Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金TIG电弧熔覆层微观组织演变及力学性能研究

目的 在AZ91D镁合金表面熔覆Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金，分析熔覆层微观组织演变规律及其对熔覆层力学性能的影响。方法 采用直流脉冲钨极氩弧焊（DC PTIG welding），在不同平均电流下，将Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金焊丝送入AZ91D镁合金熔池，制备熔覆层。采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪及X射线衍射仪，分析不同平均电流条件下的熔覆层微观组织。基于显微维氏硬度仪与往复式滑动摩擦磨损设备，表征熔覆层硬度及摩擦学性能。结果 熔覆层微观组织主要由α-Mg、Mg24(Gd,Y)5及Al2(Gd,Y)相组成。熔覆层呈现明显分层特征，主要是由晶界Mg24(Gd,Y)5相分布差异造成。平均电流增大，熔覆层中心晶粒尺寸先保持不变，而后快速增大，Al2(Gd,Y)相由细小弥散颗粒变为团聚状分布，晶界Mg24(Gd,Y)5相则由连续网状演变为不连续岛状，直至变为细小颗粒状。熔覆层硬度随平均电流增加，呈现略微上升，随后快速下降的趋势，其最高硬度达90.8HV。摩擦磨损测试过程中，平均电流为110 A所得熔覆层失重速率小于AZ91D基材。结论 采用DC PTIG在AZ91D基体表面成功制备了耐磨性能优于基体的含Gd、Y稀土元素的熔覆层，稀释率决定熔覆层Al2(Gd,Y)相形貌及分布规律。     

Infiltration behavior of Cu and Ti fillers into Ti2AlC/Ti3AlC2 composites during tungsten inert gas (TIG)brazing

Herein we study the infiltration behavior of Ti and Cu fillers into a Ti₂AlC/Ti₃AlC₂MAX phase composites using a TIG-brazing process. The microstructures of the interfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. When Ti₂AlC/Ti₃AlC₂ comes into contact with molten Ti, it starts decomposing into TiC_x, a Ti-richandTi₃AlC; when in contact with molten Cu, the resulting phases are Ti₂Al(Cu)C, Cu(Al), AlCu₂Ti and TiC. In the presence of Cu at approximately 1630 °C, a defective Ti₂Al(Cu)C phase was formed having a P63/mmc structure. Ti₃AlC₂ MAX phase was completely decomposed in presence of Cu or Ti filler-materials. The decomposition of Ti₂AlC to Ti₃AlC₂ was observed in the heat-affected zone of the composite. Notably, no cracks were observed during TIG-brazing of Ti₂AlC/Ti₃AlC₂ composite with Ti or Cu filler materials.     

微弧氧化处理对碳钢表面耐LBE腐蚀性能的影响

目的以Q235钢为基材,制备微弧氧化陶瓷层,提高钢铁材料耐LBE腐蚀性。方法采用TIG熔-钎焊并添加ER4043焊丝的方法,对1.5 mm厚的5A06铝合金和3 mm厚的镀锌Q235钢进行焊接,焊后对接头进行280℃保温30 min的退火热处理。同时,采用合适的微弧氧化工艺在铝/钢焊缝表面制备微弧氧化陶瓷层,研究微弧氧化处理对钢材耐LBE腐蚀性的影响。结果采用TIG熔-钎焊的方法对铝/钢异种金属进行焊接时,铝/钢界面会不可避免地产生金属间化合物层,对铝/钢熔-钎焊接头进行280℃保温30 min的退火热处理后,金属间化合物层的厚度可达9～10μm,化合物层主要由Al_8Fe_2Si相和少量的[Al,Fe,Si]、Al_(13)Fe_4相组成,接头抗拉强度高达185 MPa,且断裂发生在铝母材处。微弧氧化处理可使焊缝表面原位生成均匀的陶瓷层,陶瓷层表面呈"火山状"形貌,且"火山状"物质的中心有较多不同尺寸的放电微孔。陶瓷层主要由α-Al_2O_3、γ-Al_2O_3和莫来石相组成,且其表面粗糙度较低。Q235钢经过腐蚀后,表面出现较多的腐蚀坑,Pb、Bi元素向碳钢内部扩散;而陶瓷层经过腐蚀后,表面没有明显的腐蚀现象。结论微弧氧化处理可显著提高钢铁材料耐LBE腐蚀性,阻碍Pb、Bi元素向钢铁内部的扩散。     

外界因素对焊接咬边问题的影响规律

采用Ansys有限元分析法建立了数学模型,分析咬边形成和熔宽最大处熔池的深宽比之间的关系;通过数值模拟方法,分析了工件厚度、工件初始温度以及散热条件对熔池温度场的影响,发现工件厚度较小时不易产生咬边现象,通过提高工件预热温度、改善散热条件可有效抑制咬边的产生,最后,通过对不同预热温度下的工件进行TIG焊接实验,验证了数值模拟结果的正确性。     

A novel approach of accurately evaluating residual stress and microstructure of welded electrical steels

In the present research work the determination of residual stress distribution in welded non-oriented electrical steel samples is discussed. Tungsten inert gas was used for the welding method. Residual stress was directly determined through deformation measurements and appropriate math calculations. Two methods were used: the magnetic, non-destructive method of Barkhausen noise and the semi-destructive method of X-ray diffraction. In order to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the magnetic method applied, the steel samples were subjected to both compressive and tensile stresses and the magnetic noise values were correlated to residual stress values through an appropriate calibration curve. The results were then verified by the XRD method and were further evaluated by examining the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the as received and welded samples through scanning electron microscopy and hardness measurements, respectively. It was found that the deviation between the two methods was within acceptable limits, thus implying potential applicability of the MBN method in non-destructive testing of materials.     

