TlBr探测器的发展与现状

TlBr晶体是一种理想的的X射线和γ射线探测器材料,其原子序数高、密度大、禁带宽和电离能小,TlBr探测器具有探测效率高、能量分辨性能优异和体积小易集成等特点,可以在室温条件下使用,是核材料核查与核保障、国土安全、空间及高能物理实验的较佳选择。文章介绍了TlBr探测器工作原理及其发展与现状,对探测器结构设计及信号收集处理方法作了详细介绍,提出了TlBr探测器发展及开发工艺的建议。     

Special signals in the calibration of systems for measuring dynamic quantities

The determination of errors generated by systems measuring dynamically changeable signals presents a difficult problem due to their unknown shape and the measurement duration. This paper presents a proposed solution to this problem by means of the signals maximizing chosen error criterion. Thus, it refers to the commonly applied methods for determining the accuracy class of systems intended for the measurement of static quantities.The method of determining a signal with one constraint, maximizing integral-square error, is discussed in this paper in detail. As an example, four acceleration sensors are considered and the maximizing signals from the range of one to twenty-five switchings are determined. It is worth underlining that the paper presents a solution obtained by an analytical method instead of using optimization methods, the application of which is necessary in the case of signals with an increased number of constraints.     

利用参量阵扬声器进行有源噪声控制的研究

在有源噪声控制系统中,由于传统扬声器具有全指向性,在控制点处获得降噪效果的同时,在声场其他区域噪声会增大.参量阵扬声器是具有强指向性的新型声频声源,可以作为有源噪声控制系统中的次级声源,以实现特定方向或区域的降噪,同时减少对声场其他区域的影响.对参量阵扬声器和传统扬声器作为次级声源的有源噪声控制系统进行了仿真实验,结果...     

基于噪声检测的置换混叠图像盲分离

置换混叠图像盲分离作为一类新型的单信道盲分离,在理论和方法上与传统的单信道盲分离有着本质的不同。针对一类置换区域含噪声的置换混叠图像,本文提出一种基于噪声检测的置换混叠图像盲分离算法。本文首先给出置换混叠图像的数学模型,对置换混叠图像用非零元个数约束的K-SVD算法进行训练得到其稀疏表示的字典,利用学习得到的字典对置换混叠图像去噪,然后利用去噪后的置换混叠图像与原图像作差运算得到差图像,通过检测差图像来确定出置换区域的位置和大小。并利用图像形态学运算优化置换区域,采用阈值化操作分离出置换图像。实验结果表明,本文算法能够较好的从置换混叠图像中分离出置换图像,并且不受置换图像的大小、位置、个数和置换图像所含噪声大小的影响。     

雷达辐射源信号聚类分选算法

基于脉内特征参数的聚类是实现雷达辐射源信号分选的一种重要途径.本文在小波域滤波算法的基础上提出一种新的雷达辐射源信号脉内特征提取和聚类分选方法,将小波变换后的低频逼近小波系数的能量分布熵与经过尺度相关去噪计算后反映信号边缘的高频细节小波系数能量分布熵作为分选的脉内特征向量,并引入灰关联测度来衡量脉内特征样本之间的相似程...     

粒子滤波在含噪齿轮箱故障盲源分离中的应用

在机械故障诊断中,传感器所获得的信号不可避免地受到各种未知噪声的干扰,针对这种复杂噪声环境下的机械信号盲源分离不能得到较好分离效果的问题,提出了一种将粒子滤波用于含噪信号盲分离的方法,首先利用Rao-blackwellised粒子滤波对观测信号进行降噪处理,然后再进行独立分量分析。仿真和实验结果表明该方法是有效的。     

模糊提升小波在脉冲漏磁信号处理中的应用

在脉冲漏磁检测中,有效抑制信号中的噪声是最终正确识别缺陷的关键环节之一.介绍了提升小波变换的基本理论及传统阈值降噪方法;针对传统硬、软阈值法的局限性,提出了包括带有可变因子的隶属函数的模糊阈值处理方法;运用该方法对仿真和实验信号进行了降噪研究.结果表明,采用模糊提升小波降噪方法能够很好的抑制脉冲漏磁信号中的噪声,在实时...     

手机图像处理技术专利现状

随着彩信手机、拍照手机、智能手机等手机的发展,手机已不再简单地只是打电话发短信的一个工具,而渐渐成为集个性化、娱乐化为一体的数据中心.如何满足用户在获取图像后对图像进行个性化处理的需求,就变得十分重要.因此,手机图像处理已然成为手机技术发展的研究热点.针对手机图像处理领域的专利文献,给出了该领域主要申请人的申请量分布图,并对该领域的重要专利分布进行分析.     

Pictures worth a thousand tiles,a geometrical programming language for self-assembly

We present a novel way to design self-assembling systems using a notion of signal (or ray) akin to what is used in analyzing the behaviour of cellular automata. This allows purely geometrical constructions, with a smaller specification and easier analysis. We show how to design a system of signals for a given set of shapes, and how to transform these signals into a set of tiles which self-assemble into the desired shapes.     

Heart rate variability in low birth weight growth restricted children during sleep and wake stages

Intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) individuals have greater predisposition to develop a metabolic syndrome in later life manifesting itself as obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Poor fetal growth may alter the regularity mechanism of cardiac autonomic system that is involved in the development of these diseases. The malfunctioning of the cardiac autonomic system assessed by decrease in heart rate variability (HRV) is associated with negative cardiovascular outcomes. This study is aimed at investigating the risk of development of coronary heart disease in IUGR children in later life. For that purpose HRV analysis of normal and growth restricted children was performed during sleep and wake stages. The study group consisted of 9–10 years old, 32 normal, 20 low birth weight IUGR children. The standard time domain HRV metrics (mean RR, SDNN, RMSSD, NN50 and pNN50) and Poincaré indices (SD₁ and SD₂) were used to analyse and compare the RR-interval time series of these groups. The IUGR children showed lower HRV as compared with normal children during both sleep and wake stages. The significantly decreased HRV during sleep provide an evidence of autonomic derangement that may be associated with higher risk of lethal arrhythmias in the IUGR children in later life.