A Case Report of Germline Compound Heterozygous Mutations in the BRCA1 Gene of an Ovarian and Breast Cancer Patient

The germline carrier of the BRCA1 pathogenic mutation has been well proven to confer an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Despite BRCA1 biallelic pathogenic mutations being extremely rare, they have been reported to be embryonically lethal or to cause Fanconi anemia (FA). Here we describe a patient who was a 48-year-old female identified with biallelic pathogenic mutations of the BRCA1 gene, with no or very subtle FA-features. She was diagnosed with ovarian cancer and breast cancer at the ages of 43 and 44 and had a strong family history of breast and gynecological cancers.     

特种工程胎硫化外胎质量缺陷原因分析以及解决措施

我公司使用的硫化机采用氮气定型,二次水硫化的工艺。由于特种工程胎胎体偏厚且大,成型机都比较大,生产过程中的帘布筒、钢丝、胎侧等部件都比较重且大。成型胎面使用胎面缠绕机缠绕,所以整个生产过程难度较大。特种工程胎硫化外胎的主要质量问题有:胎面皮泡、胎侧缺胶、胎侧泡、胎肩侧皮泡、子口内侧露线、子口缺胶、胎肚内缺(窝气)、胎肚露线、胎肚皮泡、胎肚串泡、子口支边、胎冠支边、子口鼓包、外胎花缺等。通过对特种工程胎硫化外胎质量缺陷原因分析,找到相应的解决措施,从而减少硫化外胎质量缺陷。     

Phenolic profiling reveals the metabolite basis of flesh colour and fresh-cut browning in apple fruit

Flesh colour, which is affected by cultivars and browning, can largely impact consumer acceptance in fresh-cut apples. The study profiled phenolic metabolites from apple flesh of twenty-three cultivars by widely targeted metabolomics. Comparison among white- and yellow-fleshed cultivars showed fifteen phenolics, mainly quercetin 3-O-glucoside, hyperoside, hesperetin 5-O-glucoside and cymaroside, in white-fleshed apples were significantly higher than those in yellow-fleshed apples. It may indicate a metabolite basis of yellow and white flesh colour, and better potential nutrition in white-fleshed apples. In addition, ten phenolic metabolites including five cyanidin glycosides showed significant differences between the highest and the lowest browning groups, indicating them may be crucial in browning of fresh-cut apple. This work elucidates the differences of phenolic profiles among apple cultivars with different flesh colour and provides useful data to evaluate the suitability of apple for fresh-cut processing.     

假单胞菌复合菌剂对高浓度废水中氨氮总氮浓度降解的研究

在修复工程中,利用微生物处理高浓度氨氮废水。通过对填埋场渗滤液坑底活性污泥驯化,筛选出复合菌剂,在异养硝化培养基或基坑废水中培养25 d后,氨氮平均质量浓度从830.42 mg/L降至38.28 mg/L,去除率最高达95.4%;总氮平均质量浓度从930.03 mg/L降至330.68 mg/L,去除率最高达66.2%。该复合菌剂主要成分为假单胞菌,对氨氮总氮降解效果显著,持续时间长,在高浓度污染水体修复领域中具有良好的应用前景。     

Auto-thermal reforming of acetic acid for hydrogen production by ZnxNiyCrOm±δ catalysts: Effect of Cr promoted Ni-Zn intermetallic compound

A series of Zn_xNi_yCrO_m±δ catalysts were synthesized via a typical co-precipitation method, in which Zn-Cr layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were found and Ni-Zn intermetallic compound (IMC) was formed after reduction in hydrogen. During auto-thermal reforming (ATR) of acetic acid (HAc), the Ni-Zn IMC was transformed into Ni/(amorphous-ZnO)-ZnCr₂O₄ species with uniformed distribution and appropriate interaction within these Ni-Zn-Cr-O species; besides, the adsorbed oxygen promoted the activation and transfer of oxygen species; therefore, deactivation by oxidation, sintering and coking was inhibited. And the optimized Zn_2.37Ni_0.63CrO_4.5±δ catalyst presented high activity and stability in a 45-h ATR test with HAc conversion near 100% and hydrogen yield at 2.7 mol-H₂/mol-HAc, showing potential for hydrogen production via ATR of HAc.     

