Superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surface with excellent universality,corrosion resistance,and antifouling performance prepared without prepolishing

It is urgently necessary to seek more simple and effective methods to construct superhydrophobic metal surfaces to improve the corrosion resistance and antifouling performance. Herein, a facile method for fabricating superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surface is developed via boiling water treatment and stearic acid modification. It is noteworthy that no prepolishing on aluminum alloy is required and no caustic reagents and typical equipments are used during the preparation procedure. Therefore, the fabrication method is quite a simple and environment-friendly technique. Both micro- and nano-scaled binary structure forms at the resultant aluminum alloy surface while long alkyl chains are grafted onto the rough aluminum alloy surface chemically. Consequently, the resultant aluminum alloy exhibits outstanding superhydrophobicity. More importantly, the superhydrophobicity has excellent universality, diversity, stability, excellent corrosion resistance, and antifouling performance. The facile preparation, excellent superhydrophobic durability, and outstanding performance are quite in favor of the practical application.     

Preparation of high-performance reverse osmosis membrane by zwitterionic polymer coating in a facile one-step way

Aiming at preparing high-performance polyamide (PA) reverse osmosis (RO) membrane in a facile and high effective way, the codeposition strategy of dopamine and zwitterionic polymer was first applied to modify PA RO membrane. The noncovalent bonds between dopamine and Poly [2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (PSPE) act to fix PSPE onto the membrane surface and simultaneously destroy the interaction force between dopamine aggregations so that the modified layer could equably form on the PA layer. PSPE significantly improved the hydrophilicity [the water contact angle (WCA) of S-D-3 is 25.3°] of the modified membrane. And, the smoother surface was noticed on the modified membrane. All of these endow the PSPE/dopamine modified membrane superb water flux (the maximum water flux is 51.86 L m⁻¹ h⁻¹ at 1.6 MPa and 25 °C) and impressive antifouling and anti-adhesion properties to bovine serum albumin (BSA) (protein), sodium dodecyl sulfate (anionic surfactant), and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (cationic surfactant) with salt retention was well maintained. Notably, in the BSA fouling test, nearly 100% of the flux recovery ratio was achieved. This method is promising to be employed in industrial scale-up production. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48355.     

表面微结构自抛光防污涂层的制备与性能研究

为了研究表面微结构与自抛光的协同防污效果，将具有吸水溶胀能力的微球加入到自抛光树脂中，通过交联反应制备了表面微结构自抛光防污涂层，考察了涂层浸水过程中表面微结构形貌、溶胀、自抛光性能和抑制小球藻附着性能。研究结果表明：涂层自抛光过程中，微结构形貌的变化随微球含量的增加而更加明显；涂层溶胀率与微球的含量正相关，自抛光率与可水解单体含量正相关，但可水解单体含量过大时，涂层溶胀与自抛光成相互制约关系；小球藻附着率随微球含量的增加而增大，随可水解单体含量的增加而下降，当微球分散液质量分数为 10%、可水解单体质量分数为 40%时，涂层抑制小球藻附着的效果最佳。     

Improving the hydrophilicity of polyethersulfone membrane by the combination of grafting technology and reverse thermally induced phase separation method

In this work, surface grafting modification technology was combined with reverse thermally induced phase separation (RTIPS) method in order to improve the structure and permanent hydrophilicity of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. Acrylic solution with different concentrations was grafted on the surface of PES membranes while grafting temperature and grafting time were also varied. The modified PES membranes were characterized in all aspects. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform-infrared confirmed successful modification of the PES membrane by grafting acrylic acid. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that homogeneous porous top surface as well as spongy-like cross-section structure appeared in the membrane by RTIPS procedure. Moreover, porosity was affected by changes of acrylic acid concentration, grafting temperature, and grafting time. Atomic force microscopy showed that grafting acrylic acid gave a reduction in roughness of PES membrane. Combined with the decreased values of contact angle, the hydrophilicity and antifouling performance of the PES membrane were improved. The pure water flux and BSA rejection rate of the grafted PES membranes were remarkably improved for pure PES membrane and attained a maximum, which was 1,646.24 L/(m²h) and 94.5%, respectively. The long-term test demonstrated that grafting membranes exhibited outstanding elevated water flux recovery ratio (>85%).     

