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1.
以自制苯并噻唑离子液体([HBth]HSO4)为活性组分,HZSM-5分子筛为载体,通过过量溶剂浸渍法制备了固载型苯并噻唑离子液体催化剂([HBth]HSO4/HZSM-5)并用于催化合成烷基糖苷,通过傅立叶变换红外光谱、N2物理脱附、场发射电子显微镜和X射线衍射对催化剂结构进行表征,结果表明,[HBth]HSO4被成功地引入到HZSM-5载体的表面及孔道内。当催化剂用量为1.5 wt%,反应温度为105℃,醇糖摩尔比n(葡萄糖):n(辛醇)=6:1时,辛基糖苷得率达148.8%(产物质量/葡萄糖的质量?100%)。底物拓展及催化剂稳定性研究结果表明,[HBth]HSO4/HZSM-5对烷基糖苷及其衍生物都具有良好的催化效果,且催化剂能稳定循环使用四次,活性组分流失是催化剂失活的主要原因。通过对烷基糖苷催化合成机理和动力学的研究,确定了动力学方程。  相似文献   
2.
Recently, lead halide perovskite (PVSK) polycrystalline films have drawn much attention as photoactive material and scored tremendous achievements in solar cells, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes, and lasers owing to their engrossing optoelectronic properties and facile solution-processed fabrication. However, large amounts of grain boundaries unfavorably induce ion migration, surface defect, and poor stability, impeding PVSK polycrystalline film-based optoelectronic devices from practical application. In comparison with the polycrystalline counterparts, PVSK single crystals (SCs) with lower trap density serve as a better platform for not only fundamental research but also device applications. In light of this, the idea of using PVSK single crystals (SCs) to construct the optoelectronic devices is then proposed. Since then, a series of synthesis methods of PVSK SCs have emerged. In this review, recent progress of synthesis method of PVSK SCs is tried to be summarized and their advantages and limitations are analyzed. And then, the optoelectronic properties including carrier dynamic, defects, ion migration, and instability issues in these 3D and 2D PVSK SCs are overviewed and accordingly the proper device configurations of corresponding solar cells, photodetectors, X-ray, γ-ray detectors, etc., are proposed. It is believed that this review can provide the guidance for the further development of PVSK SCs and their applications.  相似文献   
3.
To enhance chemical stability and suppress of aggregation of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs), which are used as a support for thermoresponsive copolymer immobilization, silica coating of the MNPs is applied via the electrooxidation method. Although the resulting silica coated-MNPs also formed aggregates, the size distribution of the aggregate shifted to smaller size range. Because of that, the surface area available for copolymer immobilization increased approximately 6.7 times at maximum as compared with that of the uncoated MNPs. It contributed to the increase of the amount of the immobilized copolymer on the silica-coated MNPs, which is approximately four times larger than that on the uncoated MNPs. Fe3O4 dissolution test confirmed enhancement of chemical stability of MNPs. The thermoresponsive copolymer immobilized on the silica-coated MNPs shows the ability to recycle Cu(II) ion from Cu(II) containing solution by changing temperature with significantly shorter time than those in other thermoresponsive adsorbents in gel form.  相似文献   
4.
Since the discovery in 1922 of 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl stable free radical (DPPH·), the chemistry of such open-shell compounds has developed continuously, allowing for both theoretical and practical advances in the free radical chemistry area. This review presents the important, general and modern aspects of the chemistry of hydrazyl free radicals and the science behind it.  相似文献   
5.
以4-乙酰氧基苯甲酸甲酯为原料,经无溶剂的Fries重排法合成了3-乙酰基-4-羟基苯甲酸,并对其结构进行了表征。采用L9(34)正交实验,考察了物料投料比、反应温度和反应时间等参数对目标产物收率的影响,并对重排反应机理进行了探讨。结果表明,3-乙酰基-4-羟基苯甲酸的最佳合成工艺为:n(4-乙酰氧基苯甲酸甲酯)∶n(无水三氯化铝)=1∶3、反应温度170℃、反应时间2 h,在此条件下,产物收率达95%。  相似文献   
6.
基于傅里叶分析法设计钢琴音色识别与电子合成系统,详细分析系统功能模块,就音色而言,音色识别是系统关键环节,以数字化识别法提取音色特征矩阵,获取音色倍频点,同时通过包络函数提取,健全音色识别的电子合成,函数可表征音强与时间变化关联性,以此识别钢琴音色。通过系统测试分析,结果表明,基于傅里叶分析法的钢琴音色识别与电子合成系统在600-2100Hz频率时,保持在稳定状态,性能良好;音色识别正确率高,说明系统设计完美度较高。  相似文献   
7.
