MgCu_2型Laves相晶格常数的规律性

根据Miedema的合金元胞模型，用人工神经网络－原子参数方法总结MgCu2型Laves相晶格常数的规律性，从而提出一种计算Laves相晶格常数的方法。     

Synthesis of Iron-Based Laves Phase Containing Praseodymium Magnetostrictive Materials

The synthesis and magnetostriction of PrxTb1-x.Fe2, PrxTb1-x Fe2BO2 and PrxTb1-x（Fe0.6Co0.4）2 alloys were investigated in this study. The addition of boron or cobalt atom in PrxTb1-xFe2 could effectively prevent the formation of non-cubic phases, and Pr concentration limit was successfully increased from 0.2 to 0.4. X-ray step scanning for the PrxTb1-xFe2BO2 and PrxTb1-x（Fe0.6Co0.4）2 alloys showed that PrFe2 possessed a large spontaneous magnetostriction λ1111.     

Cu - Mg - Si 三元系合金中 Laves 相的研究现状简

新材料的开发和研究是永恒课题,为了全面、充分地认识和了解Cu-Mg-Si三元系合金中金属间化合物Laves相的研究现状,总结了Cu-Mg-Si三元系合金中几种Laves相的国内外研究成果,旨在为该领域合金的进一步研究提供参考,并为该领域科研人员提供理论依据.     

V,Mn和Co对AB2型贮氢电极合金Zr-Cr-Ni相结构和电化学性质的影响

研究了元素Mn ,V和Co部分替代ZrCr0 .7Ni1 .3合金中的Cr和Ni后对其相组成、晶格常数和电化学性质等方面的影响。结果表明 :母体合金由主相立方C15型Laves相和少量六方C14型Laves相和第二相Zr7Ni1 0 组成。在ZrCr0 .7-xVxNi1 .3(x =0 .1～ 0 .6)合金中 ,随着V含量的增加 ,合金主相中C15型Laves相含量逐渐减少 ,而C14型Laves相含量逐渐增多 ,而第二相Zr7Ni1 0 逐渐向Zr9Ni1 1 相转化 ,同时合金的电化学容量也迅速降低 ;当元素Mn和V同时进行替代时 ,合金ZrCr0 .7-x -yMnxVyNi1 .3(x y =0 .2～ 0 .4)的相组成不大 ,其中合金ZrCr0 .4 Mn0 .1 V0 .2 Ni1 .3放电容量最高 ( 3 11mAh·g- 1 )。元素Co对合金ZrCr0 .4 Mn0 .1 V0 .2 Ni1 .3中的Ni进行替代时 ,合金的主相中C14型Laves相显著增多 ,其中合金Zr Cr0 .4 Mn0 .1 V0 .2 Co0 .1 Ni1 .2 的电化学容量最高为 3 3 6mAh·g- 1 ,具有良好的循环稳定性和自放电率     

Ti/Mn基Laves相贮氢合金的研究

研究了Ti/Zr比变化对Ti Mn基Laves相贮氢合金贮氢性能的影响,发现随Ti/Zr、Mn/Cr比降低,合金放氢压降低,贮氢量略微增加,平台坡度变陡。     

Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.95-xTix（x=0,0.03,0.06,0.09）合金的微观组织与磁致伸缩性能

利用高真空非自耗电弧炉制备了Tb_0.3Dy_0.7Fe_1.95-xTi_x（x=0,0.03,0.06,0.09）合金,系统研究了不同Ti含量Tb_0.3Dy_0.7Fe_1.95-xTi_x合金的晶体结构、微观组织、磁致伸缩性能及它们之间的关系.结果表明:添加Ti后的Tb_0.3Dy_0.7Fe_1.95-xTi_x合金基体相仍为MgCu₂型Laves相结构,Ti取代了Tb_0.3Dy_0.7Fe_1.95合金中比其自身半径大的稀土原子Tb和Dy而使晶格常数减小.添加Ti后,初生相TiFe₂的形成使得凝固液体中富含R（R=Tb,Dy）从而抑制了有害相RFe₃的生成,Ti在基体相RFe₂中和富R相中都可溶解,分别形成了（R,Ti）Fe₂基体相和富（R,Ti）相.Ti的添加量对磁致伸缩性能的影响很大,当x=0.03时,Ti的添加使磁致伸缩性能较Tb_0.3Dy_0.7Fe_1.95母合金提高幅度最大,但当x=0.09时,由于顺磁相TiFe₂和富（R,Ti）相的析出对磁致伸缩性能不利,但相对于Tb_0.3Dy_0.7Fe_1.95母合金也有少量提高.     

AB_2型Laves相Mg(Cu_(1-x)Al_x)_2的制备及表征

采用机械活化+热爆法制备AB2型Laves相Mg(Cu1-xAlx)2(0≤x≤0.35),并对热爆产物进行XRD、EPMA、SEM和DSC分析。结果表明:MgCu2中的部分Cu被Al替代,晶体结构并不发生改变,主相是MgCu2型λ1相。随Al替代量的增加,λ1相的点阵常数逐渐增大,整个XRD衍射峰向低角偏移增大,致密度逐渐提高,晶粒尺寸减小,点阵畸变增大。随Al替代量的增加,λ1相的熔点先升后降,当化学计量比为Mg2Cu3Al(x=0.25)时,熔点达最高,约为910℃,比MgCu2的熔点(约797℃)高113℃,说明用轻质、抗氧化性能高的Al元素进行合金化,能够使C15结构的AB2型Laves相的热稳定性提高,其中Mg2Cu3Al是更具开发潜力的化合物。     

Intermetallic reinforced Cr alloys for high-temperature use

Abstract

A new family of Cr(Ta)-Cr₂Ta intermetallic alloys based on Cr-(6-10)Ta (at%) is currently under development for structural use in oxidizing environments in the 1,000–1,300°C temperature range. These alloys show excellent strength and creep resistance and good oxidation resistance at high temperatures in air. Oxidation resistance comparable to commercial reactive element doped chromia-forming alloys and creep resistance comparable to single-crystal superalloys have been demonstrated. To date, only modest room-temperature fracture toughness (in the 11–12 MPa m^½ range) has been achieved. Preliminary results of a promising approach to improve room-temperature fracture toughness via ductilization of Cr with MgO additions are discussed.     

Formation and effect of topologically close-packed phases in nickel-base superalloys

The formation of topologically close-packed (TCP) phases in nickel-base superalloys is an issue of increasing importance as alloys are designed with higher refractory element contents to meet the requirements of next generation turbine engines. This review considers the factors that affect an alloy’s susceptibility to TCP formation. In particular, the debate surrounding the effect of certain individual elements, such as Co and Re, in promoting or suppressing TCP formation is examined alongside the various mechanisms that have been proposed to account for this behaviour. In addition, the detrimental effects of these phases on the alloy’s mechanical properties are discussed, including crack initiation at precipitates, depletion of solid solution strengthening refractory elements and the effect on γ/γ′ rafting behaviour.

This review was chosen as a runner up of the 2016 Materials Literature Review Prize of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining, run by the Editorial Board of MST. Sponsorship of the prize by TWI Ltd is gratefully acknowledged.