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1.
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films are attracting famous applications in antistatic coating, energy storage and conversion, printed electronics, and biomedical fields due to their conductivity, optical transparency and flexibility. However, PEDOT:PSS has poor dispersion stability during long-term storage and transport. Moreover, the dried PEDOT:PSS films are insoluble in any solvent and cannot be redispersed again. In comparison to bake drying, here, a feasible strategy to achieve mechanically redispersed PEDOT:PSS with the help of freeze-drying process was reported. The redispersed PEDOT:PSS can recover not only the initial characters such as pH, chemical composition, viscosity, and particle size under similar solid contents, but also conductivity and surface morphology of treated films. In addition, the treated film exhibits self-healing properties similar to pristine film in terms of mechanical and electrical properties. This technology enables reuse and overcomes the technical problems of PEDOT:PSS dispersion, realizing real-time processing to meet variable applications.  相似文献   
2.
Polymeric elastomers play an increasingly important role in the development of stretchable electronics. A highly demanded elastic matrix is preferred to own not only excellent mechanical properties, but also additional features like high toughness and fast self-healing. Here, a polyurethane (DA-PU) is synthesized with donor and acceptor groups alternately distributed along the main chain to achieve both intra-chain and inter-chain donor-acceptor self-assembly, which endow the polyurethane with toughness, self-healing, and, more interestingly, thermal repair, like human muscle. In detail, DA-PU exhibits an amazing mechanical performance with elongation at break of 1900% and toughness of 175.9 MJ m−3. Moreover, it shows remarkable anti-fatigue and anti-stress relaxation properties as manifested by cyclic tensile and stress relaxation tests, respectively. Even in case of large strain deformation or long-time stretch, it can almost completely restore to original length by thermal repair at 60 °C in 60 s. The self-healing speed of DA-PU is gradually enhanced with the increasing temperature, and can be 1.0–6.15 µm min−1 from 60 to 80 °C. At last, a stretchable and self-healable capacitive sensor is constructed and evaluated to prove that DA-PU matrix can ensure the stability of electronics even after critical deformation and cut off.  相似文献   
3.
杜仲胶(EUG)主要由反式聚异戊二烯组成,是一种具有良好生物相容性、橡塑二重性和优异力学性能的天然高分子材料。近年来,EUG在新型生物基材料领域备受瞩目。EUG在室温下结晶度高,表现为刚性塑料状态,极大程度限制了其在功能材料领域的应用。因此,将EUG进行物理或化学改性,进而拓宽其应用范围已成为近年来的研究热点。本文详细介绍了EUG分子链结构特点,随后从物理改性和化学改性两个方面系统论述了EUG常见的改性方法及机理,如通过与其它材料共混或环氧化改性、硫化改性等改变EUG的硬度及弹性。对EUG在绿色轮胎与公路建设、形状记忆与自修复材料、减震与吸声材料、医用材料、生物降解复合材料等新型功能材料领域的最新研究进展进行了综述,并在此基础上展望了EUG在生物基高性能材料领域的发展前景。  相似文献   
4.
Surface-deposited pathogens are sources for the spread of infectious diseases. Protecting public facilities with a replaceable or recyclable antifouling coating is a promising approach to control pathogen transmission. However, most antifouling coatings are less effective in preventing pathogen-contained respiratory droplets because these tiny droplets are difficult to repel, and the deposited pathogens can remain viable from hours to days. Inspired by mucus, an antimicrobial supramolecular organogel for the control of microdroplet-mediated pathogen spread is developed. The developed organogel coating harvests a couple of unique features including localized molecular control-release, readily damage healing, and persistent fouling-release properties, which are preferential for antifouling coating. Microdroplets deposited on the organogel surfaces will be spontaneously wrapped with a thin liquid layer, and will therefore be disinfected rapidly due to a mechanism of spatially enhanced release of bactericidal molecules. Furthermore, the persistent fouling-release and damage-healing properties will significantly extend the life-span of the coating, making it promising for diverse applications.  相似文献   
5.
对多壁碳纳米管 (MWCNT) 进行回流酸处理,增加其表面活性获得羧基化多壁碳纳米管(CMWCNT),结合聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 形成多功能导电水凝胶。借助CMWCNT表面羧基活性基团,与多重络合、纠缠的PVA链形成广泛氢键,构建CMWCNT-PVA水凝胶分层网络。通过丝网印刷工艺,制备CMWCNT-PVA自愈合柔性电极,该电极具有高电导率(35.1 S/m) 、高机械强度 (2000次循环弯曲) 和约10秒的自愈合特性,愈合后电路中,在大变形下也保持优异导电性和稳定性,且由柔性电路设计制备的发光二极管阵列,能够呈现HF发光图案。该自愈合柔性电极为柔性电路发展提供一种新的策略,对拓展电子皮肤、软体机器人和可穿戴设备等在人机交互中的应用具有重要科学意义。  相似文献   
6.