Characterization of spray paints used in street art graffiti by a non‐destructive multi‐analytical approach

Often associated with acts of vandalism, graffiti can also be identified with the so‐called street art movement. Moreover, in the historical context of visual arts from the 20th and 21st century, graffiti spray paints feature among the materials employed in the work of representative artists such as Lucio Fontana, Richard Hamilton, Yves Klein, or David Alfaro Siqueiros. In this study, a large number of artist spray paints were analyzed by means of X‐Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), spectrophotometry, and Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI). The aim of the study was to provide a chemical characterization of the main organic and inorganic components present within the spray paint formulations by means of a complementary non‐destructive approach. Titanium white, zinc white, bismuth vanadate yellow, ultramarine, strontium sulfide, iron, and copper oxides, along a series of pigments of the azo, phthalocyanine, and quinacridone classes could be identified. High amounts of barium sulfate as well as calcium‐based extenders were also detected. FTIR analysis provided important information regarding the binder composition, mainly modified alkyd resins being identified. Additional information related to the existing chromophores as well as specific binder‐pigments interactions could also be highlighted within the HSI data sets. Overall results provide new insights on the complex chemistry of this new range of materials, which could help future investigations carried on street art graffiti, contemporary murals, or mixed‐media artworks.     

超疏水氟硅防污涂料的制备及性能研究

以自制氟硅嵌段聚合物为成膜物质,添加纳米SiO2、颜填料和助剂,制成低表面能防污涂料。通过考察树脂、纳米SiO2及颜填料含量对涂料性能的影响,确定了各自的最佳用量:树脂35%、纳米SiO210%和颜填料5%。试验结果表明:所制备的涂层外观光滑、平整,附着力1级,铅笔硬度HB,抗冲击性54 cm。水接触角152.25°,达到了超疏水性能。     

高效抗污卷铝涂料的研制

通过对各个原材料的深度筛选,合理搭配,研制出高效抗污卷铝涂料。着重研究了主体树脂的改性及各种助剂的应用,制得的涂料具有高效抗污性和抗菌性,同时漆膜具有优异的附着力、机械加工性、耐化学品性和耐腐蚀性,特别适合用于室内外装潢、幕墙、天花吊顶等场合。     

船舶表面微结构防污技术研究进展

海洋污损生物对船壳浸水表面的危害十分严重,基于表面微结构的防污技术是一种绿色防污方法,不会对海洋生态环境造成任何危害,近些年来得到了重点研究。文中分析了自然界中多种具有自清洁能力的动植物的表面微观结构特征;总结了表面微观结构防污机理研究方面的进展;阐述了几种现有的微观结构防污理论模型:ERI模型、纳米力梯度模型以及SEA模型。对当前常用的微米级结构、纳米级结构以及微纳复合结构的加工方法进行了综述;分析了目前微结构表面防污性能常用评价方法:实船试验方法、浅海浸泡试验方法、接触角试验方法、附着力测量试验方法以及生物附着试验方法。基于细菌、石莼孢子、硅藻和藤壶金星幼虫等典型海洋污损生物,对表面微结构的防污特性进行了分析,提出深入研究海洋污损生物的附着机理和表面微结构的防污机理,进而建立表面微结构的设计基准。多尺度微纳结构的快速精准加工和完善防污性能评价体系,是表面微结构防污发展中面临的难题和未来发展方向。     

丝光、半光和有光建筑乳胶漆的耐水性和耐碱性

根据光泽对乳胶漆进行分类的基础上,分析了丝光、半光和有光乳胶漆耐水性和耐碱性问题的原因,并提 出改进措施和延长试板养护期的建议。     

天然产物基无铜自抛光防污涂料的制备与性能

随着人们环保意识的增强和环保法规的日益严格,不含重金属防污剂的环境友好防污涂料成为目前研究的热点。文中通过室内的接触角、水解失重和吸水率跟踪测试,研究了3种主链降解型聚丙烯酸锌树脂的表面润湿性能和自抛光性能;并将其与天然产物防污剂(Butenolide)复配制备了天然产物基无铜自抛光防污涂料,通过防污剂释放率测试和浅海浸泡试验对防污剂的释放行为和实海防污能力进行了研究。结果表明：主链降解型聚丙烯酸锌树脂H100Z具有优异的自抛光性能(质量损失可达8.4 mg·cm⁻²)和较低的溶胀程度(吸水率仅为12.3%),可作为Butenolide的载体,实现对其可控、稳定和持续的释放,该防污涂料在南海海域(深圳)和东海海域(厦门)浸泡3个月后均展现出优异的防污效果。