Inhibition of RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis by Novel Mutant RANKL

Background: Recently, it was reported that leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4, also called GPR48) is another receptor for RANKL and was shown to compete with RANK to bind RANKL and suppress canonical RANK signaling during osteoclast differentiation. The critical role of the protein triad RANK–RANKL in osteoclastogenesis has made their binding an important target for the development of drugs against osteoporosis. In this study, point-mutations were introduced in the RANKL protein based on the crystal structure of the RANKL complex and its counterpart receptor RANK, and we investigated whether LGR4 signaling in the absence of the RANK signal could lead to the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis.; Methods: The effects of point-mutated RANKL (mRANKL-MT) on osteoclastogenesis were assessed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), resorption pit formation, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blot, NFATc1 nuclear translocation, micro-CT and histomorphological assay in wild type RANKL (mRANKL-WT)-induced in vitro and in vivo experimental mice model. Results: As a proof of concept, treatment with the mutant RANKL led to the stimulation of GSK-3β phosphorylation, as well as the inhibition of NFATc1 translocation, mRNA expression of TRAP and OSCAR, TRAP activity, and bone resorption, in RANKL-induced mouse models; and Conclusions: The results of our study demonstrate that the mutant RANKL can be used as a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis by inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via comparative inhibition of RANKL. Moreover, the mutant RANKL was found to lack the toxic side effects of most osteoporosis treatments.     

多功能橡胶硫化活性剂ZH-73对全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶性能的影响

研究多功能橡胶硫化活性剂ZH-73对子午线轮胎胎面胶硫化特性、加工性能、物理性能和动态力学性能等的影响。结果表明:加入2份硫化活性剂ZH-73,混炼胶的门尼焦烧时间略缩短,t90延长,流动性提高,加工性能改善;硫化胶老化前后物理性能相当,60℃的损耗因子明显减小;成品轮胎耐久性能提高,滚动阻力系数降低。     

FJ1型激发剂在大掺量粉煤灰高强混凝土中的应用试验研究

本文对C55、C65混凝土按等量取代法进行配合比设计，粉煤灰掺量为30％、40％，用FJ1型复合激发剂和减水剂进行试验，分析3d-60d抗压强度、抗折强度及折压比的发展、变化规律，探讨激发剂和减水剂的作用机理。     

天然硬石膏的活性激发及改性

选取硫酸钾作为激发剂对天然硬石膏进行活性激发,并分别掺入硅酸盐水泥与半水石膏进行改性。研究了这些组分对天然硬石膏力学性能及耐水性能的影响规律,实验结果表明,硫酸钾对强度提高显著,硅酸盐水泥对强度与软化系数均有很大的改善作用,而半水石膏对强度与软化系数也有一定程度的影响。     

钢渣基多孔地质聚合物的制备及吸附性能研究

以钢渣为主要原料,水玻璃为激发剂,H₂O₂为发泡剂,制备多孔地质聚合物材料。采用XRD、FTIR、SEM、BET等对原料及最终试样进行表征,研究钙硅比、激发剂和H₂O₂掺量对该材料性能的影响。将所制备的多孔地质聚合物用作吸附剂,初步考察该材料对Cu²⁺的吸附效果。试验表明:当钙硅比为1.0,水玻璃掺量为20.4%(质量分数),发泡剂掺量为4%(质量分数)时,该材料性能良好,总孔隙率86.4%,抗压强度0.5 MPa,体积密度0.408 g/cm³,体积吸水率56.31%,钢渣使用率65.85%,比表面积与孔容显著提高。吸附结果显示:该材料对Cu²⁺吸附效果良好,去除率可达91.44%,平衡吸附量达到15.239 mg/g,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型。     

苯菲尔脱碳活化剂国产替代应用探讨

海洋石油富岛有限公司脱碳系统采用苯菲尔热钾碱法脱除CO₂,采用两段吸收两段再生工艺,活化剂为ACT-1。因特殊原因,脱碳装置使用活化剂ACT-1断供,为了维持脱碳装置的效果,确保装置达标稳定运行,2021年9月1日~6日,在脱碳系统中使用206新型活化剂代替原活化剂ACT-1,初步应用表明,206新型活化剂能够有效提高溶液的吸收和再生效果,改善气体质量,同时可较好地控制溶液对设备及管线的腐蚀,其工业应用效果良好,具有现实推广价值。     

酸性矿渣粉活性激发剂配方试验研究

采用工业废弃物——酸性矿渣粉取代水泥作为胶凝材料,以激发酸性矿渣粉活性、提高砂浆综合性能、降低矿山充填成本为目的而进行试验研究,以抗压强度为指标,通过单一激发剂、复合激发剂激发酸性矿渣粉制成胶凝材料的试验,确定了激发酸性矿渣粉活性较好的激发剂,然后选取了4种激发剂进行正交试验,得出了3个不同龄期的最优激发配方。解决了酸性矿渣粉难被激发利用的问题。     

Synthesis of heat and ambient cured one-part geopolymer mixes with different grades of sodium silicate

The use of solid activators in the manufacture of geopolymer enhances its commercial viability as it aids the development of a one-part “just add water” geopolymer mixture, similar to the conventional Portland cement-based materials. This study is aimed to synthesize heat and ambient cured one-part geopolymer mixes. Appropriate combinations of low calcium (Class F) fly ash, slag and hydrated lime as the aluminosilicate source materials were activated by three different grades of sodium silicate and a combination of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide powders. A conventional two-part geopolymer mix with the commonly used sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions was also made for comparison. Effects of the type and amount of the solid activator, the amount of fly ash replacement with slag and hydrated lime and water content on short term mechanical properties of the heat cured one-part geopolymer mixtures including workability of the fresh mix, hardened density and compressive strength were evaluated. Subsequently, effects of ambient curing on the properties of the developed one-part geopolymer mixes were also investigated. Moderate to high compressive strength of over 37 MPa developed for the heat and ambient cured one-part geopolymer mixes. The 28-days compressive strengths of the ambient cured one-part geopolymer mixtures, regardless of the type of activator and geopolymer source materials, were comparable to those of the counterpart heat cured one-part geopolymer mixes. Such one-part geopolymer mixes could enhance the commercial viability and large-scale applications of the geopolymer in the construction industry.