生物酶解堵技术在油气田增产中的应用现状及思考

从油气田增产角度出发,概括总结了生物酶解堵技术在解决出砂稠油井堵塞严重、高分子聚合物引起的储层伤害、复合垢引起的储层堵塞、非均质地层解堵效果不佳等问题的应用现状。同时,结合生物酶解堵技术的特点及适用性分析,指出了该技术目前存在的问题,综合讨论了生物酶解堵技术的发展方向,并提出了建设性建议。     

煤矿冲击地压与冒顶复合灾害研究

随着煤矿向深部发展,矿井动力灾害既表现出冲击地压的部分特征,又表现出冒顶的部分特征。2种典型的灾害打破以往冒顶与冲击地压的发生具有一种互为逆向性的认知规律,在深部高应力煤巷,特别是留顶煤巷道中出现了相互诱导、复合发生的新灾害类型。在总结山东、山西和新疆矿区典型巷道冲击致顶板(顶煤)动力灾害特征的基础上,提出了深部巷道冲击地压与冒顶复合灾害的概念、机理与分类,指出复合灾害机理关键点在于揭示巷道整体系统和破碎区子系统的稳定原理及其2者间的相互影响。建立了巷道发生复合灾害的力学模型,根据扰动响应失稳判据,提出并得到了巷道发生复合灾害的临界应力Pcr、临界软化区半径ρ_cr和最大容许采扰应力增量σ_max,厘清了灾害发生的主控因素,分析了煤岩冲击倾向指数K、支护强度ps、巷道半径ρ₀、煤岩强度σ_c等对灾害发生的影响规律,同时阐明了围岩塑性软化、破碎深度随地应力增加的发育规律。研究结果表明,破碎发育巷道的动力失稳主体为弹性区、软化区与破碎区构成的不稳定系统,垮落主体为破碎区;稳定的破碎区提升了巷道冲击启动临界值,使其启动难度增大,但破碎区的发育又易引起顶煤垮落;巷道稳定支护是解决复合灾害的关键,科学合理支护既能有效调控围岩破碎防冒,又能提升冲击启动临界值。通过理论研究,揭示了巷道冲击地压与冒顶复合灾害的发生机理,阐明了巷道软化与破碎区及其稳控支护对深部破碎发育巷道动力灾害防治的重要性。     

Extraction equilibrium conditions of beryllium and aluminium from a beryl ore for optimal industrial beryllium compound production

This study examines the extraction of beryllium and aluminium from a Nigerian beryl ore using Cyanex®272 in kerosene from an aqueous sulphate pregnant solution. Parameters such as extractant concentration and equilibrium pH that dictates the extraction yield were studied. Under the following conditions: temperature 27?±?2°C, phase ratio 1?1, about 45.50 and 46.76% of beryllium and aluminium were extracted by 0.15?mol?L^?1 Cyanex®272 concentration within 30?min. However, the extraction yield of beryllium and aluminium was increased to 91.68% and 97.89% at equilibrium pH of 3 and 4, respectively, for beryllium and aluminium at 27?±?2°C. A 0.05?mol?L^?1 H₂SO₄ solution was found to be adequate for the stripping of about 99.00% Be and 95.40% Al from the loaded organic phase. The pure solutions containing metal ions were accordingly beneficiated to obtain beryllium and aluminium compounds of industrial values.     

粗四氯化钛有机物精制除钒尾渣提钒技术

从四氯化钛有机物精制除钒尾渣中提钒并制备V2O5产品，研究了精制除钒尾渣焙烧温度、浸出剂加入量、液固比、浸出温度、浸出时间对尾渣中钒转化和溶出率的影响。结果表明，焙烧温度大于600℃时，可高效脱除精制除钒尾渣中的碳和氯(?0.1%)，且低价钒被氧化为高价，钒主要以V2O5形式存在。对焙烧后的尾渣以Na2CO3水溶液为浸出剂，液固比6 mL/g及80℃下浸出60 min，钒浸出率为85.5%，浸出液仅含少量Si, Al, Ti杂质，以NH4+:V=2.5:1(摩尔比)直接加铵盐沉钒，得到NH4VO3，经干燥、煅烧制得V2O5产品，可满足99级粉钒指标要求，全流程钒收率为75%。     

柿子山楂复合果酱的研究及配方优化

以新鲜柿子为原料,辅以新鲜山楂,经打浆、调配、均质、浓缩和杀菌等工艺,开发研究出一款新型的复合型果酱。通过感官评定、单因素试验和正交实验,确定了柿子山楂复合果酱的最佳配方:柿浆与山楂浆的添加比例为3∶2,白砂糖添加量为40%,柠檬酸添加量为0.5%,黄原胶添加量为0.8%,所得复合果酱色泽金黄,口感细腻,酸甜适中,组织形态和涂抹性较好,同时具备柿子和山楂特有的果香味。