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1.
Grain refinement is critical for fabricating high-quality Al-Si casting components in the application of automobile and aerospace industries,while the well-known Si-poisoning effect makes it difficult.Nbbased refiners offer an effective method to refine Al-Si casting alloys,but their anti Si-poisoning capability is far from being understood.In this work,the grain refining mechanism and the anti Si-poisoning effect in the Al-10 Si/Al-5 Nb-B system were systematically investigated by combining transmission electron microscope,first-principles calculations,and thermodynamic calculations.It is revealed that NbB2provides the main nucleation site in the Al-10 Si ingot inoculated by 0.1 wt.%Nb Al-5 Nb-B refiner.The exposed Nb atoms on the(0001)NbB2and(1-100)NbB2surface can be substituted by Al to form(Al,Nb)B2intermedia layers.In addition,a layer of NbAl3-like compound(NbAl3')can cover the surface of NbB2with the orientation relation of(1-100)[11-20]NbB2//(110)[110]NbAl3'.Both of the(Al,Nb)B2and NbAl3'intermedia layers contribute to enhancing the nucleation potency of NbB2particles.These discoveries provide fundamental insight to the grain refining mechanism of the Nb-B based refiners for Al-Si casting alloys and are expected to guide the future development of stronger refiners for Al-Si casting alloys.  相似文献   
2.
研究了超声振动对Al-11.5Si-4Cu-2Ni-1Mg-0.45Fe合金凝固组织的影响。结果表明,经超声振动的合金中,初生硅形貌由长条状转变为多边形状,并得到了显著细化。其中空化效应产生的大过冷度引起的异质形核和生长时间缩短是初生硅细化的主要原因。随着超声功率的增加,初生硅由长条状转变为短棒状,α-Al5FeSi相由块状转变为半圆形态。共晶硅和金属间化合物形态的演变和细化主要是由空化效应引起的固体破碎、均匀的溶质分布、均匀的温度场及共晶生长时间的缩短造成的。  相似文献   
3.
热浸镀Al–Si合金涂层是一种有效的现代钢铁防腐涂层,但熔融Al–Si合金腐蚀已成为热浸镀Al–Si合金生产线沉没辊及其备件亟待解决的关键问题之一。本工作采用大气等离子喷涂技术制备Y2O3部分稳定ZrO2(YSZ)/NiCrAlY防护涂层,研究了喷涂功率对YSZ涂层组织和力学性能的影响和涂层在700℃下Al–Si熔体中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,YSZ涂层是由板条和层间柱状晶粒组成的典型层状结构,随着喷涂功率从37 kW增至46 kW,层间柱状结晶呈长大趋势;YSZ涂层主要由t-ZrO2相和少量m-ZrO2相组成,喷涂功率对涂层相组成无明显影响;喷涂功率为40 kW的YSZ涂层具有较高的显微硬度642.4 HV0.3和结合强度62 MPa。此外,当带有涂层的样品在700℃的Al–Si熔液中腐蚀240 h后,YSZ涂层与高温Al–Si熔液之间的界面没有反应层生成,同时Al–Si合金熔液中的Al和Si元素也未渗透进YSZ涂层内部,表明YSZ/NiCrAlY防护涂层有效地将Al–Si合金熔体阻挡在涂层表面。  相似文献   
4.
在500℃下采用包套-等径角挤压(PITS-ECAP)工艺将Al-Si合金粉末颗粒固结成高致密、块体细晶材料。结果表明,PITS-ECAP工艺对粉末材料具有强烈的致密化效果。1道次PITS-ECAP后,试样整体相对密度比初始预装粉致密度提高了50%;2道次PITS-ECAP工艺变形后,合金粉末初晶硅明显细化、整体致密化强烈,C路径能高效破碎组织中粗大板片状初晶硅,使晶粒尺寸变小,圆整度提高,分布均匀,粉末材料相对密度达95%,显微硬度值增加到220 HV25,初晶硅形状系数为0.64,致密化及初晶硅细晶化效果最好;A路径虽致密效果不好但有利于等温处理后的初晶硅细晶化,Bc路径产生的初晶硅细晶化、致密化效果较差。在PITS-ECAP工艺变形过程中,剧烈塑性剪切变形、较高静水压力和有效应变积累是合金粉末致密化、初晶硅细晶化的主要驱动因素。  相似文献   
5.
为了提高4043铝合金焊丝堆焊层的耐磨性,在传统4043铝合金焊丝成分基础上,添加Mg与变质剂Sr,对Al-Si-Mg-Sr合金焊丝焊后堆焊层进行热处理,研究了Mg、Sr以及热处理工艺对焊丝焊后堆焊层耐磨性的影响。结果表明,在4043铝合金焊丝中添加变质剂Sr可以改变堆焊层组织中共晶硅颗粒的形态;Mg可以为堆焊组织增加强化相Mg2Si;合理的热处理工艺可以球化共晶硅颗粒,增强共晶硅颗粒与基体的结合能力;三者的共同作用可以显著提高焊丝堆焊层的耐磨性。  相似文献   
6.
