Effect of spheroidized microstructure on the impact toughness and electrochemical performance of a high-carbon steel

The influence of cementite spheroidization on the impact toughness and electrochemical properties of a high-carbon steel has been thoroughly investigated in this study. Heavy warm rolling, followed by 2 h of annealing, has resulted in near-complete spheroidization, leading to a microstructure consisting of nano-cementite globules dispersed in the ultrafine-grained ferritic matrix. The Charpy impact test exhibited superior impact toughness with increased spheroidization. It is validated by the presence of abundant dimples in the fractographs of spheroidized specimens, in contrast to the as-received one that experienced a brittle failure due to its lamellar pearlitic structure. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) carried out in a 3.5% NaCl solution revealed that the corrosion resistance of the alloy gets improved with the increase in the degree of spheroidization. This is attributed to the lower susceptibility of the spheroidized specimen to microgalvanic corrosion owing to the minimum area of contact between nano-spheroidized cementite and ferrite, as elucidated with the help of EIS results aided by equivalent electrical circuit model.     

Influence of fibers on the microstructure and compressive response of directional ice-templated alumina ceramics

Directional ice-templated ceramics have unique lamellar porous channels between ceramic walls which run from bottom to top of the samples. This highly oriented morphology results in the anisotropy in mechanical properties both parallel and perpendicular to freezing direction. In this research, fiber-enhanced ice-templated porous ceramics were fabricated by introducing fibers into alumina slurry for freezing. The trans-lamellar fiber bridges connecting adjacent ceramic walls were formed by adjusting the aspect ratio of fibers and freezing velocity, which greatly enhanced the compressive response in two directions and weakened the anisotropy in mechanical properties of the directional ice-templated ceramics. The results showed that the of fiber bridges increased with the increase of fiber aspect ratio and the longitudinal and transverse mechanical properties increased by 73.5% and 232.6%, respectively.     

Fabrication of zinc‐loaded hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) for hydrogen storage

The greatest challenge for a feasible hydrogen economy lies on the production of pure hydrogen and the materials for its storage with controlled release at ambient conditions. Hydrogen with its great abundance, high energy density and clean exhaust is a promising candidate to meet the current global challenges of fossil fuel depletion and green house gases emissions. Extensive research on hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) for hydrogen storage is being carried out world‐wide, but the right material for hydrogen storage is yet underway. But many other characteristics, such as the poor thermal conductivity etc. of the HGMs, restrict the hydrogen storage capacity. In this work, we have attempted to increase the thermal conductivity of HGMs by ZnO doping. The HGMs with Zn weight percentage from 0 to 10 were prepared by flame spheroidization of amber‐colored glass powder impregnated with the required amount of zinc acetate. The prepared HGMs samples were characterized using field emission‐scanning electron microscope (FE‐SEM), environmental SEM (ESEM), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The deposition of ZnO on the microsphere walls was observed using FE‐SEM, ESEM and HRTEM which was further confirmed using the XRD and ultraviolet–visible absorption data. The hydrogen storage studies done on these samples at 200 °C and 10‐bar pressure for 5 h showed that the hydrogen storage increased when the Zn percentage in the sample increased from 0 to 2%. The percentage of zinc beyond 2, in the microspheres, showed a decline in the hydrogen storage capacity. The closure of the nanopores due to the ZnO nanocrystal deposition on the microsphere surface reduced the hydrogen storage capacity. The hydrogen storage capacity of HAZn2 was found 3.26 wt% for 10‐bar pressure at 200 °C. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Borage Oil Enhances Lamellar Body Content and Alters Fatty Acid Composition of Epidermal Ceramides in Essential Fatty Acid-Deficient Guinea Pigs

Borage oil [BO: 40.9% linoleic acid (LNA) and 24.0% γ-linolenic acid (GLA)] reverses disrupted epidermal lipid barrier in essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD). We determined the effects of BO on lamellar body (LB) content and LNA and GLA incorporation into epidermal ceramide 1 (CER1) and epidermal ceramide 2 (CER2), major barrier lipids. EFAD was induced in guinea pigs by a diet of 6% hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO) for 10 weeks (group HCO) or 8 weeks followed by 6% BO for 2 weeks (group HCO + BO). LB content and LNA and GLA incorporation into CER1 were higher in group HCO + BO than in group HCO. Small but significant levels of LNA, GLA, and their C20-metabolized fatty acids [dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (ARA)] were incorporated into CER2, where ARA was detected at a level lower than LNA, but DGLA incorporation exceeded that for GLA in group HCO + BO. Dietary BO enhanced LB content and differential incorporation of GLA into CER1 and DGLA into CER2.     

喷雾干燥结合等离子球化法制备NbMoTaWZr-HfC粉末的特性与组织演变研究

采用喷雾干燥+射频等离子体球化法制备NbMoTaWZr-HfC球形粉末,并对粉末的宏观特性、物相组成和微观组织形貌进行研究和分析。结果表明,制备的复合粉末形状为球形,粒度范围为13.31～32.11μm,D50=19.62μm。粉末球形度、流速和松装密度分别为0.98、0.198 s/g,7.20 g/cm³。球化后粉末由体心立方(bcc)固溶体+ZrO₂+HfC物相组成,其内部组织为枝晶和胞状晶混合组织。球化后粉末颗粒整体成分均匀,但在枝晶微区存在元素偏析,其中W、Mo、Ta等高熔点元素在枝晶臂富集,Nb、Zr等低熔点元素在枝晶间富集,而Hf元素分布均匀。     

热处理Cu-Nb纳米复合线的结构和织构演变

使用扫描电子显微镜和电子背散射衍射（EBSD）对热处理Cu-Nb纳米复合线的微观结构和织构演变进行了表征,同时对复合线材再结晶、晶粒形核、大角度晶界和残余内应力进行了讨论。结果表明,热处理使Cu-Nb纳米复合材料发生晶粒回复与再结晶,因此产生少量大角度晶界。热处理后,Cu-Nb复合材料的残余内应力减小。600 ℃以上热处理,Nb丝发生再结晶并且晶粒快速长大。Cu-Nb纳米复合线材具有良好的高温热稳定性。     

输电跨越塔设计回顾与展望

本文介绍国外跨越塔建设的历史和现状,回顾了我国跨越塔的建设和发展情况,对跨越塔结构型式、材料强度、冲击韧性、高强度螺栓、节点设计等要点分别作了论述,展望了跨越塔的设计前景。     

Ti-22Al-26Nb-1Zr 合金在长期时效过程中的组织稳定性

研究正交结构Ti?22Al?26Nb?1Zr合金片层组织在长期时效过程中B2相的分解、O相板条的球化等显微组织演变规律。结果表明：合金加热到B2单相区炉冷后可以获得板条组织,在(O+B2)相区700°C时效100 h以内显微组织无明显变化。但在长时时效过程中板条组织发生明显粗化。在700°C长期时效800 h时,B2相极不稳定,会在时效初期短时间内迅速发生分解。随着时效时间的延长,块状和少量板条状O相在晶界和O/BCC相界处析出并以球状形式长大。此外,在时效时间超过100 h后,会有明显的树枝状O相板条组织形成。