Establishment of a color tolerance for yarn-dyed fabrics from different color-depth yarns

Yarn-dyed fabric is often woven from warp and weft yarns in the same color depth to ensure a uniform color appearance. The difference in color depth between warp and weft tends to result in the uneven color of the yarn-dyed fabric. This article aims to establish a color tolerance for yarn-dyed fabric that can be woven with a qualified color appearance but from the warp and weft yarns in different color depths. A total of 27 yarn-dyed fabric samples in three color series (red, yellow, and blue) were evaluated by using the yarn-dyed fabric from warp and weft yarns in the same color depth of 2% (on weight of fabric, owf) as the standard. Visual assessment and instrumental measurement of color were carried out to establish the color tolerance ellipse that was defined as CMC (Color Measurement Committee) color differences (2:1) of no more than 1.00. It was found that the color strengths (K/S) and color differences (ΔE_CMC(2:1)) of these fabric samples for each color series had linear relationships with the color depths of warp and weft yarns. The color tolerance ellipses indicated that, even though the warp and weft yarns had an apparent color difference, they could be woven in fabrics with relatively uniform color appearance and meet the requirements for yarn-dyed fabric. This work provided valuable insight into the production of qualified yarn-dyed fabrics from unqualified dyed yarns.     

Mixing enhancement mechanism of combined H2–Water jets in supersonic crossflows in a combustor with an expanded section

To obtain the mixing enhancement mechanism of H₂–Water combined jets in supersonic crossflows in a combustor with expanded section for rotating detonation ramjet, the flow field shape and spray structure were studied by experimental and numerical methods. The Eulerian–Lagrangian method was used to investigate the diffusion mechanism and H₂–Water interaction law of combined jets with different sequences. At the same time, high-speed photography and the schlieren technique were used to capture the flow field. The effects of jet pressure drop, orifice diameter, orifice spacing, incoming Mach number, and other parameters on the penetration depth of water jets were studied. The results of experiment and simulation show that using H₂–Water combined jets, the penetration depth of the jet spray can be greatly increased and the jet mixing effect can be significantly improved, which will contribute to the engine's ignition and stable combustion. In the case of pre-water/post-H₂, the penetration depth of the hydrogen jet is greater. In the case of pre-H₂/post-water, the hydrogen jet raises the water spray mainly by protecting the integrity of the water column.     

Corrosion resistance of Al–Cr-slag containing chromium–corundum refractories to slags with different basicity

Al–Cr slag is the solid waste generated by the smelting of Cr metal. It presents a range of environmental hazards. This study addressed the corrosion resistance of Al–Cr slag containing chromium–corundum refractories to slags with different basicity. Herein, we provide suggestions for the use of Cr–corundum of different basicity in kilns. Al–Cr slag, brown fused Al₂O₃, and chrome green were used as the raw materials, with pure calcium aluminate cement being used as a binder. The brick samples, prepared using different blends of chrome green and corundum, were fired at 1600?°C, and subsequently subjected to a slag corrosion test. After corrosion by slag of different basicity, the phase composition and microstructure of the sample were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectrometer and scanning electron microscopy. There were two major findings. First, Cr–corundum brick made from Al–Cr slag has a better slag corrosion resistance than that made from Cr₂O₃ and brown fused Al₂O₃. Second, Cr–corundum brick made from Al–Cr slag has superior corrosion resistance to slag with a CaO:SiO₂ ratio of 2:1.     

埋地管道在冻土带的热力变形分析

埋地油气管道通过永冻土地带时,由于管内介质与周围的冻土发生了热力作用,使冰土解冻,在管道周围形成融化圈。文章分析了永冻土的特点,建立了永冻土地带土壤传热数学模型:融化圈内外传热方程、管道向土壤和土壤表面向大气所放热量的守恒关系、融化圈界面处土壤温度、相变界面处固相变为液相的传热条件。还建立了埋地管道模型,并以穿过永冻土地带土壤的输油管道为例,分析并计算了各种应力的最大值所在的位置和大小,提出了在永冻土地带减小管道热力变形的措施。     

东营凹陷纯化潜山构造特征与勘探目标选择

结合钻井和地震资料研究纯化潜山的构造特征，精细描述了纯化潜山的构造演化过程，在此基础上探讨了纯化潜山的烃源岩、储集层、盖层以及圈闭等油气成藏条件，研究表明，纯化潜山属于典型的块断山，其形成演化与石村断层的发育及潜山北部利津洼陷的强烈下陷有着密切关系。纯化潜山储、盖条件以及圈闭条件都较好，油气成藏的主控因素是烃源岩以及油气运移通道，纯化潜山南部沿石村断层上盘一线为较有利的勘探目标区。     

新一代深度张力面板

新一代深度张力面板不仅具有基本的深度、张力采集、处理、显示功能,同时还具有多种报警及通讯功能.其最大的特点是采用了液晶显示屏和触摸屏,使得信息的显示更加丰富、直观和醒目.同时,触摸屏的采用,省去了传统的按钮、开关及键盘操作模式,使操作更加方便简洁、自然.该面板可以单独工作,也可以配备于测井、录井地面系统中使用.     

覆盖层厚度对巷道周围应力分布的影响及巷道间相互作用的仿真

给出了覆盖层厚度对巷道周围应力分布的影响及巷道间相互作用的计算机仿真，用三维有限元法分析了在不同覆盖层厚度下巷道周围的应力分布和两个巷道之间不同距离下的相互作用。数值模拟表明了巷道周围应力分布和应力集中系数随覆盖层厚度增加的变化规律，找到了两巷道之间的距离的临界值，当两巷道间距离大于该临界值时，它们之间的相互作用消失。     

车古201潜山油藏完井方式研究

研究了国内外潜山油藏完井方式应用及其使用条件、井身结构的应用 ,针对车古 2 0 1油藏特点 ,论证了其对裸眼完井、筛管完井、尾管射孔完井、管外封隔器完井的适应性 ,通过对比研究 ,从更好地满足油藏工程、采油工艺、增产措施出发 ,选择出车古 2 0 1潜山油藏最合理的完井方式为尾管注水泥射孔完井 ,并给出了应采用的井身结构     

一种软件实现虚拟景深的方法

影视后期制作或图像合成中，动态实时改变显示画面的景深能进一步增强画面的真实感，但由于实时性要求较高，软件实现在处理速度方面容易产生瓶颈。为此，采用预处理的办法，分别对前景和背景进行低通滤波，得到前、背景各自的模拟帧序列，通过调节前景和背景帧序列的位置，模拟确定其各自的变焦程度，然后将前景和背景动态合成具有虚拟景深效果的画面。     

射孔孔眼中散射超声脉冲波的FEM模拟

采用有限元素法 ,分别数值计算了平底孔道、台阶式孔道和尖劈状孔道等 3种孔眼模型中不同中心频率 (10 0 k Hz、5 0 0 k Hz、1MHz)的散射超声脉冲波。计算结果表明 ,无论选用哪一种孔底模型 ,均可以得到较为明显的对应于孔底的声波信号。但是 ,孔道越不规则 ,使用的超声信号的主频越高 ,则孔底信号越差。为了兼顾孔底信号质量和信号采集、传输的代价 ,在未来的检测仪器中应采用尽可能低的测量频率 (低于 5 0 0 k Hz)