通过物理屏蔽作用把金属和腐蚀环境进行隔绝的有机涂层,由于其经济、有效和操作方便的特点而成为主要的防腐措施。然而,环境因素往往不可避免地导致涂层产生裂纹,并最终导致涂层失效。具有自修复能力的涂层在发生破损后,由于其能够主动的修复涂层的破损部位而得到了广泛的关注。相对于具有单一物理屏蔽性能的涂层,具有自修复性能的涂层可以降低破损涂层维修期间的人力和物力成本,在未来的发展中具有很大的潜力。本文根据自修复涂层的愈合机理及其发展历程,把自愈合涂层分为自主修复型、借助外部刺激的非自主修复型和针对特定环境能够做出有效响应的智能自修复涂层,并对其研究现状及优缺点进行阐述。  相似文献   
7.
介绍了细菌技术胶凝复合材料的研究进展,例如细菌诱导碳酸钙沉淀的机理,细菌在水泥基复合材料中的应用方法,细菌对水泥基材料机械性能、耐久性的影响,以及成本效益分析等。概述了在建筑中应用细菌技术的水泥基复合材料的机遇和挑战。  相似文献   
8.
Micro-damage in materials could be repaired by endowing materials with self-healing performance. Herein, an epoxy resin with excellent self-healing performance grounded on thermo-reversible Diels–Alder dynamic chemical reaction was developed. Results showed that the bending strength and adhesive behavior of epoxy resin were influenced dramatically upon treatment with various temperatures. More importantly, damages created in epoxy resin could be repaired completely after suitable heat treatments. What is more, the healed epoxy resin exhibited much higher bending strength and adhesive performance than the pristine one did. The materials could be damaged and then repaired repeatedly. Meanwhile, the as-prepared self-healing epoxy resin exhibited excellent thermal reversibility and controllable adhesion. The thermo-adjusted self-healing performance endowed epoxy resin with recyclable and reusable performance. Therefore, the research made it possible of recycling waste epoxy resins.  相似文献   
9.
Self-healing hydrogels often possess poor mechanical properties which largely limits their applications in many fields. In this work, boron nitride nanosheets are introduced into a network of the poly(vinyl alcohol)/borax (PVA/borax) hydrogels to enhance the mechanical properties of the hydrogel without compromising the self-healing abilities. The obtained hydrogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 0.410 ± 0.007 MPa, an elongation at break of 1712%, a Young's Modulus of 0.860 ± 0.023 MPa, and a toughness of 3.860 ± 0.075 MJ m−3. In addition, the self-healing efficiency of the hydrogels is higher than 90% within 10 min at room temperature. Benefiting from the excellent self-healing properties, the shapeability of the hydrogel fragments is observed using different molds. In addition, the hydrogels display rapid pH-driven shape memory effects and can recover to their original shape within 260 s. Overall, this work provides a new approach to hydrogels with integrated excellent mechanical properties, self-healing abilities, and rapid pH-driven shape memory effects.  相似文献   
10.
微胶囊在增强沥青自愈合性能、延长沥青路面使用寿命方面具有非常大的潜力。首先,利用红外光谱定量分析方法,评价了微胶囊在沥青混合料中的存活率。然后,利用沥青黏结强度试验对含有微胶囊的沥青进行拉拔测试,借助荧光显微镜观测拉拔断面中微胶囊的激活行为。在此基础上,利用四点弯曲疲劳试验研究微胶囊对沥青混合料疲劳与自愈合性能的影响。研究结果表明,微胶囊在温拌沥青混合料的存活率可达69.87%,比在热拌沥青混合料中高9.64%。在常温条件下,微胶囊可以被沥青中的裂缝激活并释放再生剂。微胶囊对沥青混合料的初始抗疲劳性能有显著增强作用,主要因为微胶囊在施工期间和加载过程中释放出的再生剂软化了沥青,降低了沥青混合料试件的内部应力并极大程度上加速裂纹愈合。适量的微胶囊能够显著增强沥青混合料的自愈合性能,而且随着“疲劳-愈合”次数的增加,微胶囊对沥青混合料自愈合性能增强作用逐渐凸显。  相似文献   
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