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1.
袁聪  蒲舸  高杰  贾帅辉 《化工学报》2022,73(3):1359-1368
以溶胶凝胶法制备了BaFe2O4载氧体以及Ni、Ce、K修饰的BaFe2O4载氧体,筛选出最佳载氧体为10%(质量)K修饰的BaFe2O4载氧体(10K-BF),探究了不同反应条件对其性能的影响,通过H2-TPR、XRD、SEM、BET对载氧体表征。实验结果表明,Ni、Ce、K的添加均提高了载氧体的合成气产率,10K-BF载氧体在水蒸气与生物质质量比(S/B)等于3,过氧系数α=0.20,反应温度800℃时,气化效果最好,合成气产率1.864 m3/(kg Biomass),氢气产率1.038 m3/(kg Biomass),碳转化率90.49%,积炭率1.33%,10次循环后仍有较高的气体产率及碳转化率。H2-TPR表明10K-BF载氧体在300℃开始释氧,在生物质热解的初始阶段即可参与反应,有利于焦油的裂解;XRD表明10K-BF载氧体再生后可以恢复部分尖晶石结构。  相似文献   
2.
摘要:铁素体轧制是控制精轧过程在铁素体范围内的板带热轧工艺,与传统的“热轧-冷轧-退火”工艺相比,可以实现“以热代冷”,显著节约成本。然而对于一些短流程生产工序,粗轧和精轧之间的高冷速会影响产品的尺寸和组织均匀性,尤其是两相区较宽的低碳钢,更难实现全铁素体区精轧。总结了板带铁素体轧制的相关研究工作,结合各企业铁素体轧制工艺的特点,提出了铁素体轧制工艺参数及组织性能控制目标。围绕铁素体轧制技术应用的几个关键问题展开分析讨论,重点讨论了两相区变形的软化机制及对织构的影响机制,为今后铁素体轧制关键技术的开发提供理论指导。  相似文献   
3.
孙咸 《焊管》2022,45(5):22-35
综述了铁素体与铁素体异种金属焊缝(dissimilar metal welds,DMWs)接头界面组织及其影响。结果表明,在焊后热处理或运行温度下的铁素体钢DMWs接头的不均匀界面组织中,通常会形成脱碳层和增碳层。在铁素体钢DMWs焊接接头界面组织影响因素中,焊缝金属的化学成分有重要影响;焊后热处理规范(温度和时间)、工作温度下运行时间的影响较为突出;焊接工艺参数的影响亦不可忽略。异种钢接头界面处近缝区裂纹的产生,以及接头的蠕变强度随Larson Miller 参数增大而下降等不利影响,均为异种钢界面碳迁移行为所导致。焊缝成分控制法是接头界面组织控制或改善的必要条件,而脱碳层部位转移法能有效防止裂纹发生,亦是接头安全运行的重要工艺措施之一。  相似文献   
4.
袁睿  潘中德  武会宾 《金属热处理》2021,46(10):112-116
利用扫描电镜、激光共聚焦显微镜、室温拉伸、低温冲击测试等试验方法,采用了正火、强化正火、正火+400 ℃回火的热处理工艺,研究了不同正火工艺对420 MPa级海洋风电用钢板组织和性能的影响。结果表明:通过正火处理后,正火态试验钢的平均晶粒尺寸由轧态试验钢的8 μm细化至6 μm,带状组织得到改善,强度与低温冲击性能均得到提升,屈服强度提升至442 MPa,-50 ℃下的冲击吸收能达到120 J;通过正火+400 ℃回火处理后,平均晶粒尺寸为7 μm,虽然大幅度提升了钢的低温冲击性能,-50 ℃下的冲击吸收能量达到194 J,但是钢的屈服强度降低为422 MPa。强化正火后组织为铁素体+珠光体+少量贝氏体,平均晶粒尺寸为5.6 μm,屈服强度提升至460 MPa,断后伸长率和低温冲击吸收能量相较于正火后试验钢有所降低但仍能满足EN10025性能标准,达到强韧性的最佳匹配,是生产420 MPa级海上风电用钢的最佳热处理工艺。  相似文献   
5.
BiFeO3 thin films, specifically those fabricated by chemical solution deposition, suffer from severe leakage that hinder the acquirements of their intrinsic high polarizations and are thus normally not considered for use in practical electronics. The controlled fabrication of thin films with reduced leakage is of vital importance. In the present work, BiFeO3 films (with thicknesses below ~300 nm), assisted by an interfacial amorphous layer, were fabricated by chemical solution deposition on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates. This facile method facilitates the growth of the mentioned amorphous layer, and the ferroelectric properties of the obtained films were greatly enhanced. The conducting mechanisms of both types of thin films were systematically investigated to understand the impact of the designed interface. The results not only advance the potential use of BiFeO3 thin films in electromechanical devices but also promote chemical solution deposition as a promising methodology for the fabrication of high-quality ferroelectric films with compressed leakage.  相似文献   
6.
