某福利院一起肠炎沙门菌食源性疾病的调查分析

目的 对某福利院一起肠炎沙门菌食源性疾病进行调查和溯源,为研究相关食源性疾病提供参考。方法采用流行病学、食品卫生学和脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)同源性分析等方法,分析本次食源性疾病事件。结果 确认本次事件中病例23名,患病率5.65%(23/407)；现场采集病例肛拭子15份和厨房工作人员肛拭子3份、留样菜品3份、水果2份以及冰棒1份,其中从11份病例肛拭子中检出肠炎沙门菌,PFGE结果显示11株肠炎沙门菌的DNA条带图谱相似性为96.4%,聚类分析为同一型,结合流行病学调查,初步判断菌株来自同一克隆系。结论 综合流行病学、食品卫生学和实验室检测结果,确定为一起肠炎沙门菌引起的食源性疾病,福利院应加强对特殊人群的饮食安全管理,制定相应的食源性疾病突发事件应急处理预案,防止此类事故再发生。     

Structure,mechanical and thermal properties of Y-doped CrAlN coatings

CrAlYN coatings with different Y contents (0, 5 and 12 at.%) were deposited by cathodic arc evaporation to investigate the influence of Y-addition on the structure, mechanical and thermal properties of CrAlN coatings by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis and nanoindentation. The structural transformation of single phase cubic Cr_0.42Al_0.58N and Cr_0.39Al_0.56Y_0.05N coatings to cubic–wurtzite mixed Cr_0.32Al_0.56Y_0.12N coating leads to a drop in hardness from (30.2±0.7) GPa of Cr_0.42Al_0.58N and (32.0±1.0) GPa of Cr_0.39Al_0.56Y_0.05N to (25.2±0.7) GPa of Cr_0.32Al_0.56Y_0.12N. The incorporation of 5 at.% Y retards the thermal decomposition of CrAlN, verified by the postponed precipitation of w-AlN and N-loss upon annealing. Correspondingly, Cr_0.39Al_0.56Y_0.05N coating consistently exhibits the highest hardness value during thermal annealing. Nevertheless, alloying with Y exerts an adverse effect on the oxidation resistance of CrAlN.     

埋地管道腐蚀防护--防腐层与阴极保护存在的问题分析

在埋地管道研究工作中,关于其腐蚀的防护一直是研究的焦点问题,但现阶段常用的防护手段多为防腐层与阴极防护。为此,在文中主要对二者的保护措施展开了相应地阐述,并重点分析了2种保护手段存在的问题,旨在为后续的管道防腐研究提供相应的参考。     

基于荧光显微镜的毛细管电泳系统的构建

毛细管电泳仪具有灵敏度高、分析速度快等优势,为降低其生产成本,基于电泳原理,以荧光显微镜为基础,设计了一套毛细管电泳系统。以20 bp(base pairs,碱基对)DNA ladder和100 bp DNA ladder为样本,全面分析了系统的稳定性、灵敏度和分离效果。结果表明:该系统在9 min内可以实现1500 bp以内DNA片段的高效分离,系统检测极限为0.1 ng/μL;在优化的电泳条件下,对限制性内切酶φX174-HincⅡ作用过的λ-DNA片段5 min内实现了291 bp与297 bp DNA片段的区分。     

Stray current-induced corrosion in cathodic protection installations of steel-reinforced concrete structures: FEM study of the critical parameters

A wide range of parameters was investigated by numerical calculations concerning their impact on DC stray current corrosion of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. A simplified model geometry was used to extract the relevant parameters and their interaction in terms of stray current-affected structures. This study mainly focuses on RC structures that are fitted with cathodic protection installations. The findings reveal a complex interaction between the investigated parameters. The possible relevance of further parameters, which is not the subject of this study, was emphasised.