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1.
《Soils and Foundations》2022,62(5):101220
In numerous real-life civil engineering practices, including multi-stage embankment construction and foundation pit excavation, the direction of the major principal stress σ1 becomes rotated. In these cases, the granite residual soil may be subjected to inclined consolidation (IC) with σ1 being inclined, because of the relatively high permeability as a result of the fissures formed during weathering. While the effect of the σ1 direction during the shear on the strength of granite residual soil (inherent strength anisotropy) has been primarily established, little is known about how the soil strength is affected by the direction of σ1 during consolidation. This paper presents the effects of IC on the shear strength properties of natural granite residual soil through undrained hollow cylinder torsional shear tests. The effect of the soil structure is also considered by testing remolded soil specimens. The results reveal that while IC changes neither the shape of stress–strain curve nor the specimen features at failure, it leads to an increased ultimate shear strength in terms of both the undrained strength and stress ratio, with the remolded soil being more affected. The presented data provide new insights into the understanding of residual soil strength behaviors.  相似文献   
2.
为了研究温度对黏弹性减震框架结构动力响应的影响规律,对1个5层黏弹性减震框架结构在宽温域环境下进行了地震模拟混合试验。提出了求解黏弹性减震框架结构(子结构在不同楼层)的混合试验运动方程的方法。进行了一系列不同温度下黏弹性减震框架结构的混合试验,并对试验结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明:黏弹性阻尼器(VED)对结构动力响应有着较好的控制作用;随着温度升高,VED对结构位移和加速度的控制效果基本均呈逐渐减弱趋势,且减弱速率逐渐减小;VED的滞回曲线饱满程度、耗能效率和力峰值均逐渐降低且降低速率逐渐减小;各环境温度下,VED对加设层的位移和加速度控制效果均最好,对其他层的控制效果均基本随与加设层距离的增加而逐渐减弱,且减弱速率逐渐减小;随着加设楼层的升高,VED耗能和力峰值对低温的敏感程度逐渐增大。  相似文献   
3.
节点连接的破坏和失效显著影响装配整体式混凝土框架结构在连续倒塌大变形下的抗力机理、破坏模式和变形能力。为研究装配整体式混凝土框架结构的抗连续倒塌性能,设计了3个1/3缩尺的两跨梁柱子结构试件,开展了拟均布加载下的静力连续倒塌试验和理论计算分析。包含1个现浇对比试件RC和2个采用不同梁柱纵筋连接方式的装配整体式试件PC,即梁钢筋通过机械套筒连接和锚固板锚固、柱钢筋通过半灌浆套筒连接的试件,梁钢筋通过90°弯折锚固、柱钢筋通过约束浆锚连接的试件。试验发现:由于后浇区混凝土强度的提高,装配整体式试件的压拱机制峰值荷载较现浇对比试件分别提高22.9%和20.2%;拟均布加载下,梁最终变形呈曲线,该变形模式下节点需要提供更高的转动能力才能保证梁整体变形满足T/CECS 392—2021《建筑结构抗倒塌设计标准》的挠度要求;在悬链线峰值荷载时相邻跨梁提供的水平约束能有效限制边柱的水平变形和装配式试件的坐浆层滑移。理论计算表明,装配整体式试件的压拱作用的倒塌抗力贡献率低于现浇对比试件,其原因是边柱坐浆层滑移削弱了梁端约束,进而降低了压拱机制承载力。采用能量原理评估了试件的动力倒塌抗力,由于压拱机制下的累积耗能能力较高,装配整体式试件的动力倒塌抗力分别比现浇试件提高了16.8%和18.8%。  相似文献   
4.
采用自然浸泡法模拟海洋水下区环境,研究了玄武岩/聚丙烯纤维增强混凝土(BPFRC)的氯离子扩散性能.通过固液萃取法和电位法测试了不同侵蚀时间下BPFRC中的氯离子含量,分析了纤维种类、掺量和混杂形式对氯离子含量分布、表面氯离子含量(Cs)和氯离子扩散系数的影响;此外,采用Rapid Air 457测定了BPFRC的孔径分布,并计算了其孔结构分形维数.结果表明:BPFRC中的氯离子含量随着侵蚀龄期的增加而增大;当纤维体积分数为0.10%时,玄武岩纤维对混凝土中氯离子含量的降低作用大于聚丙烯纤维,适量的混杂纤维能够减小混凝土中的氯离子含量,过量的混杂纤维则增大了混凝土中不同深度处的氯离子含量;BPFRC中的Cs在侵蚀初期增长较快、后期增长较慢,与侵蚀时间为幂函数关系;BPFRC的孔结构表现出明显的分形特征,分形维数范围为2.301~2.446,分形维数与氯离子扩散系数具有较强的正相关性.  相似文献   
5.
