Structure,mechanical and thermal properties of Y-doped CrAlN coatings

CrAlYN coatings with different Y contents (0, 5 and 12 at.%) were deposited by cathodic arc evaporation to investigate the influence of Y-addition on the structure, mechanical and thermal properties of CrAlN coatings by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis and nanoindentation. The structural transformation of single phase cubic Cr_0.42Al_0.58N and Cr_0.39Al_0.56Y_0.05N coatings to cubic–wurtzite mixed Cr_0.32Al_0.56Y_0.12N coating leads to a drop in hardness from (30.2±0.7) GPa of Cr_0.42Al_0.58N and (32.0±1.0) GPa of Cr_0.39Al_0.56Y_0.05N to (25.2±0.7) GPa of Cr_0.32Al_0.56Y_0.12N. The incorporation of 5 at.% Y retards the thermal decomposition of CrAlN, verified by the postponed precipitation of w-AlN and N-loss upon annealing. Correspondingly, Cr_0.39Al_0.56Y_0.05N coating consistently exhibits the highest hardness value during thermal annealing. Nevertheless, alloying with Y exerts an adverse effect on the oxidation resistance of CrAlN.     

埋地管道腐蚀防护--防腐层与阴极保护存在的问题分析

在埋地管道研究工作中,关于其腐蚀的防护一直是研究的焦点问题,但现阶段常用的防护手段多为防腐层与阴极防护。为此,在文中主要对二者的保护措施展开了相应地阐述,并重点分析了2种保护手段存在的问题,旨在为后续的管道防腐研究提供相应的参考。     

Stray current-induced corrosion in cathodic protection installations of steel-reinforced concrete structures: FEM study of the critical parameters

A wide range of parameters was investigated by numerical calculations concerning their impact on DC stray current corrosion of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. A simplified model geometry was used to extract the relevant parameters and their interaction in terms of stray current-affected structures. This study mainly focuses on RC structures that are fitted with cathodic protection installations. The findings reveal a complex interaction between the investigated parameters. The possible relevance of further parameters, which is not the subject of this study, was emphasised.     

牺牲阳极的阴极保护法在电力系统接地体防腐中的应用

电力行业是目前国家非常重视与大力发展的行业之一。近些年来,由于接地系统接地电阻不合格引起的电力系统事故逐渐增多,并且接地电阻升高的很大一部分原因是接地体腐蚀造成的,因而人们越来重视接地体的抗腐蚀保护。简要阐述了电力系统目前预防接地体腐蚀所采取的牺牲阳极的阴极保护法,并对接地体新的改造方法提出一些建议。     

固态去耦合器在解决阀室阴保漏电问题中的应用

干线埋地管道均为强制电流+外防腐层联合保护方式,这就要求被保护管道有良好的绝缘性能。阀室内管道与电气之间采用绝缘卡套进行绝缘,放空管与阀室内管道间也存在绝缘接头。基于电气安全考虑,阀室电气设备均有接地,如果管道与接地网搭接或绝缘失效,将会造成阀室管道电位偏正,阴保处于欠保护状态。因此针对运行的阀室,做好绝缘排查,消除阴保电流流失,确保阀室埋地管道处于良好的阴极保护状态尤为重要。本文通过对某输油线某阀室阴保漏电进行原因排查并采用了固态去耦合器解决了阀室阴极保护漏电,对解决阀室阴极保护漏电提供了一种全新的思路和方法。     

阴极保护检查片接地电阻数值模拟与实验研究

目的研究阴极保护检查片结构及埋设方式对其接地电阻的影响。方法基于边界元平台建立常用检查片的边界元模型,从检查片形状、裸露面积、壳体大小、埋深和土壤电阻率等方面探讨其对检查片接地电阻的影响及规律,计算了检查片接地电阻在检查片对地总电阻中的比重,并将检查片接地电阻的实验值与边界元模拟结果进行对比。结果随着极化电位负移,检查片接地电阻所占比重增大,最大接近95%。检查片裸露面积从6.5cm~2增加至50cm~2,其接地电阻降低约1/2。同一裸露面积下,圆形检查片接地电阻最大,长方形的最小,两者相差1.7倍左右。当壳体面积为检查片7倍等效圆直径面积时,接地电阻接近最大值,检查片接地电阻随土壤电阻率增大而成倍增加。在单一土壤环境中,检查片埋深在0.2 m以下时,接地电阻变化小于2%。在边界元模拟结果中,0.2 m埋深处,6.5 cm~2圆形检查片接地电阻模拟值比实验值小1.4%,6.5cm~2棒状检查片接地电阻模拟值比实验值小6.3%。结论接地电阻的实验结果与边界元模拟结果具有较好的一致性,模型合理。     

Complex study of protective Cr3C2–NiAl coatings deposited by vacuum electro-spark alloying,pulsed cathodic arc evaporation,magnetron sputtering,and hybrid technology

Coatings were obtained by vacuum electro-spark alloying (VESA), pulsed cathodic arc evaporation (PCAE), magnetron sputtering (MS) techniques and VESA-PCAE-MS hybrid technology using Cr₃C₂–NiAl electrodes. The structure of the coatings was analyzed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Mechanical properties were determined by nanoindentation, while tribological properties were assessed using pin-on-disk tribometer. Corrosion resistance was estimated by voltammetry in 1 N H₂SO₄ and 3.5%NaCl solutions. Oxidation resistance tests were performed at 800°С in air. The VESA coating had the highest thickness, low friction coefficient and high wear resistance. PCAE coating demonstrated the highest hardness (24 GPa) and elastic recovery (59%), oxidation resistance and superior corrosion resistance both in 1 N H₂SO₄ (i_corr = 70 μА/cm²) and 3.5%NaCl (i_corr = 0.74 μА/cm²) solutions. The MS coating had average mechanical properties and low corrosion current density (71 μА/cm²) in 1 N H₂SO₄. Deposition of coatings using VESA-PCAE-MS hybrid technology led to an increase in corrosion and oxidation resistance at least by 1.5 times in comparison with the VESA coating.     

真空阴极电弧沉积法沉积类金刚石膜的研究

克服了真空石墨电弧沉积过程中的一些观点，成功地利用真空阴极电弧沉积法制备了类金刚石膜，并对其表面形貌，硬度及结合强度，结构进行了分析，结果表明，真空阴极电弧沉积法是制备综合性能良好的光亮类金刚石膜的有效方法。类金刚石膜为非晶结构，具有明显的ｓｐ＾３结构特征。