P0.05),对于梭状菌和拟杆菌的增殖发挥了显著的抑制作用(P0.05),对肠道总菌群数量影响不显著(P0.05)。此外对于发酵过程中各种短链脂肪酸含量的变化进行了测定,发现添加儿茶素样品的培养基中,短链脂肪酸含量在各个发酵时间点都比对照组有显著提高(P0.05)。实验同时对于茶叶儿茶素发酵过程中的代谢产物进行了结构鉴定。研究表明,包括甲基化儿茶素在内的儿茶素及其代谢产物,对于改善人体肠道环境、维护人体肠道平衡具有重要作用。     

Evolution in the composition of human skin surface lipids during their accumulation on scalp and hair

Qualitative examination of human surface lipids collected using a surfactant solution shows that there are no significant differences between individuals when the samples are collected after one day, starting from clean hair and scalp. On the contrary, samples collected after 4 days reveal discrepancies within the population, related to the oily hair symptom.
An evolution in the composition of the recovered mixture occurs during the 1–4 days accumulation period, which mainly results in an increased unsaturation of the total (free + glycerides) fatty acids fraction isolated after saponification.
A two-step mechanism is proposed to account for the observed evolution: in a first step, free fatty acids are cleaved from glycerides by the well known enzymatic hydrolysis. Analytical determinations show that this process is structure dependant, the straight chain saturated acids being more readily hydrolyzable than the unsaturated and branched chain species. In a second step, free fatty acids are immobilized on the keratinic fibers, by a process which involves the formation of Ca salts.
This evolution results in a decreased viscosity of the skin surface lipids and in an increase of the low temperature melting fraction of the mixture. Its extent is more or less pronounced, depending upon the individuals. Subjects who exhibit extensive evolution are affected by the oily hair symptom.
Evolution de la composition des lipides superficiels humains durant leur accumulation sur le scalp et les cheveux     

Enhanced efficacy and sensory properties of an anti‐dandruff shampoo containing zinc pyrithione and climbazole

Dandruff is a common complaint and is suffered by as much as half of the population at some time post puberty. The condition is characterized by the presence of flakes on the scalp and in the hair, and is often accompanied by itch. The most common treatment for dandruff is the use of shampoo formulations that contain fungistatic agents such as zinc pyrithione (ZPT) and octopirox. Whilst most antidandruff shampoos are effective in resolving the symptoms of dandruff these shampoos can often result in hair condition that is less than acceptable to consumers which can lead to a tendency for them to revert to use of a non‐antidandruff shampoo. This can result in a rapid return of dandruff symptoms. The aim of this investigation was to study the impact of using a combination of antidandruff actives and silicones on the resolution of dandruff and to deliver superior sensory properties to the hair. We have demonstrated that shampoo containing the dual active system of ZPT/Climbazole deposits both active agents onto a model skin surface (VitroSkin) and reduces Malassezia furfur regrowth in vitro. Clinical evaluation of the dual active shampoo demonstrated superior efficacy and retained superiority during a regression phase where all subjects reverted to using a non‐antidandruff shampoo. We have also demonstrated that it is possible to deposit silicone materials from antidandruff shampoo uniformly over both virgin and damaged hair fibres that results in smoother hair fibres (as evidenced by reduced dry friction). This combination of antidandruff agents and conditioning silicones delivered from a shampoo provides subjects with superior antidandruff efficacy and desired end sensory benefits ensuring compliance and longer term dandruff removal.     

Challenging the scalp with ‘dry’ wash shampooing (DW) on Chinese men: an in vivo study

Cosmetic habits show a strong diversity worldwide. The same applies to procedures that are considered as basic hygiene acts such as shampooing. Apart from common traditional shampoo routine, a special shampoo procedure, ‘dry’ wash is daily performed in Chinese hair salons. Without pre‐wetting step, hairdresser applies the shampoo directly to dry hair with small quantity of water to create foam. Hand massaging is then offered on the scalp. This shampooing process is distinguished from traditional ‘regular wash’ by slightly diluted shampoo, and longer contact with the scalp and scalp massaging, all of which could be possibly considered as challenges to the structure and barrier function of the scalp. In this study, the effects of ‘dry’ wash on Chinese scalp have been investigated, in vivo, using regular wash as a control. A total of 67 Chinese males in two cohorts, non‐dandruff and with dandruff, were included. In each cohort, volunteers were split into two groups, one with ‘dry’ wash and the other one with regular wash. Both shampoo methods were performed daily for five consecutive days using the same shampoo formulation. Volunteers’ self assessment, clinical assessment by an expert and instrumental measurements were carried out. The results showed that Chinese ‘dry’ wash did not induce any negative consequence on the scalp physiology under such experimental conditions.     

复合酯化酶生态菌剂在浓香型白酒生产中的应用

对复合酯化酶生态菌剂的应用试验进行了总结，实验结果表明，复合酯化酶生态菌剂的用量为2％，大曲用量20％，发酵周期45d，平均出酒率为43％，提优率为42．1％。