Organometallic perovskite is a new generation photovoltaic material with exemplary properties such as high absorption co-efficient, optimal bandgap, high defect tolerance factor and long carrier diffusion length. However, suitable electrodes and charge transport materials are required to fulfill photovoltaic processes where interfaces between hole transport material/perovskite and perovskite/electron transport material are affected by phenomena of charge carrier separation, transportation, collection by the interfaces and band alignment. Based on recent available literature and several strategies for minimizing the recombination of charge carriers at the interfaces, this review addresses the properties of hole transport materials, relevant working mechanisms, and the interface engineering of perovskite solar cell (PSC) device architecture, which also provides significant insights to design and development of PSC devices with high efficiency.  相似文献   
6.
Superamphiphobic surfaces have attracted the attention of researchers because of their broad application prospects. Currently, superamphiphobicity is primarily achieved by minimizing the solid–liquid contact area. Over the past few decades, researchers have primarily focused on using physical deposition methods to construct superamphiphobic surfaces using fine-sized nanoparticles (< 100 nm). However, porous hollow SiO2 particles (PH-SiO2), which are typically large spheres, have a highly hierarchical structure and can provide lower solid–liquid contact fractions than those provided by fine-sized particles. In this study, we used PH-SiO2 as building blocks and combined them with poly (dimethylsiloxane) to construct a mechanically robust coating on fiber by spray-coating. After chemical vapor deposition treatment, the coating exhibited excellent superamphiphobicity and could repel various liquids, covering a wide range of surface tensions (27.4–72.0 mN·m−1).  相似文献   
7.
In recent years, superhydrophobic coatings have received extensive attention due to their functions of waterproof, antifouling, self-cleaning, etc. However, wide applications of superhydrophobic coatings are still affected by their disadvantages of complex preparation, low mechanical properties, and poor ultraviolet (UV) resistance. In this study, cellulose nanocrystal containing a small amount of lignin (L-CNC)/SiO2 composite particles were used as the main material, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the adhesive and perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane (FOTS) as the modifier to prepare superhydrophobic coatings by a one-step spray method. The resulted coating showed excellent superhydrophobicity (water contact angle (WCA) of 161° and slide angle (SA) of 7°) and high abrasion resistance (capable of withstanding 50 abrasion cycles under the load of 50 g). Moreover, it still maintained good superhydrophobicity after 5 h of exposure to the UV light (1000 W), displaying its good UV resistance. This study provides theoretical and technical reference for the simple preparation of organic‒inorganic composite superhydrophobic coatings with high abrasion resistance and good UV resistance, which is beneficial to improving the practicability and broadening the application scope of superhydrophobic coatings.  相似文献   
8.
The term environmental innovation system refers to an innovation network composed of enterprises, universities, and research institutions involved in the development and diffusion of environmental technology, with the participation of a government. An environmental innovation system not only exerts important impact on the achievement of carbon neutrality but also affects social and economic activities. Investigations on environmental innovation system performance constantly assume a single-stage independent system while ignoring its internal structure. However, such systems are composed of environmental innovation research and development (R&D) and environmental innovation conversion subsystems. A two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model is developed in this study to analyze the efficiency of Chinese regional environmental innovation system by opening the “black box” and considering shared resources. Empirical results indicated that China presents high overall environmental innovation efficiency although some regions need to improve. Regions with low efficiencies in both environmental innovation R&D (EIR) and environmental innovation conversion (EIC) subsystems should expand their investment in and strengthen the management of environmental innovation resources. Regions with low EIR efficiency should improve the absorption and transformation of environmental innovation achievements. Regions with low EIC efficiency should increase investment in the commercialization of environmental innovation achievements and encourage green economy industries, such as new energy, art, tourism, and environmental protection.  相似文献   
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