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1.
PVDF中空纤维滤膜的形态结构 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用L-S相转换法制备了聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)中空纤维不对称滤膜。铸膜液由聚合物、溶剂和添加剂组成。用电子显微镜(SEM)考察了聚合物浓度、添加剂用量及种类对膜形态结构的影响。实验结果表明,聚合物浓度对膜形态结构有显著影响,当铸膜液中聚合物浓度较低时,无论用什么种类添加剂,都能形成大、且多的孔,但孔的形状随添加剂不同而异。当恒定聚合物浓度时,添加剂的用量对膜形态结构有很大的影响,但孔的大小及多少与添加剂含量的多少不成正比。 相似文献
2.
NH_4Cl水溶液在成膜过程中的致孔作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文以NH4Cl饱和水溶液做添加剂,对PVDF/NMP体系在成膜过程中的致孔作用做了研究。铸膜液中随NH4Cl水溶液加入量的改变,膜孔径也发生变化,并出现最大值。通过X-射线衍射扫描发现制膜液中存在无机盐时膜中无定形态结构增加,表明无机盐的加入有助于膜孔形成 相似文献
3.
4.
传感器采用的28 μm厚的4层结构PVDF压电薄膜制成,传感器表面电极形状的制作采用剪切加丙酮腐蚀的方法,保证了传感器有一定的非金属化的边缘。对于电极的引出是将传感器上、下电极面引脚错开,引出电极比较容易做到穿透式,采用压接端子压接和空心小铆钉铆接两种方法。 相似文献
5.
本文系统地研究了液晶聚合物(LCP)与PVDF合金共混体系的组成及加工工艺条件对共混物制件性能的影响。并用SEM观察了合金的形态结构。结果表明:在液晶含量10%左右时,加工温度为210℃,合金的拉伸强度最高,磨耗量最低,体系分散均匀并形成了较多的微纤结构。 相似文献
6.
Rinaldo Gregorio Luiz Francisco Malmonge Guilherme Fontes Leal Ferreira Wilson Nunes Dos Santos Luiz Henrique Capparelli Mattoso 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2003,87(5):752-758
The real (ε′) and imaginary (ε″) components of the complex permittivity of blends of PVDF [poly(vinylidene fluoride)] with POMA [poly(o‐methoxyaniline)] doped with toluenosulfonic acid (TSA) containing 1, 2.5, and 5 wt % POMA–TSA were determined in the frequency interval between 102 and 3 × 106 Hz and in the temperature range from ?120 up to 120°C. It was observed that the values of ε′ and ε″ had a greater increase with the POMA–TSA content and with a temperature in the region of frequencies below 10 kHz. This effect decreased with frequency and it was attributed to interfacial polarization. This polarization was caused by the blend heterogeneity, formed by conductive POMA–TSA agglomerates dispersed in an insulating matrix of PVDF. The equation of Maxwell–Garnett, modified by Cohen, was used to evaluate the permittivity and conductivity behavior of POMA–TSA in the blends. A strong decrease was observed in POMA–TSA conductivity in the blend, which was bigger the lower the POMA–TSA content in the blend. This decrease could have been caused either by the POMA dedoping during the blend preparation process or by its dispersion into the insulating matrix. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 752–758, 2003 相似文献
7.
Rinaldo Gregorio Matheus Rigobelo Chaud Wilson Nunes Dos Santos Joo Baptista Baldo 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2002,85(7):1362-1369
This study presents an investigation of the effect of the different crystalline phases of each blend component on miscibility when blending poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and its copolymer poly[(vinylidene fluoride)‐ran‐trifluorethylene] [P(VDF–TrFE)] containing 72 mol % of VDF. It was found that, when both components crystallized in their ferroelectric phase, the PVDF showed a strong effect on the crystallinity and phase‐transition temperature of the copolymer, indicating partial miscibility in the crystalline state. On the other hand, immiscibility was observed when both components, after melting, were crystallized in their paraelectric phase. In this case, however, a decrease in crystallization temperatures suggested a strong interaction between monomers in the liquid state. Blend morphologies indicated that, in spite of the lack of miscibility in the crystalline state, there is at least miscibility between PVDF and P(VDF–TrFE) in the liquid state, and that a very intimate mixture of the two phases on the lamellar level can be maintained upon crystallization. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1362–1369, 2002 相似文献
8.
浓盐溶液的膜蒸馏机理研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
考察了高浓度氯化钠溶液在直接接触式膜蒸馏操作中的热侧温度,冷侧温度,流速和料液浓度对膜渗透通量的影响。发现膜渗透通量随氯化钠溶液浓度的高而降低。当氯化钠溶液浓度约为25%时,膜渗透通量急剧下降。氯化钠溶液达到饱和时,膜渗透通量逐渐趋于稳定。研究认为此现象是由于膜面上有NaCl结晶形成而导致的。 相似文献
9.
The preparation of very hydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes was explored by using two methods. The first one was the modified phase inversion method using a water/N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMAc) mixture instead of pure water as a soft precipitation bath. The second method was a precipitation‐bath free method, that is, the PVDF/DMAc casting solution underwent gelation in the open air instead of being immersed into a precipitation bath. The morphology of the surface and cross section of the membranes was investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the membranes exhibited certain micro‐ and nanoscale hierarchical roughness on the surface, which brought about an enhanced hydrophobicity of the membrane. The contact angle (CA) of the samples obtained by the second method was as high as 150° with water. The conventional phase inversion method preparing PVDF porous membrane using pure water as precipitation bath usually results in an asymmetric membrane with a dense skin layer having a CA close to that of a smooth PVDF surface. The modified approach avoided the formation of a skin‐layer and resulted in a porous and highly hydrophobic surface of PVDF. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 1358–1363, 2005 相似文献
10.