孙杨慧  陈勇  王少辉  侯乃先  孙建刚 《表面技术》2022,51(6):248-254, 290
目的 获得铝硅聚苯酯涂层在发动机不同碰磨条件下磨削物的尺寸、内部结构与其热分解特性的关系,进而揭示有毒气体产生的机理。方法 应用LS–DYNA软件计算压气机在不同运行工况下叶片的伸长量与伸长率,定义碰磨场景。应用等离子喷涂技术(APS)制备铝硅聚苯酯涂层,利用高温超高速可磨耗试验机模拟碰摩场景并开展碰摩试验。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)表征不同碰摩场景下磨削物颗粒的尺寸、形貌与成分。利用气相色谱–质谱连用仪对不同尺寸、形貌及内部结构的磨削物颗粒开展热分解试验,获得热分解规律及导致客舱引气污染的有害物质。结果 高转速(183 m/s)、低进给率(28μm/s)条件下,磨削物颗粒的平均尺寸约为30.8μm;高转速(183 m/s)、高进给率(257μm/s)条件下,磨削物颗粒的平均尺寸约为74μm;低转速(52 m/s)、低进给率(28μm/s)条件下,磨削物颗粒的平均尺寸约为101.8μm;低转速(52 m/s)、高进给率(257μm/s)条件下,磨削物颗粒的平均尺寸约为119.4μm。当涂层磨削物颗粒尺寸大于100μm时,在210℃附近未发生热解,仅在550℃附近有明显的热...  相似文献   
7.
初晶硅颗粒的细化是过共晶高硅铝合金制备过程中的一个主要问题。本研究提出了一种通过过滤的方式来获得含有细化初晶硅颗粒的高硅铝合金的方法。在过滤铸造的过程中,过共晶硅铝合金熔体保持在Al-Si二元相图共晶线偏上一点的温度。大颗粒初晶硅被筛网阻拦下来,细小的初晶硅颗粒连同共晶熔体穿过筛网进入下部坩埚冷却结晶。在本研究中通过以上方法所制备的高硅铝合金中硅的质量分数约为27%,初晶硅颗粒的平均直径在45 μm以下,圆度为1.43,布氏硬度为70 HB。通过该方法有望制备出初晶硅颗粒球形度更高、硅含量更高的高硅铝合金产品。  相似文献   
8.
High-alumina coal fly ash (HAFA) is a special solid waste due to the existence of more than 45% alumina and 35% silica, which can be applied to prepare Al-Si series ceramics if the impurities can be removed and the Al/Si mass ratio can exceed 2.55 (Mullite: 3Al2O3.2SiO2). In this work, a new mechanical–chemical synergistic activation–desilication process is proposed, and the contents of different impurities can be lowered up to less than 1%, and the Al/Si mass ratio can be elevated from 1.26 to 2.71. Especially, the mechanism of this process is investigated in detail. The analysis of the mechanism shows that the decrease of Q4(3Al) and the increase of Q4(0Al), Q4(1Al), and Q4(2Al) improve amorphous silicate reactivity through synergistic activation, and the exposed amorphous Si-O-/Si-O-Si can be removed by OH- during the desilication process (desilicated ratio>55%), which help the fine mullite to exhibit excellent properties (bulk density > 2.85 g/cm3, apparent porosity < 0.5%) during the sintering process. Finally, this process not only decreases the pollution but also alleviates the shortage of Al/Si resources and promotes the clean development of coal-fired power generation.  相似文献   
9.
In this study, alumina-based composite with 12 wt% Al and 16 wt% Si3N4 was designed to achieve the synthesis of 15R-Sialon reinforced alumina composite. To investigate the reaction mechanism, two-step sintered Al-Si3N4-Al2O3 samples at different temperatures ranging from 600°C to 1500°C were prepared and characterized via X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results revealed that 15R-Sialon was synthesized at 1500°C through a novel liquid Si phase sintering and Si3N4 played as a precursor and a reactant. First, Si3N4 precursor reacted with Al to form intermediate phases AlN and Si, which were not further transformed below 1400°C. When the sintering temperature was 1500°C, the formed Si presented as a liquid phase, under the influence of which plate-like15R-Sialon was generated from Al2O3, residual Si3N4, and derived AlN. The obtained Si was also involved in the synthesis of 15R-Sialon and completely transformed. In addition to the AlN from Si3N4, the AlN deriving from the nitridation of Al may not react with liquid Si. Compared to 15R-Sialon from liquid Si, plate-like 15R-Sialon with smaller size was generated from AlN, SiO, and O2.  相似文献   
10.
A two-dimensional(2-D)multi-component and multi-phase cellular automaton(CA)model coupled with the Calphad method and finite difference method(FDM)is proposed to simulate the gas pore for-mation and microstructures in solidification process of hypoeutectic Al-Si-Mg alloys.In this model,the pore growth,and dendritic and eutectic solidification are simulated using a CA technique.To achieve the equilibrium among multiple phases during ternary Al-based alloy solidification,the phase transition thermodynamics and kinetics are evaluated by adopting the Calphad method.The diffusion equations of hydrogen and two solutes are solved by FDM.The developed CA-FDM coupled model can be used for sim-ulating the evolution of gas microporosity and microstructures,involving dendrites and irregular binary and ternary eutectics,of ternary hypoeutectic Al-Si-Mg alloys.It has the capability of reproducing the interactions between the hydrogen microporosity formation and the growth of dendrites and eutectics,the competitive growth among the growing gas pores of different sizes,together with the time-evolving concentration fields of hydrogen and solutes.The simulated morphology of gas pore and microstructure has a good agreement with the experimental observation.The influences of the initial hydrogen concen-tration and cooling rate on the microporosity formation are investigated.It is found that the main portion of porosity formation occurs in the eutectic solidification stage through analyzing the profiles of porosity percentage and solid fraction varying with solidification time.The varying features of simulated porosity percentage,the maximum and average pores radii indicate that increasing initial hydrogen concentration promotes the formation of higher final porosity percentage and larger pores,while the size of gas pores will significantly reduce with increasing cooling rate,leading to a lower final porosity percentage.  相似文献   
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