Succinic acid is an important synthetic monomer but it is difficult to use it as a precursor for synthesizing high molecular weight polyamide, due to its tendency to perform intra-cyclization reaction at high temperature. In order to solve this problem, in this paper, the direct solid-state polymerization (DSSP) method with the initial reactant, nylon salt which was composed of 1, 5-diaminopentane, succinic acid, and terephthalic acid, was applied to synthesize the bio-based copolyamide PA 5T/54. In comparison with the conventional melting polymerization method, the DSSP method can prevent the cyclization reaction of succinic acid effectively due to the lower reacting temperature as well as the restriction effect of the nylon salt. As a result, the product fabricated by DSSP method has higher molecular weight and much lighter color from red to white. Therefore, the DSSP method is advantageous for the synthesis of the polymers or copolymers composed of the succinic acid as the monomer. Furthermore, the polymerization mechanism proposed in this work can serve as a guidance for the design of the molecular structure and control of the polymerization process.  相似文献   
8.
In this work, Bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulphane was employed for surface modification of silica, ferrite and kenaf fiber filled natural rubber composites using aqueous solvent deposition, dry blending and integral blend methods. The efficiency of each method and the preferred modification method for improving the mechanical performance of natural rubber composites was assessed. The appearance of the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy peak around 1088 cm−1 for all types of fillers provided evidence that silane interaction had occurred between the fillers and rubber and the formation of siloxane linkages were quantitatively determined by the crosslink density measurement. The surface treatment by dry method for silica and ferrite fillers showed significant improvement of tensile performance at approximately 67% and 34% compared to those with untreated fillers. For kenaf fiber-filled rubber composites, the surface treatment by aqueous solvent deposition showed the highest tensile improvement of 59% compared to the dry blending and integral blend method.  相似文献   
9.
Shape memory polyurethanes (SMPUs) have generated great attention because of their unique properties. These properties are result of a particular molecular structure consisting of flexible molecular chains with low glass transition temperatures alternating with hard urethane segments. In this field, bisphenol A (BA) has been used for a long time as chain extender due to the good properties of the obtained SPMU materials. Nevertheless, the high toxicity of this compound has caused a high decrease on its use. For this reason, it has been selected a lower toxicity compound, bisphenol A ethoxylate (BAE). In this work, it is described a new SMPUs based on BAE and the influence of the hard segment on the thermo-mechanical properties and shape memory capacity. For that, both the proportion of the components and the diisocyanate employed (2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 4,4′-methylene bis(phenylisocyanate) (MDI) or a TDI/MDI mixture) have been modified. Then, depending on the molecular architecture achieved, the polyurethanes present different properties, which were studied by different techniques, such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic-mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). It has been observed that glass transition temperature (Tg) increases as the hard phase content in the PU samples increases. In addition, Tg-MDI > Tg-MDI-TDI > Tg-TDI, so it is possible to control the Tg of the material, that is, shape memory transition temperature varying the diisocyanate. Finally, the shape memory capacity of the PUs was evaluated by thermo-mechanical analysis (TMA). All the synthesized PUs have shown good shape memory effect with fixation ratios up to 80% and recovery ratios close to 100%.  相似文献   
10.
Myocardial infarction is a leading cause for morbidity and mortality worldwide. The only viable treatment for the ischemic insult is timely reperfusion, which further exacerbates myocardial injury. Maintaining mitochondrial function is crucial in preserving cardiomyocyte function in ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. Poloxamer (P) 188 has been shown to improve cardiac IR injury by improving cellular and mitochondrial function. The aim of this study was to show if P188 postconditioning has direct protective effects on mitochondrial function in the heart. Langendorff prepared rat hearts were subjected to IR injury ex-vivo and reperfused for 10 min with 1 mM P188 vs. vehicle. Cardiac mitochondria were isolated with 1 mM P188 vs. 1 mM polyethylene glycol (PEG) vs. vehicle by differential centrifugation. Mitochondrial function was assessed by adenosine triphosphate synthesis, oxygen consumption, and calcium retention capacity. Mitochondrial function decreased significantly after ischemia and showed mild improvement with reperfusion. P188 did not improve mitochondrial function in the ex-vivo heart, and neither further P188 nor PEG induced direct mitochondrial protection after IR injury in this model.  相似文献   
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