光纤激光器激光-TIG复合焊接工艺

对光纤激光器激光与TIG复合焊接工艺进行了研究,并通过一套光纤激光器对激光与TIG复合焊接系统进行了相关试验,考察了光纤激光器激光与TIG复合条件下焊缝外观、熔深、对间隙的适应性等。结果表明,复合条件下焊缝外观、熔深、对间隙的适应性等相对激光焊接都有所提升。     

铝合金 TIG 焊接接头喷射式微弧氧化腐蚀疲劳性能研究

目的研究铝合金TIG焊接接头经喷射式微弧氧化后对腐蚀条件下疲劳寿命的影响,为延长焊接接头的使用寿命提供一种有效的方法。方法采用TIG焊对5083铝合金进行焊接,观察焊接接头的组织结构,测试焊接接头的显微硬度距焊缝中心的分布情况;通过喷射式微弧氧化方法处理焊接接头,考察陶瓷层的生长曲线和截面纳米硬度;在最大载荷量为7,8,9 k N的条件下,分别对微弧氧化处理与未处理的焊接试样预腐蚀168 h后进行等幅拉伸疲劳实验,对比两种试样拉断时的循环次数。结果铝合金焊接接头呈现不均匀性,微弧氧化后接头陶瓷层均一性较好;陶瓷层厚度增长呈现先快后慢的趋势,表面粗糙度与厚度相关,呈近似线性增长;7,8,9 k N的载荷下,未处理的焊接接头相比于喷射式微弧氧化的接头,疲劳寿命分别降低50.7%,58.3%,64.9%。结论采用喷射式微弧氧化处理可改善铝合金TIG焊接接头的表面状态,阻隔外界腐蚀介质对焊接基体的侵蚀,提高其在预腐蚀和交变应力条件下的疲劳寿命,延长结构零件的使用寿命。     

Enhancement of AZ80 joints using ultrasonic vibration-assisted welding process

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted welding process was developed to improve the microstructures and mechanical properties of AZ80 Mg alloy joints. Results show that the ultrasonic vibration-assisted welding process has a significant effect on the morphology and size of both β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ precipitated phases and α-Mg grains. With ultrasonic vibration treatment, the primary α-Mg grains are transformed from coarse dendrites to nearly fine equiaxed grains, and the β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phases at α-Mg boundaries are refined and become discontinuous, owing to the cavitation effects and acoustic streaming effects induced by ultrasonic vibration. The mechanical properties of AZ80 Mg alloy joints under the ultrasonic vibration-assisted process are obviously improved. And the influence mechanisms of the ultrasonic vibration-assisted welding process on joints are discussed in detail.     

Experimental Investigation of the A-TIG Welding Process of Incoloy 800H

This work attempts to investigate the influence of different flux powders in the activated-TIG welding process of the Incoloy 800H super alloy. Three different fluxes (SiO₂, ZnO, and 50% ZnO +50% SiO₂) were used and welded under the same conditions and process parameters. The oxide fluxes used were in the form of nanoparticle powders. The metallurgical characteristics and mechanical properties were analyzed, and it was found that the SiO₂ flux could increase the depth of penetration whereas a ZnO flux was detrimental to this effect. Although a SiO₂ flux increased the depth of penetration, it led to a sensitization issue in the grain boundary. The combination of the fluxes 50% ZnO +50% SiO₂ produced a moderate increase in the depth of penetration compared to ZnO flux-coated weldments, but revealed a dendritic structure in the weld region.     

激励电流对MGH956合金原位合金化TIG焊接头性能的影响

通过高频调制TIG焊电弧激发超声,以自制焊料作为填充材料,在不同激励电流下对MGH956合金进行超声电弧原位合金化TIG焊接,研究了超声电弧对焊缝气孔分布、微观组织和接头性能的影响.结果表明:在激励电流为10A时,焊缝气孔尺寸明显变大,但数量减少,焊缝晶粒粗大;当激励电流提高到20A时,气孔数量急剧减少,焊缝晶粒细小均匀,颗粒状增强相弥散分布;激励电流增大到30A时,气孔进一步减少,但晶粒粗化.比较拉伸实验结果表明,激励电流为20A时,接头抗拉强度最高,为626MPa,达到了母材强度的87％,同时接头由沿晶脆性断裂变成韧-脆混合断裂形式.