废旧机床的绿色再制造及表面工程技术

针对现代工业发展进程中的绿色再制造技术,对废旧机床的再制造内涵及体系进行了阐述.提出了纳米复合电刷镀技术、微脉冲电阻焊技术、表面粘涂修补技术等几种表面工程技术的技术特点,研究了它们在废旧机床再制造中的应用,赋予了废旧机床新的生命周期.     

废弃墨粉的再生机理及工艺

将被废弃的激光打印机或复印机用墨粉进行再生,首先用清洗、干燥、分选等方法对废墨粉进行处理,再按传统生产墨粉的工艺,经预混、混炼、粉碎、分级、外添等重新制作新品种的墨粉粉体.再生后的不同品种的墨粉,它用在激光打印机或复印机上,同原厂制造的墨粉一样优异.     

三部件可再制造系统的可靠性分析

对典型的三部件可再制造系统的可靠性进行了分析，研究了该系统工作状态的概率，给出了系统可靠度和故障间的平均时间MTBF的Laplace变换表达式。     

面向再制造的小型内燃机曲轴设计技术研究

运用面向再制造的产品设计基本概念,在对小型内燃机曲轴进行正常失效分析的基础上,研究和提出了对小型内燃机曲轴进行面向再制造的设计时,应考虑的主要问题和基本的设计技术.提出了应权衡内燃机寿命长短对内燃机再制造价值的综合影响,使产品主要零部件在整个寿命周期内的价值最大化的观点.     

A model of the operations concerned in remanufacture

Remanufacturing is a process of bringing used products (known as ‘cores’) to ‘like-new’ functional state by rebuilding and replacing their component parts. Remanufacture has long been used in many industries for high-capital-cost equipment, but it represents a new kind of business process for companies in other industries that, for a mixture of cost, regulatory, and environmental reasons, wish to adapt to this mode of operation. The primary objective of this research was to develop a model of the business processes used in remanufacture. The methodology used included a review of candidate modelling techniques, case-study work with companies, and evaluation work with a panel of experts based on the necessary properties of relevant research. The outcome of the research was a model that has been validated in the electromechanical industry. The paper presents several diagrams to illustrate the structure of the model and concludes with some proposals for further work to build upon this understanding of this key business process for sustainability.     

再制造设计中的材料多属性决策方法

材料性能对于产品零部件的再制造特性具有重要影响,为了在再制造设计中科学客观地选择材料,提出了一种基于证据推理的材料多属性决策方法。针对再制造特性需求,构建了包含密度、机械性能、再制造工艺、经济性、环境性能等指标的材料多属性决策层次模型。应用证据理论将材料多属性决策层次模型中的评价指标变换成统一的评价形式,综合所有的评价指标完成备选材料的选优排序。最后,以某发动机缸体材料的选择为例,证明了该方法的有效性。     

Development of design for remanufacturing guidelines to support sustainable manufacturing

Developing sustainable approaches to manufacture is a critical global concern. Key measures towards this include practicing design for environment (ecodesign), for example by improving remanufacturing efficiency and effectiveness. Remanufacturing is a process of bringing used products to a “like-new” functional state with warranty to match. Its significance is that it can be both profitable and less harmful to the environment in comparison to conventional manufacturing. Remanufacturing has a low profile in world economies and is poorly understood because of its relative novelty in research terms. However, environmental and competitive pressures are changing the global and business environment and this is fuelling interest in the practice. This paper provides the background to remanufacturing together with the findings from workshops recently undertaken in the UK as part of research into design and manufacturing approaches to facilitate remanufacturing.     

增材再制造产业的现状与发展

增材再制造基于增材制造技术,能实现零部件损伤部位尺寸恢复和零部件性能恢复或提升,是一种颠覆性新加工技术。该技术对关键产业起到赋能作用,能够促进产业高质量发展。针对金属增材再制造技术,具体阐述了激光增材再制造、电弧增材再制造和电子束增材再制造技术的工艺特点,并详细地分析了增材再制造技术在钢铁冶金、船舶、航空航天、电力、交通、模具等行业的应用。最后,提出了增材再制造技术当前要解决的共性技术、制造装备和行业标准问题,指出要实现增材再制造技术的发展,必须从顶层设计、人才教育培训和创新体系角度来加强,才能实现再制造技术与传统产业融合发展和制造业的转型升级,催生产业生态。     

流程工业装备绿色化、智能化与在役再制造

钢铁、石化等流程工业是国民经济的支柱产业,是实现制造强国和《中国制造2025》提出的重点发展十大领域的基础。目前,装备与过程不和谐导致我国石化、冶金等流程工业的能耗高、故障多等安全和经济运行问题十分突出。本文从设计建设、企业管理、政府导向和人才培养等方面分析了问题产生的原因,研究了流程工业机械装备绿色化和智能化与在役再制造科技发展战略,提出绿色设计制造、健康能效监控智能化和在役再制造等对策及政策建议。     

中国再制造产业及再制造技术新进展

再制造是实现节能减排的重要措施,是促进循环经济发展的有效途径。本文介绍了中国再制造的特色,阐述了近年来中国再制造产业的发展。在国家领导高度重视和相关政策大力支持下,近几年来我国的再制造产业获得了快速发展,已逐渐形成了具有中国特色的再制造模式,再制造成形技术的快速发展,初步形成了再制造质量保证体系。同时,提出了中国再制造产业面临的挑战,展望了中国再制造发展前景。