利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪等研究了热轧态、850、950和1 050 ℃固溶处理Fe-Mn-Al-C铁素体基轻质钢的微观组织。通过测试固溶处理试样的极化曲线和阻抗曲线,以及观察试样在3.5%NaCl溶液中腐蚀后的表面状态,分析其耐蚀性。结果表明,试样经850 ℃固溶处理后的组织为铁素体+κ碳化物;950 ℃固溶处理后组织为铁素体+奥氏体+少量κ碳化物;1050 ℃固溶处理后组织为铁素体+奥氏体。随固溶处理温度的升高,试样中κ碳化物逐渐粗化直至全部溶解,950 ℃时发生奥氏体转变且晶粒有所增大,但1050 ℃时奥氏体的含量却略有降低。950 ℃固溶处理试样在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性最佳,其自腐蚀电流密度为3.102×10-6 A/cm2,钝化膜的电阻Rp值为3944 Ω。经过240 h腐蚀浸泡后,950 ℃固溶处理试样的腐蚀速率最低,这主要是由于其组织中奥氏体含量相对较高、铁素体和κ碳化物含量相对较低以及铁素体中Al元素含量较高所致。  相似文献   
7.
某钢厂试开发基于铁素体轧制工艺的SPCC板,经热轧-冷轧-罩式退火工序后对样品进行性能检测,发现与传统奥氏体轧制工艺相比,该工艺路径下的产品各项力学性能指标均有不同程度下降,且r值有明显降低。对两种工艺路径的热轧板和冷轧退火成品板进行了组织和织构的对比分析,且提出了改进措施。结果表明:铁素体轧制工艺中热轧精轧温度过高,形成两相区轧制,得到粗大F+纤维状F的不均匀室温组织,从而导致冷轧退火板中存在较高强度{001}<110>织构组分,是导致最终产品r值降低的主要原因。  相似文献   
8.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(8):10412-10419
Dense nickel-zinc (NiZn) ferrite ceramics were successfully fabricated within tens of seconds via spark plasma sintering. The phase composition and microstructure of the sintered samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The static magnetic properties at room temperature and Curie temperature of the samples were investigated by vibrating sample magnetometry. The results indicated that the main phase of the sintered samples was Ni0.75Zn0.25Fe2O4 with spinal structure, and the sintering temperature and heating rate observably affected the microstructure and density, then the magnetic properties of the sample. The Joule heat generated by NiZn ferrite during spark plasma sintering was very important for the rapid preparation of the sample with high density and small grain size. The low sintering temperature and heating rate would be helpful to obtain samples with small grain size, high density, and then good magnetic properties. The samples sintered at 900 °C with the heating rate of 5–10 °C/s were characterized of the relative density above 95%, 4πMs value beyond 4000 Gs and coercivity below 27.7 Oe.  相似文献   
9.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(16):22896-22905
Spinel ferrites are widely used for electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption applications. In this study, spinel Ni–Zn ferrites with excellent microwave absorption properties were synthesized. Their EMW absorption characteristics and interaction mechanisms were studied to lay the foundation for the study of the role of Ni–Zn ferrite as a magnetic substrate for composites. Herein, Ni0·5Zn0·5Fe2O4 was prepared by the hydrothermal method (H-NZFO) and the sol–gel auto-combustion method (S-NZFO); both samples exhibited distinct microwave absorption properties. The S-NZFO absorber (thickness = 3.72 mm) demonstrated the best dual-zone microwave absorption with two strong reflection loss peaks at 5.1 and 10.5 GHz. The corresponding effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) reached 9.0 GHz, which covered part of the S-band and all of the C- and X-bands. These results were attributed to the high saturation magnetization, outstanding complex permeability, and multiple magnetic loss channels of S-NZFO. The H-NZFO sample exhibited excellent absorption capability and matching thickness. At a thickness as low as 1.71 mm, the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of the H-NZFO absorber reached -60.2 dB at 13.1 GHz. The maximum bandwidth corresponding to RL below -10 dB was 4.6 GHz. These results can be attributed to small particle size, high complex permittivity, and multiple dielectric loss channels of H-NZFO. The observed wide effective absorption bandwidth of S-NZFO and strong microwave absorption capability of H-NZFO suggest the potential of both materials as substrates for efficient microwave absorbers in military as well as civilian absorption applications.  相似文献   
10.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(3):3609-3614
This work investigated the effect of replacing Zn2+ ions with Cd2+ ions on the microstructure and electromagnetic properties of NiZnCo ferrites. The studies show that the Cd2+ ions substituted for Zn2+ ions at the A sites (tetrahedral sites) of the ferrite lattice. The large ionic radius of the Cd2+ ions can cause lattice distortion. Concurrently, the low melting point of CdO can effectively reduce the sintering temperature of NiZnCo ferrite, thereby significantly changing the magnetoelectric properties of NiZnCo ferrite. These changes are mainly manifested as the decrease in the saturation magnetization (Ms) from 66.6 to 58.5 emu/g and the increase in coercivity (Hc) from 31.2 to 34.8 Oe. The dielectric constant increases considerably, dielectric loss tanδ gradually decreases from 4.71 to 0.83 at 10 kHz, and DC resistivity ρ decreases considerably from 8.0 × 104 to 1.61 × 104 Ω m. Therefore, the substitution of Cd2+ ions in NiZnCo ferrite provides excellent electrical and magnetic properties, which provide a reference for the development of high-frequency miniaturized electronic equipment.  相似文献   
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